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208111793D1E011088HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK INDIVIDU PETERNAK DENGAN TINGKAT ADOPSI TEKNOLOGI INTENSIFIKASI PETERNAK AYAM KAMPUNG DI KABUPATEN PURBALINGGAPenelitian berjudul Hubungan Karakteristik Individu Peternak dengan Tingkat Adopsi Teknologi Intensifikasi Peternak Ayam Kampung Di Kabupaten Purbalingga dilaksanakan mulai bulan Februari 2015 sampai Maret 2015.Penelitian dengan tujuan: 1) Mengetahui kondisi kategori karakteristik peternak ayam kampung di Kabupaten Purbalingga, 2) Mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan adopsi teknologi intensifikasi peternak ayam kampung di kabupaten purbalingga, dan 3) Menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik individu dengan tingkat adopsi teknologi peternak ayam kampung di Kabupaten Purbalingga. Penetapan sampel wilayah menggunakan metode Purposive Sampling yaitu dengan memilih kecamatan yang memiliki populasi ayam kampung paling paling banyak, yaitu Kecamatan Kemangkon diwakili Desa Senon, Kecamatan Kutasari diwakili Desa Limbangan dan Kecamatan Bukateja diwakili Desa Kutawis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat adopsi teknologi peternak ayam kampung terhadap paket anjuran termasuk kedalam kategori nyata tetapi sedang.Kondisi ini mengindikasikan bahwa tidak semua paket anjuran dapat dilakukan oleh peternak. Karakteristik individu yaitu umur, pendidikan dan pendapatan kedudukannya seimbang yaitu dengan nilai keeratan hubungan variabel umur (rs = 0,471*), pendidikan (rs = 0,501*) dan pendapatan (rs = 0,490*) memiliki hubungan yang nyata (P<0,05) dengan tingkat adopsi teknologi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan implikasi arahan kebijakan yang terkait dengan peningkatan adopsi teknologi anjuran berupa perlunya perhatian lebih tentang karakteristik individu peternak, peningkatan sosialisasi oleh pihak yang berwenang serta penelitian dan pengkajian lebih lanjut serta mendalam terhadap faktor-faktor lain yang berpotensi mempengaruhi tingkat adopsi teknologi.The study entitledcorrelation of individual farmer characteristic with adopted level of intensification technology of native chicken farmer in Purbalingga Regency implementedstarting in February 2015 until March 2015. The aims of the research were : 1) to find out the condition of characteristic category of native chicken farmer in Purbalingga Regency. 2) to know the achievement level of adopted intensification technology of native chicken farmer in Purbalingga Regency, and then 3) to analyze the correlation between individual characteristic with adopted level of technology of native chicken farmer in Purbalingga Regency. The study was conducted by survey method. Research targets are commercial native chicken farms in Purbalingga. Determination of the sample areas using purposive sampling methods was to choose adistrict that has a population ofnative chicken at most, the areas consisted of several villages such as Senon Village representated Kemangkon District, Limbangan Village representated Kutasari District, and Kutawis Village representated Bukateja District. The research result showed that adoption level of native chicken farmer technology for recommendation package and included in significant category and medium position. The condition indicated that was not all of those recommendations could be applied by the farmer. Individual characteristics involved age, education and income that were balance with correlation tightness value, age variable (RS = 0,471*), education level variable (RS = 0,501*) and income variable (RS = 0,490*) had a significant correlation (P<0,05) with adoption technology level. The research implicated several policies that related to the improverments of recommendation technology adoption. Such as 1) giving more attention about individual farmer individual characteristic, 2) increasing intensity of knowledge by the officer and 3) conducting further research of abservation more focus on other factors that influence technology adoption level.
208211794F1C011060KOMUNIKASI ANTARPRIBADI ORANG TUA DENGAN ANAK AUTIS PESERTA DIDIK SLB C & C1 YAYASAN KESEJAHTERAAN USAHA TAMA PURWOKERTO
 Autisme merupakan salah satu bentuk gangguan tumbuh kembang, berupa sekumpulan gejala akibat adanya kelainan syaraf-syaraf tertentu yang menyebabkan fungsi otak tidak dapat bekerja secara normal sehingga memengaruhi tumbuh kembang, kemampuan berkomunikasi, dan kemampuan interaksi sosial seseorang. Autisme dapat diartikan lebih sederhana yaitu sikap anak yang cenderung suka menyendiri karena terlalu menikmati dunianya sendiri. Komunikasi antarpribadi merupakan komunikasi antar dua orang atau sekelompok orang secara tatap muka, yang memungkinkan setiap pesertanya menangkap reaksi orang lain secara langsung, baik secara verbal maupun nonverbal. Anak autis mengalami kesulitan berkomunikasi secara verbal.
Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses komunikasi antarpribadi orang tua dengan anak autis peserta didik SLB C & C1 YAKUT Purwokerto. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif, dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan model analisis interaktif melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Validitas data menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Subyek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 6 key informan dan 1 informan pendukung. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Teori Interaksi Simbolik.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa proses komunikasi antarpribadi orang tua dengan anak autis terjadi melalui pesan verbal dan nonverbal. Komunikasi verbal orang tua dengan anak autis menggunakan kalimat yang singkat, jelas dan sederhana serta menggunakan satu bahasa yaitu bahasa Indonesia. Komunikasi nonverbal orang tua dengan anak autis menggunakan bahasa tubuh, prabahasa (kecepatan bicara), dan sentuhan.		 Autism is one form of growth disorders, such as a set of symptoms from abnormalities of certain nerves that lead to brain function can’t work normally so that affect growth and development, communication skills, and the ability of a person's social interaction. Autism can be defined more simply the attitude of children who tend to be aloof because too enjoy a world of its own. Interpersonal communication is communication between two people or a group of people will face to face, which allows each participant capture reactions of others directly, either verbal and nonverbal. Children autism have difficulty communicating verbally.
The purpose of this research is to know the process of interpersonal communication parents with children autism learners SLB C & C1 YAKUT Purwokerto. The method used in this research is qualitative research method, with the type of qualitative descriptive research. Methods of data collection is done by in-depth interviews and observation. Data analysis conducted with a model of interactive analysis through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The validity of data using triangulation resources. Subjects in this research amounted 6 key informants and 1 informant support. The theory used in this research is the Theory of Symbolic Interaction.
The results showed that the process of interpersonal communication parents with children autism occurs through verbal and nonverbal messages. Verbal communication parents with children autism using short sentences, clear and simple and use one language that is Indonesian language. Nonverbal communication parents with children autism using body language, the vocal sound (prabahasa), and touch.
208311795C1A010027ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERMINTAAN TELUR AYAM NEGERI DI KABUPATEN BANYUMAS TAHUN 2002-2013Penelitian ini berjudul “Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Permintaan Telur Ayam Negeri di Kabupaten Banyumas (Periode 2002-2013)”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat permintaan telur ayam negeri di Kabupaten Banyumas pada periode 2002-2013, serta untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari harga telur ayam negeri, harga telur ayam kampung, pendapatan perkapita, dan jumlah penduduk terhadap permintaan telur ayam negeri di Kabupaten Banyumas.
Data yang digunakan adalah data time series tahun 2002-2013. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode regresi linier berganda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara bersama-sama variabel harga telur ayam negeri, harga telur ayam kampung, pendapatan perkapita, dan jumlah penduduk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap permintaan telur ayam negeri di Kabupaten Banyumas. Dengan nilai Fhitung = 130,834 > Ftabel = 3,26, pada derajat kepercayaan 95 persen. Secara parsial, variabel harga telur ayam negeri, pendapatan perkapita dan jumlah penduduk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap permintaan telur ayam negeri di Kabupaten Banyumas, sedangkan variabel harga telur ayam kampung tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Dengan hasil masing-masing thitung X1 = -4,362, X2 = 1,513, X3 = 2,986, X4 = 2,402 dan ttabel = 1,960. Berdasarkan koefisien beta (β) yang diperoleh, diketahui bahwa variabel harga telur ayam negeri merupakan variabel yang memiliki pengaruh paling besar (dominan) terhadap permintaan telur ayam negeri di Kabupaten Banyumas. Dari hasil nilai Adjusted R2 menunjukkan bahwa variabel bebas memiliki pengaruh sebesar 97,9 persen dalam menjelaskan permintaan telur ayam negeri di Kabupaten Banyumas, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 2,1 persen dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang tidak digunakan dalam model.
