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4678150178B1B018040ANTI-INFLAMMATORY POTENTIAL OF Ganoderma lucidum ETHANOL EXTRACT ON IL-1β AND MONOCYTE LEVELS IN COMPLETE FREUND ADJUVANT INDUCED WHITE RATSRheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory syndrome that causes damage to the articular joints. The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) often results in severe side effects, one of which is gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, and stomach ulcers. Ganoderma lucidum is a type of mushroom that has medicinal properties. G. lucidum has been proven to have great potential for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The main group of bioactive compounds isolated from G. lucidum is triterpenoids. Bioactive compounds in G. lucidum can be extracted using the maceration method. Research related to disease and the feasibility or safety testing of a medicinal substance is conducted using experimental animals in the form of male Wistar white rats. The animal model developed for RA testing is animals induced with Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). CFA induction will cause the formation of an inflammatory condition.
This study aims to observe and determine the most effective dose of ethanol extract of G. lucidum on IL-1β and monocytes in male Wistar white rats. The benefit of this research is to observe the anti-inflammatory potential of G. lucidum so that it can be developed into a natural anti-inflammatory drug. This study uses two variables, namely the independent variable and the dependent variable. The independent variable in this study is the variation in doses of G. lucidum extract. The dependent variable in this study is the levels of IL-1β and monocytes in rat samples. The main parameters in this study are the levels of IL-1β and monocytes in rats. The supporting parameter is the weight of the rats. The research was conducted using a completely randomized design consisting of 6 treatments. Healthy Control (only given aquadest), Negative Control (induced with CFA 0.1 mL and given aquadest), Positive Control (induced with CFA 0.1 mL and given Sodium Diclofenac solution 0.012g.200gBB-1+ CMC 0.5%), Treatment 1 (induced with CFA 0.1 mL and given G. lucidum extract solution 250mg.kg-1BB+DMSO 0.5%), Treatment 2 (induced with CFA 0.1 mL and given G. lucidum extract solution 500mg.kg-1BB+DMSO 0.5%), Treatment 3 (induced with CFA 0.1 mL and given G. lucidum extract solution 750mg.kg-1BB+DMSO 0.5%). Data analysis was performed using ANOVA at a 5% error rate, and the results were significant. Further testing was conducted using post hoc DUNCAN at a 95% confidence level. The result shows that the administration of G. Lucidum ethanol extract has a significant effect on IL-1β and monocyte levels. The most effective dose to decrease the monocyte levels is 500mg.kg-1BB. The most effective dose to decrease the IL-1β levels is 250mg.kg-1BB.		Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory syndrome that causes damage to the articular joints. The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) often results in severe side effects, one of which is gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, and stomach ulcers. Ganoderma lucidum is a type of mushroom that has medicinal properties. G. lucidum has been proven to have great potential for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The main group of bioactive compounds isolated from G. lucidum is triterpenoids. Bioactive compounds in G. lucidum can be extracted using the maceration method. Research related to disease and the feasibility or safety testing of a medicinal substance is conducted using experimental animals in the form of male Wistar white rats. The animal model developed for RA testing is animals induced with Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). CFA induction will cause the formation of an inflammatory condition.
This study aims to observe and determine the most effective dose of ethanol extract of G. lucidum on IL-1β and monocytes in male Wistar white rats. The benefit of this research is to observe the anti-inflammatory potential of G. lucidum so that it can be developed into a natural anti-inflammatory drug. This study uses two variables, namely the independent variable and the dependent variable. The independent variable in this study is the variation in doses of G. lucidum extract. The dependent variable in this study is the levels of IL-1β and monocytes in rat samples. The main parameters in this study are the levels of IL-1β and monocytes in rats. The supporting parameter is the weight of the rats. The research was conducted using a completely randomized design consisting of 6 treatments. Healthy Control (only given aquadest), Negative Control (induced with CFA 0.1 mL and given aquadest), Positive Control (induced with CFA 0.1 mL and given Sodium Diclofenac solution 0.012g.200gBB-1+ CMC 0.5%), Treatment 1 (induced with CFA 0.1 mL and given G. lucidum extract solution 250mg.kg-1BB+DMSO 0.5%), Treatment 2 (induced with CFA 0.1 mL and given G. lucidum extract solution 500mg.kg-1BB+DMSO 0.5%), Treatment 3 (induced with CFA 0.1 mL and given G. lucidum extract solution 750mg.kg-1BB+DMSO 0.5%). Data analysis was performed using ANOVA at a 5% error rate, and the results were significant. Further testing was conducted using post hoc DUNCAN at a 95% confidence level. The result shows that the administration of G. Lucidum ethanol extract has a significant effect on IL-1β and monocyte levels. The most effective dose to decrease the monocyte levels is 500mg.kg-1BB. The most effective dose to decrease the IL-1β levels is 250mg.kg-1BB.
4678250179L1B021035Uji Fitokimia dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Kasar Anggur Laut (Caulerpa racemosa) Terhadap Aeromonas hydrophila
Ekstrak anggur laut (Caulerpa racemosa), dapat menjadi alternatif untuk menggantikan antibiotik dalam mengendalikan penyakit bakterial pada ikan, seperti Aeromonas hydrophila. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan senyawa bioaktif ekstrak kasar Caulerpa racemosa melalui uji fitokimia dan menguji aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap Aeromonas hydrophila. Ekstraksi dilakukan menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut metanol. Uji fitokimia dilakukan untuk mengetahui keberadaan senyawa aktif : saponin, flavonoid, tanin, alkaloid, dan steroid. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan uji difusi kertas cakram dan uji dilusi Minimum Inhibitor Concentrate (MIC). Ekstrak ini memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang rendah terhadap Aeromonas hydrophila, sehingga potensinya perlu dipelajari lebih lanjutSea grape extract (Caulerpa racemosa) can be an alternative to antibiotics in controlling bacterial diseases in fish, such as Aeromonas hydrophila. This study aims to identify the bioactive compounds in crude Caulerpa racemosa extract through phytochemical testing and to test its antibacterial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila. Extraction was performed using the maceration method with methanol as the solvent. Phytochemical analysis was conducted to determine the presence of active compounds: saponins, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and steroids. Antibacterial activity testing was performed using the disk diffusion test and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) dilution test. This extract exhibits low antibacterial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila, so its potential requires further investigation
4678349906A1C021078ALGORITMA CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK (CNN) SEBAGAI PENDUGAAN CROP CHARACTERISTIC MENGGUNAKAN SENTINEL-1 DAN SENTINEL-2Jumlah produksi tanaman pangan mengalami penurunan dari tahun 2021-2024. Pemantauan karakteristik tanaman dengan remote sensing dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas pertanian menggunakan citra satelit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis dan fase pertumbuhan tanaman dari citra Sentinel-1 dan Sentinel-2 menggunakan algoritma Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) di beberapa daerah irigasi. Penelitian menggunakan platform Google Colab dan GEE untuk mengolah indeks spektral dan membangun model CNN. Indeks spektral yang digunakan dari Sentinel-2 meliputi NDVI, GNDVI, TNDVI, SAVI, IRECI, S2REP, dan PSSRa. Sedangkan dari Sentinel-1 meliputi RVI, Diff dan Ratio. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa model CNN berhasil mengidentifikasi jenis tanaman pada citra Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2 dan citra kombinasi. Akurasi keseluruhan model CNNN citra kombinasi yaitu 66,2%. Angka tersebut lebih baik dari akurasi keseluruhan Sentinel-2 (59,1%) dan Sentinel-1 (44,9%). Fase pertumbuhan teridentifikasi melalui indeks spektral citra. Penelitian ini menunjukkan model dapat dikembangkan lebih lanjut untuk pemantauan tanaman dan memberikan kontribusi dalam menjaga ketahanan pangan terutama di daerah irigasi.The production of food crops has declined from 2021-2024. Remote sensing is used to monitor crop characteristics in order to improve agricultural productivity using satellite imagery. This study aims to identify crop types and growth phases from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 imagery using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm in several irrigated areas. The study utilized the Google Colab and GEE platforms to process spectral indices and build the CNN model. The spectral indices used from Sentinel-2 include NDVI, GNDVI, TNDVI, SAVI, IRECI, S2REP, and PSSRa. From Sentinel-1, the indices include RVI, Diff, and Ratio. The results show that the CNN model successfully identified crop types in Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, and combined images. The overall accuracy of the CNN model for combined images was 66.2%. This figure is better than the overall accuracy of Sentinel-2 (59.1%) and Sentinel-1 (44.9%). The growth phase was identified through the spectral indices of the images. This study shows that the model can be further developed for crop monitoring and contribute to maintaining food security, especially in irrigated areas.
