Artikel Ilmiah : A1L014143 a.n. ADE HERNI NURBAITI INTANI
| NIM | A1L014143 |
|---|---|
| Namamhs | ADE HERNI NURBAITI INTANI |
| Judul Artikel | PEMANFAATAN Pseudomonas Kelompok fluorescens ENDOFIT TANAMAN JAGUNG UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT HAWAR PELEPAH JAGUNG (Rhizoctonia solani) |
| Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia) | Jagung merupakan komoditas palawija utama di Indonesia. Penurunan produksi jagung dapat mencapai 100% karena penyakit hawar pelepah jagung yang disebabkan oleh jamur Rhizoctonia solani. Perlu adanya pengendalian yang efektif salah satunya memanfaatkan bakteri endofit Pseudomonas fluorescen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji potensi P. fluorescens dalam menekan pertumbuhan R. solani in vitro, mengetahui efektifitas bakteri P. fluorescens dalam mengendalikan R. solani pada tanaman jagung, dan mengetahui kemampuan P. fluorescens terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman jagung. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman dan lahan Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Maret 2018 sampai Desember 2018. Eksplorasi bakteri endofit pada tanaman jagung di ambil dari Kabupaten Banyumas (Baturaden, Sumbang, Kembaran), dan Kabupaten Purbalingga (Pratin, Bojong, dan Padamara). Isolasi jamur patogen pada tanaman jagung di Arcawinangun, Purwokerto (Banyumas). Metode pengambilan sampel tanaman untuk isolasi bakteri endofit menggunakan Sample Random Purposive, dan metode pengambilan sampel dengan Diagonal Sampling. Pengujian in vitro menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap, dan pengujian in planta menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap, terdiri atas 8 perlakuan, dan 4 ulangan, terdiri atas kontrol, fungisida, dan 2 isolat bakteri endofit dengan aplikasi perendaman, dan rendam siram. Variabel yang diamati meliputi karakterisasi bakteri endofit dan jamur patogen, daya hambat, masa inkubasi, kejadian penyakit, intensitas penyakit, AUDPC, tinggi tanaman, bobot segar tanaman, bobot segar tajuk tanaman, dan bobot segar akar tanaman. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 9 bakteri endofit Pseudomonas kelompok fluorescens. Bakteri P. fluorescens P6 dan P8 mampu menghambat pertumbuhan R. solani in vitro masing-masing sebesar 65,67%, dan 51%. Bakteri P. fluorescens P6 rendam, dan P6+P8 rendam siram dapat menunda masa inkubasi masingmasing 52.63 dan 42.11%, menurunkan intensitas penyakit 68,1%, dan menurunkan nilai AUDPC 54.73%. Bakteri endofit mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, bobot segar tanaman, bobot tajuk, dan bobot akar secara berturut-turut sebesar 14.63, 38.35, 38.50, dan 76.16%. |
| Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris) | Maize is the main crop commodity in Indonesia. Maize production decline can reach 100% due to Banded Leaf and Sheath Blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani. It is necessary to controls effectively, and one of the control is the use of Pseudomonas fluorescence endophytic bacteria. This research aimed to study the potenty of P. fluorescens in suppressing are R. solani growth in vitro, determine effectiveness of the bacteria in controlling R. solanii in maize and the effectively of the bacteria on maize growth. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Protection and the Experimental field, the Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Sudirman University, from March to December 2018. Exploration of the endophytic bacteria in maize plants was taken from Banyumas Regency (Baturaden, Sumbang, Kembaran), and Purbalingga (Pratin, Bojong, and Padamara) Regencys. Isolation of pathogenic fungus was obtained in maize plants at the Arca Winangun, Karangwangkal Village, Purwokerto (Banyumas). taking samples using the Purposive Random Sampling method, and samples were taken using the Diagonal Sampling method. In vitro test were used completely randomized design, and in planta test were used randomized completely block design. In planta tests this 8 treatments, and 4 replicates. The treatments consisted of control, fungicides (mancozeb), and 2 endophytes bacteria isolates with soaking applications, and soakingspraying applications. The variables observed were included the characterization of endophytic bacteria and pathogenic fungus, inhibition diameter, incubation period, disease incidence, disease intensity, AUDPC, crop height, crop fresh weight, crop canopy weight, and crop root fresh weights. Results of the research showed that 9 Pseudomonas fluorescens endophytic bacteria group. Were obtain endophytic P6 and P8 could to inhibit the growth of R. solani in vitro by 65.67 and 51%, respectively. Endophytic soaking P6 bacteria, and P6 + P8 soaking-spraying can delay the incubation period of 52,63 and 42,11%, respectively, reduce disease intensity 68,19%, and could decrease AUDPC value 54,73%, respectively. Endophytic the bacteria are could increase crop height, crop fresh weight, crop canopy weight, and crop root fresh weights of 14,63, 38,35, 38,50, dan 76,16 % respectively. |
| Kata kunci | Maize, Bacteri endophytic Pseudomonas fluorescens |
| Pembimbing 1 | Prof. Ir. Loekas Soesanto, M.S., Ph.D. |
| Pembimbing 2 | Prof. Dr. Ir. Suwarto, M.S. |
| Pembimbing 3 | |
| Tahun | 2019 |
| Jumlah Halaman | 63 |
| Tgl. Entri | 2019-04-15 23:44:27.497348 |