Dilihat dari tingkat permintaannya dapat disimpulkan bahwa permintaan telur ayam negeri di Kabupaten Banyumas mengalami kenaikan setiap tahunnya dan di imbangi juga dengan tingkat produksinya.
Kata kunci: Permintaan telur ayam negeri, Regresi linier berganda, Koefisien beta.
This study entitled "Factors Affecting Demand Chicken Eggs State in Banyumas (Period 2002-2013)". This study aims to determine the level of domestic demand for chicken eggs in Banyumas in the period 2002-2013, as well as to determine the effect of the price of domestic chicken eggs, the price of chicken eggs, per capita income, and population of the country demand for chicken eggs in Banyumas.
The data used is the time series data from 2002 to 2013 year. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression method. The analysis showed that together the variable price of domestic chicken eggs, the price of chicken eggs, per capita income, and population significantly influence the demand for domestic chicken eggs in Banyumas. With Fhitung value = 130.834> Ftabel = 3.26, the 95 percent confidence level. Partially, the variable price of domestic chicken eggs, per capita income and population significantly influence the demand for domestic chicken eggs in Banyumas, while the price of chicken eggs variables had no significant effect. With the results of each tcount X1 = -4.362, X2 = 1.513, X3 = 2.986, X4 = 2.402 and t table = 1.960. Based on the beta coefficient (β) is obtained, it is known that domestic chicken egg price variable is a variable that has the most impact (dominant) against domestic chicken egg demand in Banyumas. Adjusted R2 value of the results showed that the independent variables have an influence of 97.9 percent in explaining the demand for domestic chicken eggs in Banyumas, while the remaining 2.1 percent is explained by other variables that are not used in the model.
Seen from the level of demand can be concluded that the domestic demand for chicken eggs in Banyumas district has increased eggs year and in balance also with the level of production.
Key words: Demand Chicken Eggs, multiple linear regression, beta coefficient.
208411796F1B010040PERAN BADAN PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA DAERAH KABUPATEN CIAMIS DALAM UPAYA PENGURANGAN RISIKO BENCANA BERBASIS MASYARAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM DESA TANGGUHPenelitian ini bertujuan memberikan informasi tentang Peran Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah dalam pengurangan risiko bencana khususnya tentang Program Desa Tangguh di Desa Padamulya Kecamatan Cihaurbeuti Kabupaten Ciamis. Melekatnya budaya pasrah di dalam diri masyarakat Desa menjadi latar belakang diadakannya Program Desa Tangguh oleh Pemerintah. Untuk itu peningkatan kapasitas terkait kebencanaan harus di tingkatkan melalui Program Desa Tangguh. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ; a) Dalam peningkatan kapasitas fisik, di Desa Padamulya sudah menunjukan hasil yang cukup baik, hal ini ditunjukan dengan cukup lengkap nya penyedian peralatan dan perlengkapan oleh BPBD, mereka juga menyediakan personil terlatih yang terlibat aktif dalam kegiatan kebencanaan serta pemeliharaan peralatannya, b) Dalam peningkatan kapasitas pengetahuan, BPBD Ciamis sudah memberikan pengetahuan, manajemen bencana, dan simulasi bencana dengan baik. Hal ini ditunjukan dengan mengerti nya warga mengenai langkah-langkah dalam menghadapi bencana , c) Peran BPBD Kabupaten Ciamis untuk melibatkan warga dalam Tim Siaga Bencana sudah baik seperti yang diharapkan. Hal ini ditunjukan dengan banyaknya warga yang terlibat aktif dalam tim siaga bencana, seperti TAGANA dan Kader Perempuan Siaga Bencana.This research aims to provide information about the role of the Regional Disaster Management Agency in disaster risk reduction, especially on program Resilient Village in the Village District of Cihaurbeuti Padamulya Ciamis District. Melekatnya resigned culture within the village community into the background of Resilient Village Programme by the Government. For that disaster-related capacity building should be improved through Resilient Village Program. The results showed that; a) In the physical capacity building, in the village of Padamulya has shown good results, it is shown with its complete sufficient provision of equipment and supplies by BPBD, they also provide trained personnel who are actively involved in disaster management activities as well as maintenance equipment, b) In the increase knowledge capacity, BPBDs Ciamis already providing knowledge, disaster management and disaster simulation well. This is evidenced by its citizens understand the steps in the face of disaster as well, c) Role BPBDs Ciamis district to involve residents in Disaster Response Team has been good as expected. This is evidenced by the many citizens who are actively involved in disaster preparedness teams, such as Kader Women TAGANA and Disaster Preparedness.
208511797H1A011029Optimasi Kualitas Sabun Padat Berbahan Dasar Minyak Biji Nyamplung (Callophyllum inophyllum L) dan Susu Kambing (Capra aegagrus hircus)Telah dilakukan pembuatan sabun susu padat dengan bahan dasar minyak biji nyamplung dan susu kambing. Pembuatan sabun susu menggunakan proses panas dengan menambahkan minyak nyamplung dan NaOH yang dilarutkan dalam susu kambing pada suhu 50-55oC. Pewangi fruity yang ditambahkan untuk aroma dan nilai estetika sabun. Variasi penambahan kadar susu kambing dan pewangi, masing-masing sebanyak 1; 3; 5; 7; dan 9%. Produk sabun yang dihasilkan diuji kualitasnya berdasarkan SNI 06-3532-1994 yang meliputi karakteristik kadar air, asam lemak total, asam lemak bebas/alkali bebas, lemak tak tersabunkan. Parameter lain yang diuji adalah nilai pH dan stabilitas busa. Untuk mengetahui tingkat kesukaan masyarakat pada produk sabun dilakukan uji hedonik terhadap produk sabun susu yang memiliki karakteristik terbaik sesuai SNI 06-3532-1994, dengan parameter uji warna, aroma, tekstur, busa, serta kesan kesat saat pemakaian dan setelah pemakaian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produk sabun susu terbaik berdasarkan SNI 06-3532-1994 adalah sabun dengan penambahan kadar susu 5% dan pewangi 5% dengan rataan nilai kadar air sebesar kadar air sebesar 15,69%; jumlah asam lemak total sebesar 81,84%; asam lemak bebas sebesar 0,65%; lemak netral sebesar 8,01%; nilai pH sebesar 9,928; dan stabilitas busa sebesar 58,38%. Hasil analisis keragamaan menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh antar perlakuan berbeda nyata pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% (α=0,05) terhadap karakteristik sabun susu yang dihasilkan. Hasil uji hedonik pada formulasi sabun susu terbaik menunjukkan bahwa panelis menyukai produk sabun dengan skor 3,47 (skor maksimal 5).The production of solid milk soap from nyamplung oil and milk goat has been carried out. The production of solid milk soap used hot process by adding nyamplung oil and NaOH which diluted in goat milk at 50-55oC. The fruity fragrance are added for aroma and soap aesthetic value The varying of goat milk and fragrance concentration, each as 1; 3; 5; 7; and 9%. The soap products tested its quality based on SNI 06-3532-1994 which includes the characteristics of the water content, total fatty acids, free fatty acid/free alkaline, unsaponified fatty acid. Other parameters tested were the pH value and foam stability. To determine the level of public’s acceptable, soap products were tested by hedonic test on a best milk soap product according to SNI 06-3532-1994, with parameters color, aroma, texture, foam, rough impression at using and after used. The result showed the best milk soap product based on SNI 06-3532-1994 was milk soap with the addition of 5% milk goat and 5% fragrance with characteristics 15,69% water content; 81,84% of fatty acid; 0,65% of free fatty acid; 8,01% of unsaponified fatty acid; pH 9,928; and 58,38% of foam stability. The analysis of varying showed that the effect of treatments are significantly different at 95% confidence interval (α = 0,05) on the characteristics of the soap milk produced. Hedonic test showed that the panelists liked the soap product with 3,47 score (on maximum score 5).
