Update Artikelilmiah: 48991

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) merupakan infeksi saluran napas
bawah yang muncul ≥48 jam setelah pasien dirawat di rumah sakit dan
berdampak signifikan terhadap morbiditas serta mortalitas. Penelitian ini
bertujuan mengevaluasi ketepatan pemilihan dan pendosisan antibiotik
definitif serta hubungannya dengan clinical outcome pasien HAP
dewasa di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto dengan desain
observasional deskriptif analitik retrospektif menggunakan data rekam
medis periode Januari–Desember 2024. Ketepatan terapi dievaluasi
berdasarkan hasil kultur bakteri dan kesesuaian dengan pedoman IDSA
(2016), PNPK (2023), serta DIH (2021), dan dianalisis secara univariat
serta bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square dengan tingkat signifikansi
5%. Dari 35 sampel, ditemukan 62 regimen antibiotik mayoritas berupa
monoterapi (82,4%) dengan meropenem paling sering digunakan,
ketepatan berdasarkan hasil kultur sebesar 48,6%, berdasarkan guideline
24,2%, dan ketepatan dosis 44,3%. Sebanyak 53,2% pasien tercatat
mengalami perbaikan klinis, di mana pasien yang mendapat terapi tepat
cenderung memiliki outcome klinis lebih baik, meskipun hubungan ini
tidak signifikan secara statistik (p>0,05). Hasil ini menunjukkan
perlunya optimalisasi penggunaan antibiotik berbasis kultur dan
guideline untuk meningkatkan efektivitas terapi serta mencegah
resistensi antimikroba.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is a lower respiratory tract
infection occurring ≥48 hours after hospitalization, increasing morbidity
and mortality. This descriptive-analytic observational retrospective
study aimed to evaluate the appropriateness of definitive antibiotic
selection and dosing and its relationship with clinical outcomes in adult
HAP patients at RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto using
medical records from January to December 2024. Appropriateness was
assessed based on bacterial culture results and guidelines (IDSA 2016,
PNPK 2023, DIH 2021), with univariate and bivariate analysis using the
Chi-square test at a 5% significance level. Among 35 samples with 62
antibiotic regimens, most antibiotics were given as monotherapy
(82.4%), with meropenem being most frequently used. Appropriateness
of definitive antibiotics was 48.6% based on culture, 24.2% based on
guidelines, and 44.3% for dosing accuracy. Clinical improvement was
observed in 53.2% of patients, with a trend toward better outcomes in
those receiving appropriate antibiotics, although no statistically
significant relationship was found (p > 0.05). These results indicate that
while the appropriateness of definitive antibiotic therapy was relatively
low, rational antibiotic use remains crucial to improve outcomes and
prevent resistance.

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