4678450180A1F021084Optimasi Gliserol Monostearat dan Whey Protein Concentrate pada Pembuatan Yoghurt Bubuk Susu Jagung Tinggi ProteinKesadaran masyarakat yang meningkat terhadap pentingnya kesehatan mendorong perubahan pola konsumsi pangan ke arah pangan fungsional. Yoghurt, sebagai salah satu pangan fungsional kini tidak hanya dibuat dari susu hewani, tetapi juga dari susu nabati seperti susu jagung yang bebas laktosa, tinggi serat, dan harganya lebih murah. Namun, yoghurt dari susu jagung memiliki kadar protein rendah. Fortifikasi dengan spirulina dan isolat protein kedelai terbukti efektif meningkatkan kadar protein hingga memenuhi standar SNI 2981:2009 yaitu minimal 2,7%. Yoghurt memiliki umur simpan pendek, sehingga pengolahan menjadi yoghurt bubuk melalui metode foam-mat drying menjadi solusi untuk memperpanjang masa simpan tanpa mengorbankan kualitas produk. Metode ini memerlukan penggunaan agen pembusa dan penstabil. Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) digunakan sebagai agen pembusa dan Gliserol Monostearat (GMS) sebagai penstabil busa. Keduanya diketahui dapat memengaruhi struktur busa, efisiensi pengeringan, dan mutu produk akhir, namun belum ada penelitian yang mengkombinasikan WPC dan GMS dalam pembuatan yoghurt bubuk. Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan konsentrasi optimal foaming agent GMS dan WPC pada pembuatan yoghurt bubuk susu jagung, dan mengkaji karakteristik fisikokimia dan sensori yoghurt bubuk susu jagung pada perlakuan optimum.
Metode penelitian ini menggunakan optimasi Simplex Lattice Design pada software Design Expert v.13. Faktor yang diteliti adalah konsentrasi GMS dan WPC dengan respon yang diteliti adalah rendemen, kelarutan, dan kadar protein. Variabel uji karakterisasi meliputi rendemen, kelarutan kadar air, kadar abu, kadar lemak, kadar protein, karbohidrat, vitamin C, antioksidan, beta-karoten, total bakteri asam laktat (BAL), dan sensori. Hasil pengujian respon dianalisis menggunakan Design Expert v.13.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi GMS dan WPC berpengaruh nyata terhadap rendemen, kelarutan, dan kadar protein yoghurt bubuk. Penambahan GMS 1% dan WPC 10% menghasilkan kondisi optimum dengan kadar rendemen sebesar 34,08±0,24%, kelarutan 52,33±0,81%, kadar air 9,8±0,07%, kadar lemak 6,93±0,07%, kadar abu 2,3±0%, kadar protein 27,31±0,41%, karbohidrat 53,48±0,08%, vitamin C 5,28±0 mg/100g, beta-karoten 26,34±0,7 µg/100g, BAL 5,50 x 102 CFU/g, dan antioksidan 2192,250 ppm. Yoghurt bubuk memiliki warna kuning kehijauan, rasa sedikit asam, flavor jagung sedikit tidak kuat, beany flavor kuat, tekstur sedikit tidak kental dan tingkat kesukaan secara keseluruhan (overall) sedikit tidak suka.		Increased public awareness of the importance of health is driving a shift in food consumption patterns toward functional foods. Yogurt, as one of these functional foods, is now not only made from animal milk but also from plant-based milk such as lactose-free corn milk, which is high in fiber and more affordable. However, yogurt made from corn milk has a low protein content. Fortification with spirulina and soy protein isolate has proven effective in increasing protein content to meet the SNI 2981:2009 standard of at least 2.7%. Yogurt has a short shelf life, so processing it into powdered yogurt using the foam-mat drying method is a solution to extend shelf life without compromising product quality. This method requires the use of foaming agents and stabilizers. Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) is used as the foaming agent, and Glycerol Monostearate (GMS) as the foam stabilizer. Both are known to influence foam structure, drying efficiency, and final product quality; however, no studies have combined WPC and GMS in the production of yogurt powder. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal concentration of GMS and WPC as foaming agents in the production of corn milk yogurt powder and to examine the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of corn milk yogurt powder under optimal conditions.
The research method used Simplex Lattice Design optimization in Design Expert v.13 software. The factors studied were GMS and WPC concentrations, with the responses studied being yield, solubility, and protein content. The characterization test variables included yield, solubility, moisture content, ash content, fat content, protein content, carbohydrates, vitamin C, antioxidants, beta-carotene, total lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and sensory properties. The response test results were analyzed using Design Expert v.13.
The results of the study indicate that the concentrations of GMS and WPC significantly affect the yield, solubility, and protein content of powdered yogurt. The addition of 1% GMS and 10% WPC resulted in optimal conditions with a yield of 34,08±0,24%, solubility of 52,33±0,81%, moisture content of 9,8±0,07%, fat content of 6,93±0,07%, ash content of 2,3±0%, protein content of 27,31±0,41%, carbohydrate content of 53,48±0.08%, vitamin C content of 5,28±0 mg/100g, beta-carotene content of 26,34±0,7 µg/100g, BAL of 5,50 x 10² CFU/g, and antioxidant content of 2192,250 ppm. The powdered yogurt has a yellowish-green color, a slightly sour taste, a mild corn flavor, a strong bean flavor, a slightly thin texture, and an overall preference rating of slightly disliked.
4678550184B1A021023Ikan Dari Lubuk Ikan Larangan, Desa Ranah Pantai Cermin, Kabupaten Solok Selatan, Sumatera Barat: Jenis, Status Konservasi Dan PemanfaatannyaPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi spesies ikan, status konservasi, dan pemanfaatan ikan di lubuk ikan larangan Desa Ranah Pantai Cermin, Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan teknik snowball sampling dan purposive sampling. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif dan analisis kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini berhasil mengidentifikasi 12 spesies ikan dari 6 familia yang berbeda, yakni Puntius lateristriga, Osteochilus vittatus, Hampala macrolepidota, Tor tambra, Cyclocheilichthys apogon, Mystus nemurus, Mystus nigriceps, Channa striata, Channa melasoma, Pristolepis fasciata, Macrognatus maculatus dan Xenentodon canciloides. Sebagian besar spesies memiliki status konservasi "Least Concern" (LC). Masyarakat lokal memanfaatkan semua spesies ikan untuk konsumsi dan pengobatan, dengan Channa striata dan Mystus nemurus sebagai spesies yang paling penting dan diminati.This research aims to identify the species of fish, their conservation status, and utilization in the Lubuk Ikan Larangan, a traditional fish conservation area in Ranah Pantai Cermin Village, West Sumatra. A survey method was employed, utilizing snowball sampling and purposive sampling techniques. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive and quantitative methods. The results of the study revealed 12 fish species from six different families, specifically Puntius lateristriga, Osteochilus vittatus, Hampala macrolepidota, Tor tambra, Cyclocheilichthys apogon, Mystus nemurus, Mystus nigriceps, Channa striata, Channa melasoma, Pristolepis fasciata, Macrognatus maculatus, and Xenentodon canciloides. Most of the species were found to have a conservation status of "Least Concern" (LC). The local community utilizes all the fish species for consumption and medicinal purposes, with Channa striata and Mystus nemurus being the most significant and sought-after species.