208611798H1A011053Identifikasi Spesies Streptomyces K-2C dan K-4B Penghasil Zat Warna AlamiStreptomyces merupakan golongan dari aktinomisetes yang mampu menghasilkan pigmen warna dan beberapa enzim hidrolitik seperti, urease, amilase, protease, lipase, selulase dan nitrat reduktase. Streptomyces K-2C mampu menghasilkan gradasi warna merah dan K-4B gradasi warna ungu pada medium Strach Casein Nitrat (SCN). Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk memperoleh identitas dari isolat Streptomyces K-2C dan K-4B yang memiliki kemampuan menghasilkan gradasi warna merah dan ungu serta mampu menghasilkan beberapa enzim hidrolitik, seperti urease, amilase, lipase, protease, selulase dan nitrat reduktase.
Tahapan penelitian adalah kultivasi isolat Streptomyces K-2C dan K-4B pada medium Strach Casein Nitrat (SCN). Uji biokimiawi meliputi, uji urease, uji amilase, uji protease, uji lipase, uji selulase, uji reduksi nitrat. Isolasi DNA menggunakan PrestoTM Mini gDNA Bacteria Kit Geneaid. Amplifikasi DNA menggunakan PCR kit KAPA TaqTM Extra HotStart Ready Mix with dye. Elektroforesis DNA menggunakan gel agarosa 1% yang direndam dalam buffer TAE 1x. Hasil amplifikasi dianalisis sekuen fragmen 16S rRNA, kemudian ditentukan urutan basa dengan menggunakan pensejajaran program BioEdit. Penentuan spesies menggunakan program BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) dan penentuan kekerabatan spesies Streptomyces K-2C dan K-4B menggunakan Multiple Alignment pada program BLAST.
Hasil kultivasi isolat Streptomyces K-2C dan K-4B menunjukkan bahwa kedua isolat tersebut mampu menghasilkan gradasi warna merah dan ungu pada medium Strach Casein Nitrat (SCN). Hasil uji biokimiawi juga menunjukkan isolat Streptomyces K-2C dan K-4B mampu menghasilkan enzim urease, amilase, lipase, protease, selulase dan nitrat reduktase. Hasil pensejajaran melalui program BLAST menunjukkan kedua isolat memiliki kemiripan spesies terdekatnya sebesar 99% terhadap Streptomyces fradiae strain RSU15. Kedua isolat memiliki kesamaan urutan DNA sebesar 99% dan memiliki hubungan kekerabatan dalam pohon filogenik yang sangat dekat.		Streptomyces is a group of actinomycetes capable of producing color pigments and some hydrolytic enzymes such as urease, amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase and nitrate reductase. Streptomyces K-2C is able to produce shades of red and K-4B shades of purple in the medium strach Casein Nitrate (SCN). The aim of this study is to identify the spesies Streptomyces K-2C and K-4B which have the ability to produce pigments red and purple as well as producing several hydrolytic enzymes, such as urease, amylase, lipase, protease, cellulase and nitrate reductase.
Stages of research were the cultivation of Streptomyces isolates K-2C and K-4B on Strach Casein Nitrate (SCN) medium. Biochemical tests conducted were urease, amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase, and nitrate reduction tests. DNA isolation used PrestoTM Mini gDNA Bacteria Kit Geneaid. DNA amplification used PCR kit Extra HotStart KAPA TaqTM Ready Mix with dye. DNA electrophoresis used 1% agarose gel soaked in TAE 1x buffer. Amplification product was analyzed by which 16S rRNA fragments sequences, then was determined the sequence alignment with Bioedit program. Determination of species were done by BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) program and the phylogenic tree of the species Streptomyces K-2C and K-4B were determinated with the Multiple Alignment on the BLAST program.
The research results showed that Streptomyces isolates K-2C and K-4B were able to produce red and purple pigments in the Starch Casein Nitrate (SCN) medium. Biochemical test results showed that both Streptomyces K-2C and K-4B were able to produce the enzyme urease, amylase, lipase, protease, cellulase and nitrate reductase. The results from BLAST alignments program showed both isolates had the closest resemblance to species at 99% of the Streptomyces fradiae strain RSU15. Both isolates had DNA sequence similarity of 99% and had a very close alliance in filogenik tree.
208711799A1M011040Pengaruh Penambahan Kacang Hijau dan Susu Skim terhadap Sifat Fisik, Kimia, dan Sensori Susu Jagung ManisSusu jagung manis merupakan salah satu inovasi produk nabati yang berguna untuk meningkatkan konsumsi susu masyarakat serta untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gizi masyarakat. Untuk meningkatkan kandungan protein pada jagung yang rendah diperlukan adanya penambahan bahan sumber protein, yaitu kacang hijau. Untuk menjaga kestabilan emulsi susu jagung digunakan bahan penstabil seperti susu skim agar susu jagung manis menjadi stabil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1.) Mengetahui pengaruh penambahan kacang hijau terhadap sifat fisik, kimia, dan sensori susu jagung manis. 2.) Mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi skim terhadap sifat fisik, kimia, dan sensori susu jagung manis. 3.) Mengetahui ada tidaknya interaksi antara penambahan kacang hijau dengan konsentrasi skim yang ditambahkan terhadap sifat fisik, kimia dan sensori pada susu jagung manis. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Faktor yang diteliti adalah penambahan kacang hijau (H) terdiri dari 10% (H1), 20% (H2), 30% (H3) dan konsentrasi susu skim (K) terdiri dari 3% (K1), 9% (K2), 15% (K3), diperoleh 9 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan sehingga diperoleh 27 unit percobaan. Penentuan perlakuan terbaik menggunakan metode Multiple Attribute. Susu jagung manis dengan penambahan kacang hijau 10% dan susu skim 3% (H1K1) merupakan perlakuan terbaik dengan TPT 11,67oBrix; viskositas 27,9 cP; kadar air 86,09; kadar abu 0,357; kadar lemak 0,643; kadar protein 1,69; warna kuning keputihan (3,35); aroma jagung manis agak kuat (3,28); kekentalan agak kental (3,23); flavor (citarasa) enak (3,67); dan tingkat kesukaan suka (3,63).Sweet corn milk is an innovation product of vegetable milk that can use to increase milk consumption and to fulfill the nutritional feeds of society. The protein content in corn is low cause required the addition of protein source, such as green beans. To keep emulsion stability of sweet corn milk, stabilizer used for make corn milk stable such as skim milk. The purpose of this research are: 1) to determine the influence of the green beans supplementation towards physical, chemical and organoleptic characteristic of sweet corn milk; 2) to determine the influence of skim milk concentrations towards physical, chemical and organoleptic characteristic sweet corn milk; 3) to determine the best treatment of combination the green beans supplementation and skim milk concentration that produces sweet corn milk with the best physical, chemical and organoleptic characteristic.This experiment was conducted by Randomized Block Design (RBD). Factors examined are green bean addition (H) which consists of 10% (H1), 20% (H2) and 30% (H3) and the skim milk concentration (K) which consists of 3% (K1), 9% (K2), and 15% (K3), so its obtained 9 combined treatment, repeated 3 times so it’s obtained 27 experimental units.the best treatments choose using Multiple Attribute method. Sweet corn milk with 10% green beans supplementation and 3% skim milk (H1K1) is the best treatment with total dissolved solids 11.67oBrix, viscosity 27.9 cP, water content of 86.09% wb, ash content 0.357% wb, fat content 0.643% w/v, total protein content 1.69% wb, color yellowish white (3.35), aroma of corn is a little strong (3.28), a little thick (3.23), flavor delicious (3.67) and is liked (3.63).
