Update Artikelilmiah: 24911

ADE HERNI NURBAITI INTANI

NIM

Judul Artikel

Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Jagung merupakan komoditas palawija utama di Indonesia. Penurunan
produksi jagung dapat mencapai 100% karena penyakit hawar pelepah jagung
yang disebabkan oleh jamur Rhizoctonia solani. Perlu adanya pengendalian yang
efektif salah satunya memanfaatkan bakteri endofit Pseudomonas fluorescen.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji potensi P. fluorescens dalam menekan
pertumbuhan R. solani in vitro, mengetahui efektifitas bakteri P. fluorescens
dalam mengendalikan R. solani pada tanaman jagung, dan mengetahui
kemampuan P. fluorescens terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman jagung.
Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman dan lahan
Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Penelitian
dilaksanakan pada Maret 2018 sampai Desember 2018. Eksplorasi bakteri endofit
pada tanaman jagung di ambil dari Kabupaten Banyumas (Baturaden, Sumbang,
Kembaran), dan Kabupaten Purbalingga (Pratin, Bojong, dan Padamara). Isolasi
jamur patogen pada tanaman jagung di Arcawinangun, Purwokerto (Banyumas).
Metode pengambilan sampel tanaman untuk isolasi bakteri endofit menggunakan
Sample Random Purposive, dan metode pengambilan sampel dengan Diagonal
Sampling. Pengujian in vitro menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap, dan
pengujian in planta menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap, terdiri
atas 8 perlakuan, dan 4 ulangan, terdiri atas kontrol, fungisida, dan 2 isolat bakteri
endofit dengan aplikasi perendaman, dan rendam siram. Variabel yang diamati
meliputi karakterisasi bakteri endofit dan jamur patogen, daya hambat, masa
inkubasi, kejadian penyakit, intensitas penyakit, AUDPC, tinggi tanaman, bobot
segar tanaman, bobot segar tajuk tanaman, dan bobot segar akar tanaman.
Hasil penelitian diperoleh 9 bakteri endofit Pseudomonas kelompok
fluorescens. Bakteri P. fluorescens P6 dan P8 mampu menghambat pertumbuhan
R. solani in vitro masing-masing sebesar 65,67%, dan 51%. Bakteri P. fluorescens
P6 rendam, dan P6+P8 rendam siram dapat menunda masa inkubasi masingmasing
52.63 dan 42.11%, menurunkan intensitas penyakit 68,1%, dan
menurunkan nilai AUDPC 54.73%. Bakteri endofit mampu meningkatkan tinggi
tanaman, bobot segar tanaman, bobot tajuk, dan bobot akar secara berturut-turut
sebesar 14.63, 38.35, 38.50, dan 76.16%.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Maize is the main crop commodity in Indonesia. Maize production decline
can reach 100% due to Banded Leaf and Sheath Blight caused by Rhizoctonia
solani. It is necessary to controls effectively, and one of the control is the use of
Pseudomonas fluorescence endophytic bacteria. This research aimed to study the
potenty of P. fluorescens in suppressing are R. solani growth in vitro, determine
effectiveness of the bacteria in controlling R. solanii in maize and the effectively of the
bacteria on maize growth.
The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Protection and the
Experimental field, the Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Sudirman University, from
March to December 2018. Exploration of the endophytic bacteria in maize plants was
taken from Banyumas Regency (Baturaden, Sumbang, Kembaran), and Purbalingga
(Pratin, Bojong, and Padamara) Regencys. Isolation of pathogenic fungus was obtained
in maize plants at the Arca Winangun, Karangwangkal Village, Purwokerto (Banyumas).
taking samples using the Purposive Random Sampling method, and samples were taken
using the Diagonal Sampling method. In vitro test were used completely randomized
design, and in planta test were used randomized completely block design. In planta tests
this 8 treatments, and 4 replicates. The treatments consisted of control, fungicides
(mancozeb), and 2 endophytes bacteria isolates with soaking applications, and soakingspraying
applications. The variables observed were included the characterization of
endophytic bacteria and pathogenic fungus, inhibition diameter, incubation period,
disease incidence, disease intensity, AUDPC, crop height, crop fresh weight, crop
canopy weight, and crop root fresh weights.
Results of the research showed that 9 Pseudomonas fluorescens endophytic
bacteria group. Were obtain endophytic P6 and P8 could to inhibit the growth of R.
solani in vitro by 65.67 and 51%, respectively. Endophytic soaking P6 bacteria, and P6 +
P8 soaking-spraying can delay the incubation period of 52,63 and 42,11%, respectively,
reduce disease intensity 68,19%, and could decrease AUDPC value 54,73%, respectively.
Endophytic the bacteria are could increase crop height, crop fresh weight, crop canopy
weight, and crop root fresh weights of 14,63, 38,35, 38,50, dan 76,16 % respectively.

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