4678650166F1B018090Implementasi Kebijakan Zero Knalpot Bising di Kabupaten BanyumasPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab implementasi kebijakan zero knalpot bising di Kabupaten Banyumas yang belum optimal menggunakan Integrated Implementation Model oleh Soren C. Winter dengan aspek Implementation Process, Policy Outcomes, Street-level Bureaucrats, Target-group Behavior, dan Socioeconomic Environment sebagai pisau analisis. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif eksploratif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, wawancara tertulis asinkron, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa faktor-faktor yang menjadi penyebab ketidakoptimalan dampak kebijakan adalah, pertama, dominannya nilai intrinsik berbasis identitas dibandingkan motivasi kepatuhan, baik yang bersifat sosial, ekonomi, maupun normatif, sehingga belum mampu menekan resistensi kuat dari pengguna knalpot bising. Kedua, terjadi ketimpangan geografis dalam penindakan akibat keterbatasan sumber daya. Ketiga, implementasi kebijakan belum optimal dalam mengintervensi rantai pasok, sehingga kebutuhan kelompok sasaran selalu terpenuhi.This study aims to examine the factors underlying the suboptimal implementation of the Zero Knalpot Bising (noisy exhaust policy) in Banyumas Regency, using Soren C. Winter’s Integrated Implementation Model as the analytical framework, focusing on Implementation Process, Policy Outcomes, Street-level Bureaucrats, Target-group Behavior, and the Socioeconomic Environment. The research employs a descriptive-exploratory qualitative approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews, asynchronous written interviews, observation, and documentation. The findings indicate three key factors contributing to the policy’s limited effectiveness. First, compliance motivation—whether social, economic, or normative—has not been sufficient to counter the strong resistance of noisy exhaust users, whose identity-based intrinsic values remain dominant. Second, geographical disparities in enforcement persist due to resource constraints. Third, the policy implementation has not effectively intervened in the supply chain, allowing the target group’s demand to remain consistently fulfilled.
4678750185F1B018114PENGELOLAAN ALOKASI DANA DESA DI DESA PASIR LOR KECAMATAN KARANGLEWAS KABUPATEN BANYUMAS PROVINSI JAWA TENGAHPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan pengelolaan alokasi dana desa (ADD) di Desa Pasir Lor, Kecamatan Karanglewas, Kabupaten Banyumas, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Dana desa, yang bersumber dari APBN dan ditransfer melalui APBD kabupaten/kota, merupakan instrumen penting untuk membiayai penyelenggaraan pemerintahan, pembangunan, pembinaan kemasyarakatan, dan pemberdayaan masyarakat desa. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh urgensi transparansi dan akuntabilitas dalam pengelolaan dana desa sebagai bagian dari otonomi desa Menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pengelolaan ADD di Desa Pasir Lor telah berjalan sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 20 Tahun 2018, meliputi tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, penatausahaan, pelaporan, dan pertanggungjawaban. Meskipun demikian, masih terdapat kendala seperti kurangnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam beberapa aspek, keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, dan keterlambatan pencairan dana. Kesimpulan menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan ADD sudah cukup baik namun memerlukan peningkatan dalam transparansi, partisipasi publik, dan kapasitas aparatur desa. Rekomendasi meliputi peningkatan pelatihan perangkat desa, optimalisasi peran BPD, dan keterlibatan aktif masyarakat dalam perencanaan serta pengawasan dana desa.This study aims to analyze and describe the management of Village Fund Allocation (ADD) in Pasir Lor Village, Karanglewas District, Banyumas Regency, Central Java Province. The village fund, which is sourced from the state budget (APBN) and transferred through the district/city budget (APBD), is an important instrument for financing government administration, development, community empowerment, and village community capacity building. This research is motivated by the urgency of transparency and accountability in the management of village funds as part of village autonomy. Using a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation, this study found that the management of ADD in Pasir Lor Village has been implemented in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 20 of 2018, including the stages of planning, implementation, bookkeeping, reporting, and accountability. Nevertheless, there are still obstacles such as the lack of community participation in some aspects, limitations in human resources, and delays in the disbursement of funds. The conclusion indicates that the management of the Village Fund has been quite good but requires improvements in transparency, public participation, and the capacity of village officials. Recommendations include enhancing training for village officials, optimizing the role of the Village Consultative Body (BPD), and active community involvement in planning and monitoring village funds.
4678850188A1A021094ANALISIS TINGKAT KEPUASAN PETANI GULA KELAPA KRISTAL
KECAMATAN CILONGOK TERHADAP KEMITRAAN USAHA
DENGAN CV PERMATA SATRIA, KABUPATEN BANYUMAS		Industri gula kelapa di Indonesia merupakan salah satu sektor unggulan dalam
industri pangan serta salah satu penghasil gula kelapa terbesar di dunia. Kabupaten
Banyumas merupakan daerah sentral tanaman kelapa dan salah satu penghasil gula
kelapa yang sangat potensial di Indonesia, khususnya Jawa Tengah. Salah satu
perusahaan kemitraan pengolahan dan ekspor gula kelapa yang terkenal di
Kabupaten Banyumas yaitu CV Permata Satria. Pola kemitraan Kerjasama
Operasional Agribisnis (KOA) antara perusahaan dengan petani mitra gula kelapa
merupakan salah satu strategi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas, efisiensi, dan
daya saing industri gula kelapa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk 1)
Mengetahui karakteristik petani CV Permata Satria. 2) Mengetahui pelaksanaan
kemitraan yang terjalin antara petani gula kelapa dengan CV Permata Satria. 3)
Mengetahui tingkat kepuasan petani gula kelapa terhadap program kemitraan CV
Permata Satria.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode studi kasus. Metode studi
kasus merupakan deskripsi mendalam dan analisis fenomena atau unit sosial
tertentu yang dilakukan untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang lebih mendalam
tentang fenomena tersebut. Lokasi penelitian di CV Permata Satria Kecamatan
Sumbang Kabupaten Banyumas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan Mei sampai Juni
tahun 2025 dengan sasaran petani gula kelapa yang terdaftar sebagai petani mitra
di CV Permata Satria. Perhitungan sampel menggunakan teknik simple random
samping diperoleh sampel sebanyak 60 orang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan
metode wawancara, kuisioner, observasi dan studi pustaka. Analisis data yang
digunakan adalah Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) dan analisis deskriptif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Karakteristik petani mitra CV
Permata Satria umumnya laki-laki dengan rentang usia 40 tahun sampai 60 tahun
yang tersebar di lima desa, yaitu Desa Sokawera, Kasegeran, Jingkang, Pageragi,
dan Batuanten dengan kepemilikan lahan petani mitra umumnya menggunakan
lahan sendiri, dan dapat memproduksi gula kelapa mencapai 5.110 kg per tahunnya.
(2) CV Permata Satria menerapkan sistem kemitraan Pola Kerjasama Operasional
Agribisnis (KOA), seperti memberikan sosialiasi, memberikan bantuan sarana
produksi, dan menjamin kebutuhan pasar petani gula kelapa meski penyalurannya
terkendala dominasi pengepul. (3) Hasil tingkat kesesuaian antara kinerja dengan
harapan petani gula kelapa terhadap kemitraan CV Permata Satria sebesar 83 persen
dimana terdapat beberapa atribut yang belum sesuai, sehingga harus diperbaiki
yaitu menetapkan harga jual, pendamping mudah dihubungi ketika dibutuhkan, dan
memberikan fasilitas asuransi ketenagakerjaan.		The Indonesian sugar industry is one of the world's leading sectors in the food
industry, and it is one of the world's largest producer of coconut sugar. Banyumas
are a center of the coconut plant and one of the most promising producers of
coconut sugar in Indonesia, especially in Central Java. One of the most famous
companies of the processing and export of coconut sugar in Banyumas is CV
Permata Satria. The partnership system in agribusiness operating cooperation
(koa) between companies and the farmers' coconut sugar partners is one of the
strategies for increasing productivity, efficiency, and competitions in the coconut
sugar industry. The purpose of this research is to 1) find out the character of the
farmer's CV Permata Satria. 2) knowing about the whereabouts of an effective
partnership between sugar farmer and CV Permata Satria. 3) knowing the level of
coconut sugar farmers' satisfaction with the partnership program.
The method of research used was the method of case studies. Case study
methods provide a detailed description and analysis of specific phenomena or
social units performed to gain a deeper understanding of the phenomenon. The
research location is at CV Permata Satria in Sumbang District, Banyumas Regency.
The research was conducted from May to June 2025 with the target of a sugar
farmer listed as partner on CV Permata Satria. The sample calculation using simple
random sampling technique resulted in 60 respondents. Data collection was carried
out using interview methods, questionnaires, observations, and literature studies.