208811801D1E011146PENGARUH RASIO TEPUNG AMPAS KECAP DAN TEPUNG LIMBAH SURIMI SEBAGAI MILK REPLACER CEMPE TERHADAP BOBOT BADAN DAN UKURAN LINIERPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penggunaan tepung ampas kecap dan tepung limbah surimi sebagai milk replacer (MR) cempe pra sapih. Materi penelitian yang digunakan adalah 20 ekor cempe betina umur 2 sampai 4 minggu, milk replacer yang merupakan beberapa bahan tepung limbah surimi, tepung ampas kecap, bungkil kelapa, tepung tapioka, susu skim, probiotik, mineral dan susu kambing (kontrol). Metode penelitian adalah eksperimental secara in vivo menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan, dan setiap perlakuan diulang 5 kali, terdapat 4 ekor cempe pada setiap ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari : MR0 : susu murni MR1 : 60% basal + 10 % tepung ampas kecap + 30% tepung limbah surimi, MR2 : 60% basal + 20 % tepung ampas kecap + 20% tepung limbah surimi, MR3 : 60% basal + 30 % tepung ampas kecap + 10% tepung limbah surimi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis variansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian MR dengan rasio yang berbeda tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap pertambahan bobot badan dan ukuran linier cempe pra sapih. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah Pemberian milk replacer (MR) yang berbeda rasionya dan susu kambing (kontrol) yang pertambahan bobot badan dan ukuran linier tubuh cempe pra sapih relatif sama.
The research aimed to assess the effect the Influence of Ratio between Ketchup Dregs Powder and Surimi Waste Powder as Milk Replacer for pre-weaning kid. Materials of the research used MR formula consist of 20 kid females Milk Replacer basalt material (coconut meal, tapioca flour, skim milk, probiotics and minerals). The research method was experimental in vivo using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments, and each treatment was repeated 5 times, there are four kids on each repetition. The treatment consists of MR0: pure milk MR1: 60% + 10% Ketchup Dregs Powder + 30% Surimi Waste Powder, MR2: 60% + 20 Ketchup Dregs Powder + 20% Surimi Waste Powder, MR3: 60% basal + 30% Ketchup Dregs Powder + 10% Surimi Waste Powder. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance. The results showed that administration of MR with different ratios are not significant (P> 0.05) on body weight gain and linear size pre-weaning kid. The conclusion of this study is the administration of milk replacer (MR) different ratio and goat's milk (control) the body weight gain and linear body size were relatively same.
208911802C1A010019ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHATANI KENTANG DI DESA KUTABAWA KECAMATAN KARANGREJA KABUPATEN PURBALINGGAPenelitian ini berjudul ‘’ Analisis Kelayakan Usahatani Kentang Di Desa Kutabawa Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga’’ Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui biaya, pendapatan dan penerimaan usahatani kentang juga untuk mengetahui kelayakan dari usahatani kentang di desa Kutabawa Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survai dengan menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari kelurahan dan dengan cara terjun langsung ke daerah penelitian dan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan perhitungan R/C ratio, BEP. Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 95 petani dari 124 total petani kentang di Desa Kutabawa.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa besarnya nilai R/C ratio usahatani kentang dikatakan layak karena lebih dari satu, dengan nilai R/C ratio 2,4. Besarnya pendapatan bersih yang diterima petani per hektar per satu musim tanam kentang di Desa Kutabawa yaitu sebesar Rp34.217.184. Besarnya BEP sisi harga jual adalah sebesar Rp2.480,09, artinya petani kentang akan memberi harga bisa mendapatkan harga impas sekurang-kurangnya Rp2.480,09. Sedangkan nilai BEP sisi Volume produksi yaitu sebanyak 4.205,81Kg, maka dalam hal ini petani sekurang-kurangnya harus memproduksi nilai BEP diatas agar petani kentang mendapat nilai impas baik dari sisi harga dan volume.
Dilihat dari tingkat pendapatan, nilai R/C ratio dan nilai BEP dari sisi harga maupun volume dapat disimpulkan bahwa usahatani kentang ini lebih menguntungkan dan memberi manfaat kepada para petani, maka tidak ada salahnya jika usahatani kentang ini terus dikembangkan.

Kata Kunci : Kelayakan Usahatani Kentang, Revenue Cost ( R/C), Break Event Point.
This study, entitled '' Feasibility Analysis of Farm Potatoes In the village Kutabawa District of Karangreja, Purbalingga '' The purpose of this study was to determine the costs, revenues and potato farm receipts also to determine the feasibility of a potato farm in rural sub-district Kutabawa Karangreja, Purbalingga.
The method used was a survey by using primary data obtained from the village and by jumping directly to the area of research and the use of questionnaires. The analysis technique used in this research is to use the calculation of R/C ratio, the BEP. Respondents in this study amounted to 95 farmers of 124 total potato farmers in the village Kutabawa.
The results of this study indicate that the value of R/C ratio of potato farming is feasible because more than one, with a value of R/C ratio of 2.4. The amount of net income received by farmers per hectare per cropping season potatoes in the village that is equal Rp34.217.184 Kutabawa. The amount of the selling price of the BEP is for Rp2.480,09, meaning potato farmers will be able to get the price break-even price of at least Rp2.480,09. While the value of BEP side 4.205,81Kg production volume is counted, so in this case farmers must produce at least BEP value above that potato farmers get breakeven value in terms of price and volume.
Judging from the level of income, the value of R /C ratio and the BEP value in terms of price and volume can be concluded that this potato farming more profitable and beneficial to the farmers, then there is no harm if a potato farm is being developed.
Key words : Potato Farming Feasibility, Revenue Cost ( R/C), Break Event Point
209011803D1E011221BOBOT DAN PERSENTASE KARKAS DAN BAGIAN-BAGIAN KARKAS BERBAGAI JENIS AYAM SENTUL UMUR 32 MINGGUPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan bobot karkas, persentase karkas, bobot bagaian-bagian karkas dan persentase bagian-bagian karkas berbagai jenis ayam Sentul. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah ayam Sentul umur 32 minggu sebanyak 125 ekor yang terdiri atas Sentul Abu 25 ekor, Sentul Batu 25 ekor, Sentul Debu 25 ekor, Sentul Emas 25 ekor dan Sentul Geni 25 ekor. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan rancangan dasar rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Perlakuan yang diuji adalah jenis ayam Sentul yang terdiri atas Sentul Abu, Sentul Batu, Sentul Debu, Dentul Emas dan Sentul Geni. Peubah yang diamati adalah bobot karkas, persentase karkas, bobot bagian-bagian karkas dan persentase bagian-bagian karkas ayam Sentul. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis variansi. Hasil analisis variansi menunjukkan bahwa berbagai jenis ayam Sentul berpengaruh tidak nyata (P<0,05) terhadap memproduksi bobot karkas, persentase karkas, bobot bagian-bagian karkas, dan persentase bagian-bagian karkas. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah berbagai jenis ayam sentul memiliki kemampuan yang relatif sama dalam memproduksi bobot karkas, persentase karkas, bobot bagian-bagian karkas, dan persentase bagian-bagian karkas.
The purpose of this research was to determine the difference weight carcass, percentage of carcass, weight to the various parts of the carcass and the percentage of the various parts of the carcass of a chicken Sentul. The material used in the study was chicken Sentul age 32 weeks as many as 125 chicken comprised of Sentul Abu 25 birds, Sentul Batu 25 birds, Sentul Debu 25 birds, Sentul Emas 25 birds and Sentul Geni 25 birds. This research used experimental method with Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatments tested were the kinds of Sentul chicken consisted of Sentul Abu, Sentul Batu, Sentul Debu, Sentul Emas and Sentul Geni. The variables observed were weight carcass, percentage of carcass, weight to the various parts of the carcass and the percentage of the various parts of the carcass of a chicken Sentul age 32 weeks. The data were analyzed used analysis of variance. The results of analysis of variance showed that various type of Sentul chicken had no significant effect (P<0.05) for on carcass weight, percentage of carcass, weights parts of the carcass, and the percentage of those parts of the carcass. It can be concluded that the kinds of various type of Sentul chicken had the ability of of relatively equal in producing on carcass weight, percentage of carcass, weights parts of the carcass, and the percentage of those parts of the carcass.