The data analysis used includes the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA), and
descriptive analysis.
The research results show that: (1) The characteristics of farmers partner’s
CV Permata Satria is generally male in the span of 40 to 60 years spread across
five villages, that is, the Sokawera village, Kasegeran village, Jingkang village,
Pageragi village, and Batuanten village with farmers' land possessions commonly
use their own land, and can produce coconut sugar as high as 5,110 kg in a years.
(2) CV Permata Satria implemented a partnership system in agribusiness operating
cooperation (koa), such as socializing, providing production assistance, and
guaranteeing the needs of the coconut sugar farmers' market although the
distribution dominated by caulk (3) The results of the level of performance between
the coconut sugar farmer’s expectations with the partnership of CV Permata Satria
is 83 percent with several attributes which have yet to be relevant, so that they
should improve the selling price, companionship is easy to contact when needed,
and employment insurance facilities.
4678950186B1A021046EFEKTIVITAS KOMPOS TERFERMENTASI Trichoderma spp. ASAL TPST REMPOAH TERHADAP INTENSITAS PENYAKIT BUSUK PANGKAL BATANG Sclerotium rolfsii DAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN CABAICabai merupakan komoditas hortikultura bernilai ekonomis yang tidak memiliki substitusi. Penggunaan cabai pada skala rumah tangga sendiri mencapai 70% menunjukkan tingkat kebutuhan yang tinggi pada komoditas ini. Produksi cabai di Indonesia sendiri mengalami penurunan selama rentang tahun 2021 hingga 2023. Salah satu faktornya yaitu infeksi patogen Sclerotium rolfsii yang bisa menurunkan 54%. Agens pengendali hayati merupakan alternatif pengendalian patogen menggunakan mikroba antagonis salah satunya Trichoderma. Selain sebagai biokontrol, Trichoderma spp. menunjukkan kemampuan degradasi kompos. Penelitian pendahuluan mengisolasi Trichoderma spp. dari sampel tanah kompos dan kasgot asal TPST Rempoah. Permasalahan yang ada pada sampel yaitu timbulnya berbagai penyakit, termasuk busuk pangkal batang yang menurunkan hasil panen petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas kompos terfermentasi Trichoderma spp. dalam mengendalikan penyakit busuk pangkal batang Sclerotium rolfsii dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman cabai. Variabel yang dihitung selama penelitian yaitu periode inkubasi penyakit busuk pangkal batang Sclerotium rolfsii, tanaman bergejala busuk pangkal batang, jumlah daun, tinggi tanaman (cm), umur tanaman cabai saat bunga pertama muncul, bobot kering tanaman, dan pH media awal dan akhir masa tanam. Efektivitas kompos terfermentasi Trichoderma spp. dan pertumbuhan cabai dianalisis dengan analisis ragam ANOVA dengan tingkat kesalahan 5% perlakuan menunjukkan pengaruh nyata uji dilanjutkan dengan Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) dengan tingkat kesalahan 5%. Chilies are an economically valuable horticultural commodity with no substitutes. Household consumption of chili alone accounts for 70%, indicating a high level of demand for this commodity. Chili production in Indonesia has declined between 2021 and 2023. One of the factors is infection by the pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii, which can reduce production by 54%. Biological control agents are an alternative method of pathogen control using antagonistic microorganisms, one of which is Trichoderma. In addition to its role as a biocontrol agent, Trichoderma spp. demonstrates the ability to degrade compost. Preliminary research isolated Trichoderma spp. from compost soil samples and cashew nut shells from the Rempoah Waste Management Facility. The issues with the samples include the emergence of various diseases, including stem rot, which reduces farmers' yields. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Trichoderma spp.-fermented compost in controlling Sclerotium rolfsii stem rot and its impact on chili plant growth. The variables measured during the study included the incubation period of Sclerotium rolfsii stem rot disease, plants exhibiting stem rot symptoms, number of leaves, plant height (cm), age of chili plants at first flower emergence, dry weight of plants, and pH of the growing medium at the beginning and end of the growing period. The effectiveness of fermented Trichoderma spp. compost and chili growth were analyzed using ANOVA with a 5% error rate.
4679050187A1D021026APLIKASI PUPUK HAYATI SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGURANGAN DOSIS NPK SINTETIK TERHADAP MORFOLOGI DAN HASIL KACANG HIJAU (Vigna radiata L.) DI SCREENHOUSEKacang hijau (Vigna radiata L.) merupakan legum penting dan sumber protein nabati setelah kacang tanah dan kedelai. Pemenuhan nutrisi melalui pemupukan menjadi faktor kunci untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) Mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi pupuk hayati terhadap karakter morfologi dan hasil kacang hujau (Vigna radiata), serta pengurangan dosis NPK sintetik, 2) Mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi pupuk NPK sintetik terhadap karakter morfologi dan hasil kacang hijau (Vigna radiata), dan 3) Mengetahui interaksi antara pupuk hayati dan pupuk NPK sintetik terhadap karakter morfologi dan hasil kacang hijau (Vigna radiata). Penelitian dilaksanakan di screenhouse dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap dua faktor, masing-masing diulang tiga kali, faktor terdiri dari konsentrasi pupuk hayati (0, 50, dan 100 ml/L) dan dosis NPK (0%, 50%, dan 100%), masing-masing diulang tiga kali. Variabel morfologi yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, waktu berbunga, jumlah bunga, dan jumlah cabang, sedangkan variabel hasil meliputi jumlah polong, jumlah biji per polong, bobot biji per tanaman, bobot 100 biji, dan jumlah bintil akar. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk hayati 100 ml/L meningkatkan jumlah daun (3,37 helai), bunga (1,96), cabang (4,09), dan rata-rata biji per polong (6,38). Pupuk NPK 100% meningkatkan jumlah daun (3,45), cabang (4,37), dan biji per polong (6,58). Kombinasi pupuk hayati 100 ml/L + NPK 50% menghasilkan jumlah daun (3,53), waktu berbunga (37,16 HST), bunga (2,22), dan cabang (4,61). Meskipun tidak berbeda nyata pada variabel hasil, kombinasi tersebut mampu menghasilkan produktivitas setara dengan NPK penuh, sehingga berpotensi mengurangi penggunaan pupuk sintetik. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi pupuk hayati mendukung pertumbuhan stabil, menjaga hasil, dan mendorong sistem budidaya kacang hijau yang lebih efisien serta ramah lingkungan.Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) is an important legume crop and a valuable source of plant-based protein after groundnut and soybean. Proper nutrient management through fertilization is essential to improve growth and yield. The objectives of this study are: 1) To determine the effect of biological fertilizer application on the morphological characteristics and yield of green beans (Vigna radiata), as well as the reduction in synthetic NPK fertilizer dosage, 2) To determine the effect of synthetic NPK fertilizer application on the morphological characteristics and yield of green beans (Vigna radiata), and 3) To determine the interaction between organic fertilizer and synthetic NPK fertilizer on the morphological characteristics and yield of green beans (Vigna radiata). The experiment was conducted in a screenhouse using a Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors and three replications. The factors: biofertilizer concentration (0, 50, and 100 ml/L) and NPK dosage (0%, 50%, and 100%). Morphological variables observed included plant height, leaf number, flowering time, flower number, and branch number, while yield variables included pod number, seeds per pod, seed weight per plant, 100-seed weight, and root nodules. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (α = 5%). Results showed that 100 ml/L biofertilizer significantly increased leaf number (3.37), flower number (1.96), branch number (4.09), and average seeds per pod (6.38). Full NPK dosage (100%) significantly increased leaf number (3.45), branch number (4.37), and seeds per pod (6.58). The combination of 100 ml/L biofertilizer with 50% NPK enhanced leaf number (3.53), flowering time (37.16 days), flower number (2.22), and branch number (4.61). Although yield components were not significantly different, this combination produced yields comparable to full NPK, indicating potential to reduce synthetic fertilizer use. The findings suggest that biofertilizer integration can stabilize plant growth, maintain productivity, and support more sustainable mung bean cultivation.
4679150189J0A022040Internship Experiences of Indonesian Students as a Waiter at Sheraton Petaling Jaya Hotel Malaysia in Food and Beverage Feast departmentLaporan Tugas Akhir ini disusun berdasarkan praktek kerja lapangan yang dilaksanakan selama enam bulan di Sheraton Petaling Jaya hotel Malaysia. Tujuan utama dari pembuatan laporan magang ini yaitu untuk menjelaskan pengalaman magang di Sheraton Petaling jaya Malaysia, menjelaskan proses pembuatan buku saku yang berjudul “Internship Experiences of Indonesian Students at Sheraton Petaling Jaya hotel Malaysia as a Waiter in Food and Beverage Feast Department”, dan mengidentifikasikan masalah dan solusi dalam pembuatan buku saku. Buku saku ini diharapkan dapat menjadi sumber informasi dan inspirasi bagi mahasiswa Indonesia yang memiliki minat untuk mengikuti program magang di luar negeri. Dengan menyajikan cerita langsung dari pengalaman kerja di departemen F&B dan Front office sebagai pramusaji dan receptionist. Dalam melaksanakan praktek kerja, penulis menggunakan tiga metode yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi.Proses pembuatan buku saku memiliki beberapa tahap seperti pra-penulisan, penyusunan , revisi, pengeditan, dan penerbitan adapun hasil praktik kerja lapa di Sheraton Petaling Jaya hotel Malaysia adalah buku saku yang berisi pengalaman dari penulis dalam melaksanakan kegiatan magang internasional yang ditujukan untuk para mahasiswa lain yang ingin melakukan kegiatan magang internasional juga. Ada beberapa kendala yang dihadapi oleh penulis yaitu kurangnya pengalaman penulis dalam membuat suatu buku, pembuatan isi buku, dan kurangnya dokumentasi oleh penulis. Untuk mengatasi hal ini penulis mencoba belajar mengenai desain grafis melalu berbagai platform social media, selalu berkonsultasi dengan dosen pembimbing, dan juga meminta dokumentasi kepada teman penulis yang melakukan kegiatan magang di tempat yang sama.This final project report is based on a six-month internship that I carried out at the Sheraton Petaling Jaya Hotel in Malaysia. The main purposes of this project report are to explain my internship experience at Sheraton Petaling Jaya Malaysia, describe the process of creating a pocket book entitled “Internship Experiences of Indonesian Students at Sheraton Petaling Jaya Hotel Malaysia as Waiters in the Food and Beverage Department”, and identify the problems and solutions I encountered during the book-making process. This pocket book is expected to serve as a source of information and inspiration for Indonesian students who are interested in joining overseas internship programs. By sharing real stories from the work experience in the Food & Beverage and Front Office departments as a waiter and receptionist, it is hoped to give readers a clear insight into the internship journey.During the internship, there are three methods: observation, interviews, and documentation. The process of creating the pocket book involved several stages, including pre-writing, drafting, revising, editing, and publishing. The is a pocket book that contains my personal experiences during the international internship, which is intended to help and encourage other students who wish to take part in similar programs.I faced several challenges during the process, such as the lack of experience in writing a book, difficulties in developing the content, and limited documentation. To overcome these obstacles, I learned about graphic design through various social media platforms, regularly consulted with my academic advisor, and asked for documentation from friends who were also doing their internship at the same place.
4679250190B1A021077KAJIAN MIKROPLASTIK PADA KERANG SUMPIL Faunus ater (Linnaeus, 1758) DI PERAIRAN MANGROVE KULON PROGO YOGYAKARTAMikroplastik merupakan partikel kecil yang tersebar di lingkungan pesisir dan dapat terakumulasi di air, sedimen, dan organisme laut. Faunus ater sebagai deposit feeder rentan menelan mikroplastik karena tidak dapat membedakannya dari makanan. Spesies ini hidup di dasar perairan berlumpur dengan serasah sebagai sumber makanannya, sehingga berpotensi tinggi terpapar mikroplastik. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan kelimpahan serta mendeskripsikan karakteristik fisik dan kimia mikroplastik pada air, sedimen, dan F. ater di mangrove Kulon Progo, DI Yogyakarta.
Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di perairan mangrove Kulon Progo, DI Yogyakarta, pada empat stasiun yang dipilih secara purposive, mewakili dua sisi sungai utama. Penelitian ini berlangsung dari September 2024 hingga Juli 2025, dengan pengambilan dilakukan saat pasang dan surut pada fase bulan sabit tua. Analisis kelimpahan mikroplastik dilakukan secara deskriptif komparatif, kemudian diuji secara statistik menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan Mann-Whitney. Karakteristik mikroplastik dianalisis berdasarkan bentuk, warna, dan ukuran, serta jenis polimer untuk mengetahui komposisi kimianya.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan mikroplastik terbanyak ditemukan pada F. ater, diikuti oleh sedimen dan air. Uji Kruskal-Wallis dan Mann-Whitney menunjukkan adanya perbedaan kelimpahan mikroplastik antar ketiga media, yang mencerminkan distribusi mikroplastik tidak merata. Mikroplastik yang ditemukan memiliki berbagai bentuk seperti fragmen, fiber, film, foam, granule, dan pelet, dengan fragmen sebagai bentuk yang paling banyak ditemukan. Warna yang teridentifikasi cukup beragam, namun warna cokelat paling sering muncul di semua jenis sampel. Ukuran mikroplastik berbeda antar media, dengan ukuran terbesar ditemukan pada air, diikuti sedimen dan F. ater. Jenis polimer yang paling umum adalah polypropylene (PP) dan polyethylene (PE), yang ditemukan hampir di seluruh sampel dari ketiga media.		Microplastics are small plastic particles that are widely distributed in coastal environments and can accumulate in water, sediment, and marine organisms. Faunus ater, as a deposit feeder, is vulnerable to ingesting microplastics because it cannot distinguish them from food. This species lives on the muddy bottoms of aquatic environments, with leaf litter as its main food source, making it highly exposed to microplastic contamination. This study aims to compare the abundance and describe the physical and chemical characteristics of microplastics in water, sediment, and F. ater in the mangrove area of Kulon Progo, DI Yogyakarta.
Sampling was conducted at four stations in the Kulon Progo mangrove area, DI Yogyakarta, selected purposively to represent both sides of the main river. The study was carried out from September 2024 to July 2025, with sampling conducted during high and low tides in the waning crescent moon phase. Microplastic abundance was analyzed using a descriptive comparative approach and statistically tested using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Microplastic characteristics were analyzed based on shape, color, and size, as well as polymer type to determine their chemical composition.
The results of the study showed that the most abundance of microplastics was found in F. ater, followed by sediment and water. The Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests indicated differences in microplastic abundance among the three media, reflecting an uneven distribution. The microplastics identified came in various forms such as fragments, fibers, films, foams, granules, and pellets, and fragments is the most common. The colors observed were quite diverse, but brown appeared most frequently across all samples. Microplastic sizes varied between media, with the largest sizes found in water, followed by sediment and F. ater. The most commonly identified polymers were polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE), which were present in almost all samples across the three media.
4679350191F1A020016IMPLEMENTASI DANA PKH DI BIDANG PENDIDIKAN DAN PERSEPSI BURUH TANI PENERIMA MANFAAT PKH TENTANG PENDIDIKAN DI DUKUH BUNTIT DESA TUMBREP KECAMATAN BANDAR KABUPATEN BATANG Penelitian ini mengkaji implementasi dana Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) di bidang pendidikan dan persepsi buruh tani penerima manfaat PKH tentang pendidikan di Dukuh Buntit, Desa Tumbrep, Kecamatan Bandar, Kabupaten Batang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk implementasi dana PKH di bidang pendidikan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pendidikan anak-anak dari keluarga buruh tani penerima manfaat PKH serta mendeskripsikan persepsi buruh tani penerima manfaat PKH tentang pendidikan dalam mendorong mereka untuk meningkatkan pendidikan anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dengan melakukan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Teori persepsi dari Gibson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dana PKH di bidang pendidikan dimanfaatkan terutama untuk membeli perlengkapan sekolah, membayar SPP, dan sebagian kecil untuk kebutuhan rumah tangga setelah kebutuhan pendidikan terpenuhi. Persepsi buruh tani terhadap pendidikan cenderung positif, dengan pandangan bahwa pendidikan merupakan modal penting untuk mencapai cita-cita dan memperbaiki kondisi ekonomi keluarga di masa depan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa implementasi dana PKH berjalan efektif dalam mendukung pendidikan anak buruh tani, meskipun masih diperlukan peningkatan sosialisasi program untuk memperkuat pemahaman penerima manfaat mengenai tujuan dan manfaat PKH.This study examines the implementation of Family Hope Program (PKH) funds in the education sector and the perceptions of farmer laborers who are PKH beneficiaries regarding education in Dukuh Buntit, Tumbrep Village, Bandar District, Batang Regency. The aim of this research is to describe the implementation of PKH funds in the education sector in meeting the educational needs of children from farmer laborer families who are PKH beneficiaries, as well as to describe their perceptions of education in encouraging them to improve their children's education. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. This study applies Gibson's perception theory. The findings show that PKH funds in the education sector are primarily used to purchase school supplies, pay tuition fees, and, to a lesser extent, for household needs after the children's educational needs are met. The perceptions of farmer laborers toward education tend to be positive, viewing education as an essential capital for achieving aspirations and improving the family's economic condition in the future. This study concludes that the implementation of PKH funds has been effective in supporting the education of farmer laborers’ children, although there is still a need to enhance program socialization to strengthen beneficiaries’ understanding of the objectives and benefits of PKH.