Key words: Carcass weight, Carcass percentage, Parts of carcass, Sentul chicken.
209111804C1J011021ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING LOAN
ON PD BPR BKK PURWOKERTO BANYUMAS REGENCY
IN 2011-2014 PERIOD
( Case Study in 24 Branch Offices )
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING LOAN
ON PD BPR BKK PURWOKERTO BANYUMAS REGENCY
IN 2011-2014 PERIOD
( Case Study in 24 Branch Offices )
SHELLA ALIANDARI HERNANING
C1J011021
Economics and International Development Studies
Faculty of Economics and Business,
Jenderal Soedirman University
Keywords: loan distribution as a whole and by type of use, namely: working capital loans, investment loans, and consumer loans, GRDP, inflation, DPK and NPL.
In Banyumas there are 25 offices of BPR BKK Purwokerto consisting of 1 KPO (Office Operations Center) and 24 lending offices which is always increasing in billions but when viewed from the growth of Loan is declining in the period of the study 2011-2014, so it needs analysis on factors that affect Loan in BPR BKK Purwokerto because Loan can trigger investment phenomenon.
This study aims to analyze the influence of GRDP, inflation, DPK and NPL on total loan and by type of use, namely: working capital Loan, investment Loan and consumption Loan in BPR BKK Purwokerto which includes 24 branches in Banyumas Regency 2011-2014. The data uses secondary data obtained from BPR BKK Purwokerto and Central Statistics Agency (BPS).
This study uses panel data regression analysis. The result shows that DPK, inflation and NPL are giving significant effect on Total loans, DPK and NPL are significantly affecting working capital loans, while DPK, GRDP, and inflation are significantly affecting on investment loans, and DPK is significantly affecting on consumer Loan in BPR BKK Purwokerto.
Based on the research results, the implication is BPR BKK should be more active in collecting DPK by improving the provision of services such as ATM machines and provide prizes for the consumer. The healthy NPL level is below 5% then the BPR BKK should further enhance the precautionary principle before distributing the Loan. And in order to increase GRDP in Banyumas, BPR BKK should focuses on distribution of Loan for working capital loans and investment loans because the two types of loans are able to produce output such as goods and services.		ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING LOAN
ON PD BPR BKK PURWOKERTO BANYUMAS REGENCY
IN 2011-2014 PERIOD
( Case Study in 24 Branch Offices )
SHELLA ALIANDARI HERNANING
C1J011021
Economics and International Development Studies
Faculty of Economics and Business,
Jenderal Soedirman University
Keywords: loan distribution as a whole and by type of use, namely: working capital loans, investment loans, and consumer loans, GRDP, inflation, DPK and NPL.
In Banyumas there are 25 offices of BPR BKK Purwokerto consisting of 1 KPO (Office Operations Center) and 24 lending offices which is always increasing in billions but when viewed from the growth of Loan is declining in the period of the study 2011-2014, so it needs analysis on factors that affect Loan in BPR BKK Purwokerto because Loan can trigger investment phenomenon.
This study aims to analyze the influence of GRDP, inflation, DPK and NPL on total loan and by type of use, namely: working capital Loan, investment Loan and consumption Loan in BPR BKK Purwokerto which includes 24 branches in Banyumas Regency 2011-2014. The data uses secondary data obtained from BPR BKK Purwokerto and Central Statistics Agency (BPS).
This study uses panel data regression analysis. The result shows that DPK, inflation and NPL are giving significant effect on Total loans, DPK and NPL are significantly affecting working capital loans, while DPK, GRDP, and inflation are significantly affecting on investment loans, and DPK is significantly affecting on consumer Loan in BPR BKK Purwokerto.
Based on the research results, the implication is BPR BKK should be more active in collecting DPK by improving the provision of services such as ATM machines and provide prizes for the consumer. The healthy NPL level is below 5% then the BPR BKK should further enhance the precautionary principle before distributing the Loan. And in order to increase GRDP in Banyumas, BPR BKK should focuses on distribution of Loan for working capital loans and investment loans because the two types of loans are able to produce output such as goods and services.
209211807C1A011020ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN CURAHAN JAM KERJA PETANI PADI DI DESA KOTAYASA, KECAMATAN SUMBANG, KABUPATEN BANYUMASTujuan dari penelitian ini untuk (1) menganalisis produksi petani padi di Desa Kotayasa, Kecamatan Sumbang, Kabupaten Banyumas (2) menganalisis curahan jam kerja petani padi di Desa Kotayasa, Kecamatan Sumbang, Kabupaten Banyumas (3) menganalisis tingkat pendapatan petani padi di Desa Kotayasa, Kecamatan Sumbang, Kabupaten Banyumas. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu (1) jumlah keseluruhan produksi padi musim panen sebelumnya dari semua responden yaitu sebesar 447,20 kwintal atau rata-rata produksi 4,98 kwintal dari rata-rata luas lahan 0,144 ha. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata produksi di desa penelitian masih di bawah produksi nasional yaitu sebesar 51,35 kwintal per 1 ha atau 5,1 kwintal per 0,1 ha. Ini disebabkan karena penggunaan bibit dan pengaturan jarak tanam di desa penelitian belum begitu baik. (2) Responden mencurahkan jam kerja dalam sebulan terakhir meliputi kegiatan usahatani padi selama 60,60 jam, usahatani non padi selama 26,88 jam serta kegiatan off farm selama 72,57 jam. Ini berarti curahan jam kerja kegiatan off farm lebih tinggi dibandingkan curahan kerja usahatani, karena responden fokus terhadap pemenuhan kebutuhan sehari-hari sehingga mereka mencari alternatif pendapatan di luar usahatani. (3) Pendapatan rata-rata responden dari kegiatan usahatani padi sebesar Rp1.773.616, usahatani non padi sebesar Rp420.961, kegiatan off farm sebesar Rp1.209.735. Tingginya curahan jam kerja kegiatan off farm tidak diiringi dengan besarnya tingkat pendapatan. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa masih kurangnya peluang dan potensi kegiatan off farm di desa penelitian.The purposes of this research are (1) to analyze the production of rice farmers in Kotayasa, Sumbang, Banyumas (2) to analyze the outpouring of working hours rice farmers in Kotayasa, Sumbang, Banyumas (3) and to analyze the income level of rice farmers in Kotayasa, Sumbang, Banyumas. The results of this research are (1) the total production of rice harvest season in advance of all the respondents amount 447,20 quintals, average production 4,98 quintals of average land area 0.144 ha. This shows that the average production in this village still under national production 51,35 quintals per 1 ha or 5.1 quintals per 0.1 ha. This is because planting distance setting in this village has not been so good. (2) respondents devote working hours in the last month include rice farming activities during 60,60 hours, non-rice farming during 26,88 hours and activities off farm during 72,57 hours. This means working hours off farm activities higher than working hours farming activities, respondents focus on fulfilling the everyday needs so they seek alternative revenue outside of farming. (3) the average income of respondents from rice farming activities amount Rp1.773.616, non-rice farming amount Rp420.961, off farm activities amount Rp1.209.735. High the outpouring of working hours off farm activities is not followed by magnitude of the income level. This condition indicates that there is lack of opportunities and potential off farm activities in this village.
209311810H1K008023STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS KEPITING UCA spp.
DI KAWASAN MANGROVE DESA MOJO
KECAMATAN ULUJAMI KABUPATEN PEMALANG
Ekosistem mangrove memiliki peranan yang penting sebagai habitat Kepiting Uca. Kepiting Uca memiliki peranan yang penting didalam rantai makanan ekosistem mangrove. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui jenis dan jumlah Kepiting Uca serta mengetahui struktur komunitas Kepiting Uca yang meliputi Kelimpahan, Keanekaragaman, Keseragaman, dan Dominansi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey. Pengamatan mangrove menggunakan transek kuadrat 10x10 m2 dan pengamatan Kepiting Uca menggunakan transek 1x1 m2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Jenis kepiting Uca yang ditemukan di desa Mojo, kecamatan Ulujami, kabupaten Pemalang yaitu Uca. rosea (65 ind), U. forcipata (54 ind) dan U. dussumieri (30 ind). Keanekaragaman termasuk dalam kategori rendah (1,02), keseragamannya tinggi (0,966) serta tidak ada jenis yang mendominasi. Keberadaan komunitas Kepiting Uca pada kawasan Konservasi mangrove Desa Mojo menunjukkan kondisi yang cukup stabil.
Mangrove ecosystem has an important role for fiddler crab habitat. fiddler crab has important role in food chain on mangrove ecosystem. The purpose of research is to know structure of fiddler crab community consist of Abundance, Diversity, Similarity, and Dominance. Survey method was used in this research. Mangrove observation used transect squares 10x10 m2 and fiddler crab observation used transect squares 1x1 m2. The results showed that the type of crab Uca which are found in the village of Mojo, excl. Ulujami, kab. Pemalang namely Uca. rosea (65 ind / m2), U. forcipata (54 ind / m2) and U. dussumieri (30 ind / m2). The highest abundance (55 ind / m2) are on station 3. Diversity is included in the low category (1.02), high uniformity (0.966) and there is no dominant species. The existence of communities crab Uca on mangrove conservation area of the village of Mojo showed a fairly stable condition.
209411809C1A011061ANALISIS EFISIENSI USAHA DAN GROSS PROFIT MARGIN PADA SENTRA INDUSTRI KECIL KERAJINAN KULIT DI DESA SABDODADI, KECAMATAN BANTUL, YOGYAKARTA

 Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk menghitung penerimaan total, biaya total dan keuntungan serta mengukur rasio profitabiltas (Gross Profit Margin) serta tingkat efisiensi ekonomis industri kulit yang ada di Desa Sabdodadi, Kecamatan Bantul, Yogyakarta.
Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dan kuisioner. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah R/C ratio untuk mengetahui kelayakan usaha dari industri kulit dan ratio Gross Profit Margin untuk mengetahui rasio laba kotor yang dihasilkan oleh industri kulit.
Berdasarkan Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerimaan dari sentra industri kulit di Desa Sabdodadi sebesar Rp4.127.350.000 dengan penerimaan rata-rata sebesar Rp125.071.212.1. Biaya tetap yang keluarkan perajin sebesar Rp76.750.114,00 dan biaya variabel sebesar Rp2.585.916.000,00. Diketahui biaya total yang dikeluarkan oleh perajin sebesar Rp2.662.666.114. Gross Profit Margin yang dihasilkan industri kulit di Desa Sabdodadi, Kecamatan Bantul, Yogyakarta sebesar Rp0.3548 artinya bahwa setiap satu rupiah biaya yang dikeluarkan maka akan memperoleh tambahan laba atau keuntungan sebesar Rp 0,35. Keuntungan yang diperoleh sebesar Rp1.464.683.886. Tingkat efisiensi ekonomi pada sentra industri kulit Desa sabdodadi kecamatan Bantul, Yogyakarta sebesar 1,550 ini artinya sentra industri kulit di Desa Sabdodadi kecamatan Bantul, Yogyakarta layak untuk dijalankan karena menguntungkan (dilihat dari nilai R/C > 1).
Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah Usaha kulit di Desa Sabdodadi, kecamatan Bantul, Yogyakarta perlu dipertahankan karena usaha ini sudah mencapai tingkat efisiensi secara ekonomis. Namun dalam persentase meningkatkan laba pada industri ini belum maksimal. Diharapkan pemberian penyuluhan-penyuluhan tentang bagaimana mengolah kulit juga perlu diadakan sehingga akan menciptakan nilai ekonomi yang lebih tinggi
Purpose of this research was to calculate the total revenue, total costs and profits as well as measuring profitability ratios (Gross Profit Margin) and economic efficiency in the leather industry in Sabdodadi village, Subdistrict of Bantul, Yogyakarta.
This research uses primary data obtained from interviews and questionnaires. The analysis tool used is the R / C ratio to determine the feasibility of the leather industry and the ratio of Gross Profit Margin to determine the ratio of the gross profit generated by the leather industry.
Based on the results show that the acceptance of a leather industry of Sabdodadi village Rp4.127.350.000, receiving an average of Rp125.071.212.1. Remove fixed costs that crafters of Rp76.750.114,00 and variable costs of Rp2.585.916.000,00. Unknown total costs incurred by the craftsmen of Rp2.662.666.114. Gains derived by Rp1.464.683.886. Gross Profit Margin generated in the leather industry in Sabdodadi village subdistrict of Bantul, Yogyakarta at Rp0.3548 means that every single rupiah cost incurred will earn additional income or profit of Rp 0.35. The level of economic efficiency in the leather industry in village Sabdodadi, Subdistrict of Bantul, Yogyakarta at 1.550. This means that the center of the leather industry in Sabdodadi village, Subdistricts of Bantul, Yogyakarta feasible because it is profitable (seen from the value of R / C> 1).
The implication of this research is the leather industry, Sabdodadi village, subdistrict, Bantul, Yogyakarta should be maintained because this effort has reached the level of economic efficiency. Although, the percentage increase in earnings in this industry is not maximized. Expected provision of counseling about how to treat the skin also needs to be held so that it will create a higher economic value.
209511812G1A011024PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK BIJI JINTAN HITAM (Nigella sativa) TERHADAP GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI HEPAR TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIINDUKSI METOTREKSAT ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Metotreksat (MTX) merupakan salah satu jenis obat kemoterapi yang bekerja sebagai antagonis folat dan efektif terhadap terapi beberapa jenis kanker dan penyakit autoimun, namun penggunaannya dapat menyebabkan efek samping pada hepar. Ekstrak biji Nigella sativa diduga memiliki fungsi proteksi melawan hepatotoksisitas karena mengandung zat antioksidan.
Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak biji jintan hitam (Nigella sativa) terhadap gambaran histopatologi hepar tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi MTX.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode true experimental post test only with control group design. Delapan belas tikus (Rattus norvegicus) jantan galur Wistar berusia 12-16 minggu, secara acak dibagi ke dalam 3 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kelompok A (diberikan aquades hari 1-8), kelompok B (MTX hari 1, Nigella sativa hari ke 2-7), dan kelompok C (Nigella sativa hari 1-7, MTX hari 8). Pada hari ke-9, tikus diterminasi dan hepar diambil untuk analisis histologi dengan pewarnaan hematoxylin eosin (HE).
Hasil: Uji statistik dengan Oneway Anova menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara gambaran histopatologi hepar kelompok A, B dan C (p>0,05).
Kesimpulan: Gambaran histopatologi kelompok B (kuratif) dan kelompok C (preventif) tidak memiliki perbedaan dengan kelompok A (kontrol sehat), hal ini dikarenakan masing-masing kelompok mengalami kerusakan, kerusakan yang terjadi pada kontrol sehat karena ditemukan gambaran degenerasi parenkimatosa, degenerasi hidropik dan nekrosis yang kemungkinan disebabkan oleh kualitas air yang tercemar dan pertumbuhan jamur.

Background: Methotrexate (MTX) is one of chemotherapeutic drug which works as a folate antagonist and it is effective for therapies against several types of cancer and autoimmune diseases, but also can cause the side effects on the liver. Nigella sativa seed extract is believe to have a protective function against hepatotoxicity as it contains antioxidant.
Purpose: Knowing the effect of extracts of black cumin seeds (Nigella sativa) against the pattern of histopathological of white rats liver (Rattus norvegicus) induced by MTX.
Methods: This research used true experimental post test only with control group design method. Eighteen male wistar rats 12-16 weeks old, were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups, group A (given distilled water 1-8 days), group B (MTX day 1, Nigella sativa day to 2- 7), and group C (Nigella sativa 1-7 days, MTX day 8). On day 9, rats was terminated and the liver was taken for histological analysis by hematoxylin eosin staining (HE).
Results: Statistical test with Oneway Anova showed no significant differences between the liver histopathology pattern of group A, B and C (p> 0.05).