4679450192E1A020202IMPLEMENTASI HUKUM PEMGAWASAN PENGELOLAAN AMBULAN RELAWANPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi hukum pengawasan terhadap pengelolaan ambulan relawan di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Purbalingga dan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap implementasi hukum pengawasan terhadap pengelolaan ambulan relawan di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Purbalingga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris, dan spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif. Lokasi dari penelitian ini dilakukan di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Purbalingga. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Metode pengumpulan data primer dengan wawancara sedangkan data sekunder dengan studi pustaka. Metode pengolahan data dengan reduksi data, kategorisasi data, dan display data. Penyajian data dalam bentuk teks naratif dan matriks kualitatif. Metode analisis data dilakukan secara analisis kualitatif menggunakan content analysis dan comparative analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi hukum pengawasan terhadap pengelolaan ambulan relawan di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Purbalingga belum sepenuhnya terimplementasi dengan baik. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari paramter meliputi belum optimalnya pengawasan tujuan penggunaan ambulan relawan; belum optimalnya pengawasan persyaratan teknis ambulan relawan; baiknya implementasi pengawasan terhadap alat medis; baiknya implementasi pengawasan pelaksanaan standard operating procedur (sop) petugas ambulan; baiknya implementasi pengawasan terhadap tata tertib penggunaan ambulan relawan. Faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap implementasi hukum pengawasan terhadap pengelolaan ambulan relawan di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Purbalingga berupa faktor hukumnya sendiri meliputi: peraturan yang belum cukup jelas, banyaknya ambulan yang tidak mengikuti standar sirine dan penggunaan lampu isyarat; faktor penegak hukum yaitu ketidakpatuhan pengelola terhadap aturan yang ada; faktor sarana dan prasarana meliputi tersedianya alat medis dasar seperti tabung oksigen dan kotak P3K; faktor masyarakat meliputi: akses mudah ke jasa ambulan relawan; faktor kebudayaan meliputi: adanya program pelatihan untuk pengemudi ambulan, adanya pengalaman langsung di lapangan, adanya dukungan tenaga ahli dari Dinas Kesehatan.This study aims to determine the implementation of the law on supervision of the management of volunteer ambulances in the Purbalingga District Health Office and the factors that influence the implementation of the law on supervision of the management of volunteer ambulances in the Purbalingga District Health Office. This study uses a qualitative research method with an empirical juridical approach, and descriptive research specifications. The location of this study was conducted at the Purbalingga District Health Office. The types of data used are primary data and secondary data. The primary data collection method is by interview while the secondary data is by literature study. The data processing method is by data reduction, data categorization, and data display. The presentation of data is in the form of narrative text and qualitative matrix. The data analysis method is carried out by qualitative analysis using content analysis and comparative analysis. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the law on supervision of the management of volunteer ambulances in the Purbalingga District Health Office has not been fully implemented well. This can be seen from the parameters including the less than optimal supervision of the purpose of using volunteer ambulances; less than optimal supervision of the technical requirements of volunteer ambulances; good implementation of supervision of medical equipment; good implementation of supervision of the implementation of standard operating procedures (SOPs) for ambulance officers; good implementation of supervision of the rules and regulations for using volunteer ambulances. Factors that influence the implementation of legal supervision of the management of volunteer ambulances at the Purbalingga District Health Office include legal factors, including: regulations that are not clear enough, many ambulances that do not follow the standards for sirens and the use of signal lights; law enforcement factors, namely non-compliance by managers with existing regulations; facilities and infrastructure factors include the availability of basic medical equipment such as oxygen cylinders and first aid kits; community factors include: easy access to volunteer ambulance services; cultural factors include: the existence of training programs for ambulance drivers, direct experience in the field, the existence of expert support from the Health Office
4679550194A1F021005OPTIMASI BAHAN PENSTABIL CMC DAN SUKROSA PADA PEMBUATAN MINUMAN SARI BUAH MELON "SUB-GRADE" MENGGUNAKAN SIMPLEX LATTICE DESIGNProduksi melon di Kabupaten Banyumas pada tahun 2024 tergolong tinggi. Namun, pada setiap satu periode panen buah melon terdapat beberapa buah melon yang tidak sempurna. Buah tidak sempurna tersebut dapat dikatakan sebagai buah sub grade. Buah sub grade adalah buah yang memiliki ukuran, warna, kenampakan diluar grade (tidak sempurna) dan dijual dengan harga yang rendah sehingga dapat menimbulkan kerugian bagi petani. Pengolahan buah melon sub grade menjadi suatu produk seperti minuman sari buah dapat meningkatkan daya jual dari buah melon sub grade. Minuman sari buah merupakan salah satu bentuk olahan minuman berbasis buah yang digemari karena rasa dan kesegarannya. Namun, minuman sari buah memiliki kelemahan dalam sifat fisiknya seperti terjadi pengendapan dan penurunan kualitas sensori selama penyimpanan. Salah satu, upaya untuk mencegah dan mengurangi endapan tersebut yaitu dengan penambahan bahan penstabil. Bahan penstabil yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah CMC, selain itu pada penelitian ini ditambahkan sukrosa untuk meingkatkan cita rasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui proporsi optimum penambahan bahan penstabil CMC dan sukrosa dalam pembuatan minuman sari buah melon sub grade; (2) melakukan karakterisasi kimia dan sensori minuman sari buah melon sub grade yang dihasilkan dari formulasi terbaik; (3) melakukan evaluasi antara minuman sari buah berbahan dasar melon sub grade dengan minuman sari buah dari melon normal. Penelitian ini menggunakan software Design Expert v.13 dengan metode Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) yang terdiri dari 2 faktor dan menghasilkan 10 kombinasi perlakuan.
Optimasi yang dilakukan menghasilkan proporsi optimum yang direkomendasi oleh software Design Expert v.13 yaitu proporsi penambahan bahan penstabil CMC sebesar 0,03% dan sukrosa 10,97%. Proporsi tersebut mengasilkan viskositas pada minuman sari buah melon sub grade 3,56 cP dan Total Padatan Terlarut (TPT) 14,73°Brix. Karakteristik minuman sari buah melon sub grade dari formula terbaik memiliki kadar total gula 5,25% dan pH 4. Karakteristik secara sensori memiliki warna hijau hingga sangat hijau, aroma fruty khas melon yang agak kuat hingga kuat, rasa enak hingga enak, tekstur dengan tingkat kekentalan yang ringan yaitu agak kental hingga encer, serta secara kesukaan panelis suka hingga suka terhadap produk minuman sari buah melon. Hasil evaluasi produk setelah membandingkan dengan kontrol internal bahwa produk minuman sari buah melon sub grade tidak memiliki perbedaan signifikan dengan produk minuman sari buah melon normal.
Melon production in Banyumas Regency in 2024 is relatively high. However, in every melon harvest period, there are some imperfect melons. The imperfect fruit can be said to be a sub-grade fruit. Sub-grade fruits are fruits that have an unfinished size, color, and appearance, and are sold at a low price, so that they can cause losses for farmers. The processing of sub-grade melons into a product such as juice drinks can increase the marketability of sub-grade melons. Fruit juice drink is a form of processed fruit-based drink that is popular because of its taste and freshness. However, cider drinks have disadvantages in their physical properties, such as deposition and decreased sensory quality during storage. One of the efforts to prevent and reduce these deposits is by adding stabilizing materials. The stabilizing ingredient used in this study is CMC; besides that, sucrose was added to improve the taste. This study aims to: (1) determine the optimal proportion of the addition of CMC and sucrose stabilizers in the manufacture of sub grade melon juice drinks; (2) conducting chemical and sensory characterization of sub-grade melon juice drinks produced from the best formulations; (3) Evaluate the relationship between cider drinks made from sub-grade melons and fruit juice drinks from normal melons. This study uses Design Expert v.13 software with the Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) method, which consists of 2 factors and produces 10 treatment combinations.
The optimization carried out resulted in the optimal proportion recommended by the Design Expert v.13 software, namely the proportion of adding CMC stabilizers of 0.03% and sucrose of 10.97%. This proportion produces a viscosity in melon juice drink sub grade 3.56 cP and Total Dissolved Solids (TPT) of 14.83°Brix. The characteristics of the sub-grade melon juice drink from the best formula have a total sugar content of 5.25% and a pH of 4. The sensory characteristics have a green to very green color, the typical fruity aroma of melons, which is somewhat strong to strong, to delicious taste, a texture with a light level of viscosity, which is somewhat thick to dilute, and the panelists like melon juice drink products. The results of the product evaluation after comparing with internal control showed that sub-grade melon juice drink products did not have significant differences from normal melon juice drink products.
4679650195J1B021058Ketepatan Artikulasi Produksi Bunyi dan Perubahan Bunyi pada Anak Disabilitas Intelektual: Studi Kasus ABDPAnak dengan disabilitas intelektual kerap mengalami hambatan pemerolehan bahasa yang berdampak pada ketepatan produksi bunyi dan kemunculan perubahan bunyi. Dalam kerangka psikolinguistik, pemerolehan fonologi menjadi aspek penting untuk memahami perkembangan bahasa anak, terutama pada kategori layak latih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan ketepatan artikulasi produksi bunyi dan jenis perubahan bunyi yang muncul pada anak dengan disabilitas intelektual. Subjek penelitian adalah seorang anak laki-laki berusia 7 tahun 6 bulan dengan kondisi kesulitan mengucapkan bunyi tertentu. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus, mengacu pada teori pemerolehan fonologi, dan memanfaatkan teknik observasi, wawancara, serta perekaman ujaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek mampu menghasilkan berbagai bunyi vokal dan konsonan sesuai fonotaktik bahasa Indonesia dengan tepat, namun masih terdapat kesalahan pelafalan pada bunyi kluster dan diftong. Selain itu, teridentifikasi bentuk perubahan bunyi seperti asimilasi, zeroisasi, modifikasi vokal, dll. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa hambatan fonologis yang dialami subjek memerlukan penanganan melalui terapi wicara untuk meningkatkan ketepatan artikulasi dan memperluas kemampuan fonologis.Children with intellectual disabilities often experience language acquisition barriers that affect the accuracy of sound production and lead to various sound changes. Within the framework of psycholinguistics, phonological acquisition is a crucial aspect for understanding language development, particularly in the trainable category. This study aims to describe the accuracy of sound production and the types of sound changes observed in a child with intellectual disabilities. The research subject was a 7-year-6-month-old boy who had difficulty pronouncing certain sounds. The study employed a qualitative descriptive method with a case study design, drawing on phonological acquisition theory and utilizing observation, interviews, and speech recordings. The findings indicate that the subject was able to produce a range of vowel and consonant sounds accurately according to the phonotactic rules of Indonesian, although pronunciation errors were still present in cluster and diphthong sounds. Additionally, several types of sound changes were identified, including assimilation, zeroization, and vowel modification. These findings underscore that the phonological challenges faced by the subject require targeted speech therapy to improve articulation accuracy and broaden phonological skills.
4679750196F1D021048Pelabelan "Chindo" Terhadap Etnis Tionghoa di Indonesia Masa Kini Dalam Perspektif Nasionalisme dan EtnisitasPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis fenomena pelabelan "Chindo"
terhadap etnis Tionghoa di Indonesia dengan menggunakan metode path
dependence. Menggunakan paradigma konstruktivisme dan perspektif
strukturalis, penelitian ini menelusuri sejarah panjang hubungan etnis Tionghoa
di Indonesia melalui beberapa periode penting: masa sebelum kemerdekaan,
Orde Lama, Orde Baru, Reformasi, dan setelah reformasi. Pendekatan path
dependence digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi antecedent conditions, cleavage,
critical juncture, aftermath, dan legacy dari hubungan tersebut, sehingga dapat
dipahami bagaimana dinamika sosial, politik, dan budaya telah membentuk
persepsi terhadap etnis Tionghoa. Dengan menggunakan kerangka imagined
community Benedict Anderson, dapat digunakan dalam memahami bagaimana
bangsa Indonesia dibayangkan sebagai entitas homogen yang mengecualikan
identitas etnis tertentu. Dalam konteks ini, pelabelan “Chindo” mencerminkan
posisi etnis Tionghoa sebagai “the other” dalam narasi kebangsaan kontemporer.
Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelabelan "Chindo" merupakan warisan
sejarah segregasi, namun kini mengalami transformasi makna oleh generasi
muda Tionghoa. Melalui media sosial, istilah ini digunakan secara afirmatif untuk
mengekspresikan identitas dan kebanggaan etnis, menandai munculnya
nasionalisme baru yang lebih inklusif dalam ranah digital. 		This research aims to analyze the phenomenon of labeling "Chindo" towards the
Chinese ethnic group in Indonesia using the path dependence method. Employing
the constructivist paradigm and structuralist perspective, this research traces the
long history of the relationship between the Chinese ethnic group in Indonesia
through several important periods: the pre-independence era, the Old Order, the
New Order, the Reform era, and the post-Reform period. The path dependence
approach is used to identify the antecedent conditions, cleavage, critical juncture,
aftermath, and legacy of this relationship, thus allowing an understanding of how
social, political, and cultural dynamics have shaped perceptions of the Chinese
ethnic group. By using Benedict Anderson's imagined community framework, it
can be applied to understand how the Indonesian nation is imagined as a
homogeneous entity that excludes certain ethnic identities. In this context, the
labeling of “Chindo” reflects the position of the Chinese ethnic group as “the
other” in contemporary national narratives. The findings of this research indicate
that the labeling of "Chindo" is a legacy of historical segregation, but it has now
undergone a transformation of meaning by the younger generation of Chinese
Indonesians. Through social media, this term is used affirmatively to express
ethnic identity and pride, marking the emergence of a new and more inclusive
nationalism in the digital sphere.
4679850197F1F019037Analisis Penolakan Republik Ceko Terhadap Amandemen EU Firearms Directive oleh Komisi Uni EropaPenolakan Republik Ceko terhadap Amandemen EU Firearms Directive 2017/853 menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai konsistensi sikap negara anggota Uni Eropa terhadap harmonisasi kebijakan supranasional, khususnya di bidang keamanan. Untuk memahami sikap resistif tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan foreign policy dan konsep compliance dengan menelaah dua aspek utama: dinamika kepentingan nasional domestik serta relasi antara otoritas nasional dan supranasional. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa penolakan awal Republik Ceko didorong oleh kekhawatiran terhadap hilangnya otonomi kebijakan domestik, tekanan dari aktor-aktor domestik, serta upaya melindungi industri strategis senjata api. Meskipun demikian, realitas politik dan keterikatan terhadap kerangka hukum Uni Eropa mendorong Ceko mengambil langkah kompromistis melalui kepatuhan parsial. Langkah ini bukan bentuk penolakan total terhadap integrasi regional, melainkan adaptasi rasional untuk mempertahankan kepentingan nasional dalam konteks regulasi supranasional. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya memahami interaksi antara kepentingan domestik dan logika integrasi regional dalam membaca arah kebijakan negara anggota Uni Eropa.The Czech Republic's rejection of the EU Firearms Directive 2017/853 amendment raises questions about the consistency of EU member states' attitudes toward the harmonization of supranational policies, particularly in the field of security. To understand this resistant stance, this research uses a foreign policy approach and the concept of compliance by examining two main aspects: the dynamics of domestic national interests and the relationship between national and supranational authorities. The analysis shows that the Czech Republic's initial rejection was driven by concerns over the loss of domestic policy autonomy, pressure from domestic actors, and an effort to protect the strategic firearms industry. Nevertheless, political realities and a commitment to the EU legal framework prompted the Czechs to take a compromise step through partial compliance. This move was not a total rejection of regional integration but a rational adaptation to maintain national interests within the context of supranational regulations. This finding emphasizes the importance of understanding the interaction between domestic interests and the logic of regional integration when interpreting the policy direction of EU member states.