Conclusions: Histopathologic pattern group B (curative) and group C (preventive) has no difference with group A (healthy controls), it is because each group were damaged, damage to the healthy controls, as found parenkimatosa degeneration picture, degeneration hydropic and necrosis which probably caused by polluted water and mold growth.
209611813H1A011001FORMULASI DAN KARAKTERISASI SABUN CUCI PIRING CAIR BERBAHAN DASAR MINYAK BIJI NYAMPLUNG (Calophyllum inophyllum L)
Biji nyamplung yang sudah tua memiliki kandungan minyak mencapai 50-70%, sehingga sangat berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi bahan baku utama dalam pembuatan sabun. Sabun yang dibuat dalam penelitian ini adalah sabun cuci piring cair. Sabun cuci piring cair dihasilkan melalui proses saponifikasi, yaitu hidrolisis lemak menjadi asam lemak dan gliserol dalam KOH. Sabun yang dihasilkan kemudian dikarakterisasi berdasarkan SNI 09-06-2048-1990 dan uji hedonik. Uji hedonik dilakukan berdasarkan aroma, warna, kekentalan, banyak busa, daya bersih, saat dan setelah pemakaian dari sabun cuci piring cair. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam tahap penentuan sabun cuci piring cair dengan karakteristik terbaik adalah rancangan acak lengkap faktorial (RAL factorial) dengan variabel bebas yaitu kadar minyak biji nyamplung. Kadar minyak biji nyamplung yang digunakan adalah 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 dan 45%. Hasil analisis yang menunjukan adanya perbedaan nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test) tingkat kepercayaan 95% (α=0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sabun cuci piring cair yang memiliki formulasi terbaik adalah sabun cuci piring cair dengan kadar minyak 40% dengan jumlah asam lemak sebesar 33,47%, asam lemak bebas sebesar 0,54%, lemak tak tersabunkan sebesar 4,85%, nilai pH sebesar 10,166, bobot jenis sebesar 1,040 dan minyak pelikan bernilai negatif. Uji hedonik menghasilkan nilai suka terhadap aroma, saat pemakaian dan setelah pemakaian, normal terhadap warna dan kekentalan, dan sangat suka terhadap banyak busa dan daya bersih.The increasing use of liquid dish soap by people this time, encourage research to synthesize a liquid dish soap from oil seeds nyamplung. Old nyamplung seeds have an oil content of 50-70%, so it has the potential to be developed into a key raw material in the manufacture of soap. Soap made in this study was liquid dish soap. Liquid dish soap was produced through the saponification process, hydrolysis of fats into fatty acids and glycerol in the KOH. Soap was produced then characterized by SNI 09-06-2048-1990 and hedonic test. Hedonic test was conducted by the smell, color, viscocity, many foam, clean power, while and after the use of liquid dish soap. The experimental design that was used in determining the stage of liquid dish soap with the best characteristics was completely randomized factorial design (RAL factorial) with free variable were nyamplung seed oil content. Nyamplung seed oil content that was used were 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45%. The analysis results showed that there was a real difference then continued with DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test) with a 95% confidence level (α = 0,05). The results showed that the liquid dish soap from nyamplung seed oil had the best formulations was liquid dish soap with oil content of 40% with the total fatty acid content about 33.47%, free fatty acids about 0.54%, saponified fatty about 4.85%, pH value about 10.166, specific gravity of 1.040 and pelicans oil is negative. Hedonic test produced a value like for the smell, while using and after using, normal for the color and viscosity, and really like for the many foam and clean power.
209711811F1D008029EKONOMI POLITIK PEDESAAN
Relasi Aktor Dalam Pengembangan Potensi Ekonomi Pedesaan Di Desa Panusupan Kecamatan Rembang Kabupaten Purbalingga

Artikel hasil penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami peran pemerintah Desa Panusupan, aktor non pemerintah desa dan pelaku-pelaku ekonomi lainya. Selain itu juga memahami dan mendeskripsikan relasi aktor desa, dan aktor non pemerintah desa dan untuk memahami pelaku-pelaku ekonomi lainya dalam mendorong pengembangan potensi ekonomi pedesaan di Desa Panusupan, Kecamatan Rembang, Kabupaten Purbalingga. Kecamatan Rembang, Kabupaten Purbalingga. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan studi kasus dalam bingkai perspektif pascastrukturalis dan paradigma non-positivisme, khususnya konstruktivisme,hasil penelitian tersebut mengungkapkan bahwa dinamika pengembangan potensi ekonomi pedesaan dari era feodal sampai era reformasi menunjukan bahwa pengembangan ekonomi pedesaan dipengaruhi oleh faktor kebijakan pemerinatah dan faktor intern yang ada di desa seperti, pengusaha desa, masyarakat sebagai aktor non pemerintah. Adanya dominansi aktor yang superior dan lemahnya aktor krbijakan akan membuat pengebangan potensi terhambat. Seperti yang terjadi di Desa Panusupan, di mana dominansi pengusaha desa terhadap petani lebih besar dibandingkan upaya pemerintah desa sebagai aktor pengampu kebijakan yang seharusnya menjadi solusi antara pengusaha dan petani. Minimnya peran desa mebuat pengembangan potensi cenderung bersifat monopoli oleh pengusaha terhadap petani. Dari hal tersebut terbentuk relasi antar aktor yang menjurus pada persaingan. Dimana setiap aktor politik saling berbeda kepentingan dan cenderung ingin saling menguasai. Adanya persaingan antara pengusaha desa kepada petani dan lemahnya andil pemerintah desa membuat kegiatan monopoli pengusaha desa terhadap petani masih terjadi di Desa Panusupan.

This article results of the study aims to identify and understand the role of Panusupan village government, non-governmental village actors and other economic actors. It is also to understand and describe the relationships of the village actors and non-governmental village actors and to understand the other economic actors in encouraging rural economic development potential in Panusupan village, Rembang, Purbalingga. By using qualitative methods and case studies approaches in the frame of the post-structuralism perspective and the non-positivism paradigm, constructivism specifically. the result of the study showed that the dynamics of the development potential of the rural economy of the feudal era to the era of reforms showed that countryside economic development was influenced by government policy factors and internal factors that exist in the village, such as rural entrepreneurs, non-governmental society as an actor. The dominance of superior and weak development actors will make the inhabitation of potential policy development. It is happened in the Panusupan village, where the dominance of rural entrepreneurs to farmers is greater than the effort from village government as an actor of policymaker that should be as a solution maker between entrepreneurs and farmers. The lack of development potential role makes village tends to be monopolized by businessmen to farmers. From those things can be formed a relation between actors who lead the competition where each mutually different political actors and interests tend to dominate each other. The existence of competition between farmers and rural entrepreneurs and the low village government attention make the rural entrepreneurs monopoly activities against farmers are still going on in the Panusupan village.
209811814H1A011005Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Pigmen dari Streptomyces K-2CStreptomyces merupakan salah satu mikroorganisme yang mampu menghasilkan pigmen intraseluler (dipertahankan dalam miselium) dan pigmen ekstraseluler (dikeluarkan ke medium). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi pigmen dari Streptomyces K-2C. Isolat Streptomyces K-2C dikultivasi dan pigmen diproduksi menggunakan media SCN. Ekstraksi pigmen dilakukan dengan maserasi dan sonikasi. Ekstrak pigmen dimurnikan dengan KLT dan kromatografi kolom dengan eluen kloroform : metanol (9:1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Streptomyces K-2C menghasilkan pigmen berwarna ungu tua yang stabil pada kondisi asam (pH 5) dan netral (pH 7). Analisis spektrofotometri UV-Vis menunjukkan bahwa pigmen Streptomyces K-2C memiliki panjang gelombang maksimum 529,00 nm. Interpretasi spektrum IR menunjukkan bahwa pigmen ini mengandung inti siklik, karbonil, hidroksil, alkil (CH3 dan CH2), ena nonkonjugasi dan NH sekunder. Interpretasi spektrum 1H-NMR (TMS, CDCl3, 500 MHz) memperlihatkan bahwa senyawa yang berhasil diisolasi memiliki proton berupa –CH3 dan –CH2 yang terikat pada C Sp3; proton berupa –CH2 yang terikat pada C heteroatom; proton berupa -CH yang terikat pada C heteroatom; dan proton yang terikat pada C ikatan rangkap dua (-C=CH).Streptomyces is a microorganism that can produce intracellular pigment (retained in the mycellium) and extracellular pigment (excreted to medium). This study aimed to isolate and characterize the pigment from Streptomyces K-2C.Streptomyces K-2C was cultivated and the pigment was produced using SCN medium. Pigment extraction were done by maceration and sonication. Pigmen extract were purified by TLC and column chromatography using eluent chloroform : methanol (9:1). The colour of pigment extracted from Streptomyces K-2C was violet. This pigment was stable in acidic conditions
(pH 5) and neutral (pH 7). UV-Vis spectrophotometry analysis showed that this pigment had a maximum wavelength of 529.00 nm. Interpretation of IR spectra indicate that this pigment contained cyclic core, carbonyl, hydroxyl, alkyl (CH3 and CH2), ene non conjugation and secondary NH. Interpretation of 1H-NMR (TMS, CDCl3, 500 MHz) showed that the isolated compound had protons in the form of -CH3 and -CH2 bounded to the C Sp3; protons in the form -CH2 bounded to the C heteroatom; protons in the form -CH attached to the C heteroatom; and proton attached to the C double bond (-C=CH).
209911815H1A011025isolasi dan karakterisasi pigmen dari streptomyces K-4BZat warna makanan yang digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari terbagi atas zat warna alami dan sintetis. Zat warna sintetis umumnya terbuat dari zat kimia dan beberapa diantaranya dapat membahayakan kesehatan, sehingga perlu ditingkatkan pencarian alternatif zat warna alami yang aman bagi kesehatan. Salah satu sumber zat warna alami adalah mikroorganisme. Mikroorganisme yang berpotensi untuk menghasilkan zat warna alami adalah Streptomyces K-4B. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi pigmen dari Streptomyces K-4B.
Isolasi dan produksi pigmen dari Streptomyces K-4B menggunakan media SCN. Ekstraksi pigmen intraseluler dari Streptomyces K-4B dilakukan dengan metode sonikasi dan sokletasi. Pemurnian ekstrak dilakukan dengan kromatografi kolom menggunakan pelarut kloroform : metanol (2:8). Uji kemurnian fraksi dilakukan menggunakan KLT. Karakterisasi pigmen dari Streptomyces K-4B menggunakan instrumen spektrofotometer UV-Vis, spektroskopi FTIR, dan spektroskopi 1H NMR.
Ekstrak pigmen hasil isolasi diperoleh sebanyak 0,6469 g. Hasil pemurnian ekstrak diperoleh 2 fraksi yaitu fraksi oranye dan ungu dengan berat masing-masing fraksi sebesar 38,7 mg dan 50,4 mg. Hasil analisis spektrofotometer UV-Vis menunjukkan panjang gelombang maksimum fraksi oranye dan ungu adalah 457 dan 539 nm. Hasil analisis spektrofotometer FTIR menunjukkan gugus fungsi yang terdapat pada fraksi oranye antara lain metilen, metil, karbonil, dan C-O. Gugus fungsi yang terdapat pada fraksi ungu antara lain N-H atau O-H, metilen, metil, dan karbonil. Hasil analisis spektroskopi 1H NMR fraksi oranye menunjukkan adanya sinyal proton dari karbon pada cincin aromatik, sinyal proton dari karbon ikatan rangkap di luar cincin aromatik, sinyal proton dari karbon yang berikatan dengan O, sinyal proton dari karbon yang berikatan dengan cincin aromatik, sinyal proton dari karbon yang berikatan dengan karbonil, sinyal proton metilen dan metil yang berikatan dengan rantai hidrokarbon.		The food dyes which used in daily life are divided into natural and synthetic. Synthetic dye is generally made from chemicals and some synthetic dye can be harmful to health, therefore the searching for safe natural dyes should be improved. One source of natural dyes is microorganism. One of microorganisms that has the potential to produce natural dye is Streptomyces K-4B. Thus, the purpose of this study were to isolate and characterize the pigment from Streptomyces K-4B.
Isolation and production of pigments from Streptomyces K-4B was used SCN medium. Extraction of pigments from Streptomyces K-4B was conducted using sonication and soxhletation. Extract purification was performed by column chromatography using chloroform: methanol (2: 8). Fraction purity test performed by TLC. Pigment characterization of Streptomyces K-4B using UV-Vis spectrophotometer instruments, FTIR spectroscopy, and 1H NMR spectroscopy.
Extract pigment obtained was 0.6469 g. Purified extract obtained two fractions, namely fraction of orange and purple with the weight of each fraction were 38.7 and 50.4 mg, respectively. The results of the analysis of UV-Vis spectrophotometer showed the maximum wavelength fraction of orange and purple were 457 and 539 nm. FTIR spectroscopic analysis results showed that functional groups present in the orange fraction were methylene, methyl, carbonyl, and CO. The functional groups contained in the fraction of purple were NH or OH, methylene, methyl, and carbonyl. 1H NMR spectroscopic analysis of the results of an orange fraction showed proton signal of carbon on the aromatic ring proton signals from carbon double bond outside the ring aromatic proton signals of carbon bonded to O proton signals of carbon bonded to the aromatic ring proton signals from carbon bonded to a carbonyl methylene and methyl proton signal that bind to the hydrocarbon chain.
210011816A1M011008FORMULASI DAN KARAKTERISASI MI KERING BERBAHAN MOCAF, TEPUNG AMPAS TAHU, DAN SARI WORTELPenelitian bertujuan untuk memperoleh proporsi optimum MOCAF dan tepung ampas tahu, serta konsentrasi optimum sari wortel yang dapat ditambahkan pada pembuatan mi kering sehingga menghasilkan produk yang mengandung kadar protein, serat, dan karoten yang tinggi. Percobaan menggunakan desain komposit pusat dan metode respon permukaan pada piranti lunak Design Expert v.9.0.3 dari dua faktor yang diujikan, yaitu proporsi MOCAF dan konsentrasi sari wortel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mi kering dengan perbandingan proporsi MOCAF dan tepung ampas tahu, yaitu 76% : 24% dan konsentrasi wortel 6,46% adalah mi kering dengan karakteristik kimia dan sensoris yang paling optimum. Mi kering tersebut menghasilkan produk dengan kandungan 3,43% bb kadar air; 2,84% bk (2,74% bb) kadar abu; 8,08% bk (7,80% bb) kadar lemak; 9,28% bk (8,96% bb) kadar protein total; 71,58% bk (69,12% bb) kadar karbohidrat; 8,23% bk (7,95% bb) kadar serat kasar; 2,11 mg/100 g (2108,34 μg/100 g) total karoten; warna kuning (3,5); tekstur agak kenyal (3,35); rasa enak (3,95); dan tingkat kesukaan suka (4).The aim of this research was to acquire the optimum proportion of MOCAF and toffu dregs flour, and to acquire the optimum concentration of carrot juice that can be added to the formula to produce dry noodles which has high protein, fiber, and carotene contents. This research was designed as Central Composite Design (CCD) and optimized as Respon Surface Methodology (RSM) at Design Expert v.9.0.3’s software of two factors, those were proportion of MOCAF and concentration of carrot juice. The result showed that proportion of MOCAF : toffu dregs flour as many as 76% : 26% and 6,46% of carrot juice concentration can produce dry noodles with the optimum chemical and sensory characteristic. That formula produce dry noodles which composition of 3,43% wb water content; 2,84% db (2,74% wb) ash content; 8,08% db (7,80% wb) fat; 9,28% db (8,96% wb) protein; 71,58% db (69,12% wb) carbohydrate; 8,23% db (7,95% wb) crude fiber; 2,11 mg/100 g (2108,34 μg/100 g) carotenoid; 3,5 yellow color; 3,35 mid-chewy texture; 3,95 neutral – like flavor; and 4 overall acceptance.