4679950198B1A021093Studi Verifikasi Angka Lempeng Total dan Uji Mikroorganisme Patogen dengan Variasi Konsentrasi pada Produk Sabun Mandi Cair di PT ReckittSabun mandi cair termasuk dalam produk kosmetik yang diformulasikan untuk pemakaian bagian luar tubuh manusia dengan tujuan untuk membersihkan tubuh, mengharumkan tubuh, merawat kulit, mengatasi bau badan, dan/atau menawarkan perlindungan kulit. PT Reckitt merupakan perusahaan multinasional yang bergerak di bidang manufaktur barang konsumen yang berfokus pada produk kesehatan, higienitas, dan nutrisi. Salah satu produk kesehatan yang diproduksi oleh PT Reckitt adalah sabun mandi cair Dettol Body Wash. PT Reckitt harus memastikan bahwa produk yang diproduksi mencapai sasaran mutu secara mikrobiologis, sehingga dilakukan studi verifikasi terhadap produk Dettol Body Wash Ice Power dengan formulasi baru. Studi verifikasi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat konsentrasi sampel yang memberikan hasil yang memenuhi spesifikasi dan pengaruh konsentrasi sampel yang dipakai terhadap pertumbuhan mikrooganisme uji yang digunakan serta uji konfirmasi melalui karakter makromorfologi dan mikromorfologi.
Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi PT Reckitt dengan metode eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dua faktor, yaitu variasi konsentrasi sampel (K) dan beberapa reference strain mikroorganisme uji (M). Variabel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari variabel bebas dan variabel terikat. Variabel bebas, yaitu penggunaan variasi konsentrasi sabun mandi cair dan mikroorganisme uji yang berbeda. Sedangkan, variabel terikat adalah perbedaan jumlah mikroba pada sampel Positive Control of Product (PCP) dan Positive Control (PC). Parameter utama pada penelitian ini adalah jumlah mikroba pada sampel PCP dan sampel PC, sedangkan parameter pendukungnya adalah persentase microbial recovery, karakteristik koloni mikroorganisme uji pada sampel PCP dan sampel PC serta hasil uji konfirmasi karakter makromorfologi dan mikromorfologi. Data hasil eksperimen dianalisis menggunakan uji Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dua arah (p-value 0.05), lalu dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) (alpha 0.05) menggunakan software SPSS, sedangkan data kualitatif dianalisis secara deskriptif komparatif menggunakan Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology 9th Edition dan Introductory Mycology untuk uji konfirmasi melalui karakterisasi makromorfologi dan mikromorfologi.
Tingkat konsentrasi 1% menunjukkan hasil persentase microbial recovery yang berada dalam rentang kriteria penerimaan melalui metode ALT dan Staphylococcus aureus yang termasuk dalam bakteri Gram positif merupakan kelompok mikrooganisme yang paling sensitif terhadap agen antimikroba dengan rerata jumlah mikroba pada sampel PCP sebanyak 28,13 koloni. Karakteristik koloni mikroorganisme pada sampel PCP serupa dengan sampel PC berdasarkan metode pengujian untuk mikroorganisme patogen. Hasil uji konfirmasi melalui karakterisasi makromorfologi serta mikromorfologi mikroorganisme uji menunjukkan hasil yang sesuai dengan referensi Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology 9th Edition dan Introductory Mycology.		Liquid body wash is classified as a cosmetic product designed for application on the external parts of the human body, with the purpose of cleansing, providing fragrance, caring for the skin, addressing body odour, and/or offering skin protection. PT Reckitt is a multinational company engaged in the manufacturing of consumer goods, focusing on health, hygiene, and nutrition products. One of the health products produced by PT Reckitt is the Dettol Body Wash. The company must ensure that the products manufactured meet microbiological quality standards; therefore, a verification study is conducted on the Dettol Body Wash Ice Power with new formulation. This verification study aims to determine the concentration level of the sample that meets the specifications and to assess the effect of the sample concentration on the growth of the test microorganisms used, as well as to conduct confirmation tests through macromorphological and micromorphological characteristics.
The research was conducted at Microbiology Laboratory of PT Reckitt using an experimental method with factorial completely randomized design (CRD) involving two factors: variations in sample concentration (K) and several reference strains of test microorganisms (M). The variables in this study consist of independent and dependent variables. The independent variables are the variations in the concentration of liquid soap and the different test microorganisms. Meanwhile, the dependent variable is the difference in the number of microbes in Positive Control of Product (PCP) dan Positive Control (PC) samples. The main parameters of the study are the number of microbes in the PCP and PC samples, while the supporting parameters include the percentage of microbial recovery, the characteristics of the test microorganism colonies in PCP and PC samples, as well as the results of the confirmation tests for macromorphological and micromorphological characteristics. The experimental data were analyzed using two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) (p-value 0.05) and followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) (alpha 0.05) using SPSS software, while qualitative data were analyzed descriptively and comparatively using Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology 9th Edition and Introductory Mycology for confirmation tests through macromorphological and micromorphological characterization.
The concentration level of 1% showed a microbial recovery percentage that falls within the acceptance criteria using the ALT method, and Staphylococcus aureus, which is classified as a Gram-positive bacteria, is the group of microorganisms most sensitive to the antimicrobial agent, with an average microbial count in the PCP sample of 28.13 colonies. The characteristics of the microorganism colonies in the PCP sample are similar to those in the PC sample based on the testing methods for pathogenic microorganisms. The results of the confirmation tests through macromorphological and micromorphological characterization of the test microorganisms align with the references from Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology 9th Edition and Introductory Mycology.
4680050199E1A018079ERROR IN PERSONA SEBAGAI DASAR PERMOHONAN
PRAPERADILAN
(Studi Putusan Perkara Nomor 10/Pid.Pra/2024/PN Bdg)		Penelitian ini mengkaji Error in persona sebagai dasar hukum pengajuan
praperadilan, dengan fokus pada Putusan Nomor 10/Pid.Pra/2024/PN Bandung.
Error in persona adalah kesalahan penetapan tersangka akibat identitas keliru yang
berpotensi melanggar hak asasi manusia dan prinsip due process of law. Metode
yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan undang-undang dan
studi kasus, serta analisis kualitatif dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier.
Hasil menunjukkan Error in persona sah dijadikan alasan praperadilan sesuai Pasal
77 KUHAP dan Putusan MK Nomor 21/PUU-XII/2014. Hakim mengabulkan
permohonan karena penetapan tersangka tanpa dua alat bukti sah dan tanpa
pemeriksaan langsung. Kesimpulannya, putusan ini memperkuat perlindungan hak
tersangka dan fungsi praperadilan sebagai kontrol aparat penegak hukum.		This study examines Error in persona as a legal basis for filing a pretrial motion,
focusing on Decision Number 10/Pid.Pra/2024/PN Bandung. Error in persona
refers to the mistake in suspect designation due to incorrect identity, which has the
potential to violate human rights and the principle of due process of law. The
method used is normative juridical with a statutory and case study approach, as
well as qualitative analysis of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The
results show that Error in persona is valid as a reason for pretrial according to
Article 77 of the Criminal Procedure Code and Constitutional Court Decision
Number 21/PUU-XII/2014. The judge granted the motion because the suspect was
designated without two valid pieces of evidence and without direct examination. In
conclusion, this decision strengthens the protection of suspects’ rights and the
function of the pretrial process as a control over law enforcement officers.