Artikel Ilmiah : A1C022070 a.n. IFFANDA NIKOLA

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NIMA1C022070
NamamhsIFFANDA NIKOLA
Judul ArtikelPengaruh Kadar Air dan Jenis Tanah Terhadap Luas Bidang
Kontak Pada Traktor Roda Dua Menggunakan Metode
Perhitungan ImageJ, Gravimetri, dan Regresi
Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)Pengolahan tanah menggunakan traktor roda dua berpotensi menimbulkan
pemadatan tanah akibat tekanan mekanis roda yang dipengaruhi oleh jenis tanah, kadar
air tanah, serta besarnya luas bidang kontak dengan permukaan tanah, namun penelitian
mengenai hal ini masih terbatas sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis
pengaruh jenis tanah dan kadar air terhadap luas bidang kontak roda traktor roda dua
sekaligus mengukur luas bidang kontak roda menggunakan tiga metode pengukuran yaitu
ImageJ, Gravimetri, dan Regresi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Banyumas pada
tiga lokasi dengan kelas tekstur tanah yang berbeda, yaitu tanah Andosol di Kecamatan
Sokaraja (lempung/loam), Latosol di Kecamatan Purwokerto Barat (lempung
berpasir/sandy loam), dan Podsolik di Kecamatan Patikraja (liat berdebu/silty clay).
Pengujian menggunakan dua perlakuan, yaitu jenis tanah (S1 = Andosol, S2 = Latosol,
S3 = Podsolik) dan kadar air tanah (W1 = rendah, W2 = sedang air, W3 = tinggi), sehingga
menghasilkan 9 kombinasi perlakuan yang masing-masing diulang sebanyak 7 kali
hingga diperoleh total 63 sampel penelitian.
Luas bidang kontak diukur dari sampel pola cetakan busa EVA foam menggunakan
tiga metode, yaitu pengolahan citra digital (ImageJ), rasio bobot massa material
(Gravimetri), dan persamaan matematika (Regresi), kemudian validasi metode
pengukuran dievaluasi menggunakan analisis Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) terhadap
20 variasi ukuran pola persegi geometri standar. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) untuk mengetahui pengaruh signifikan dari perlakuan
terhadap luas bidang kontak, uji Wilcoxon’s signed range test dengan koreksi Bonferroni
(0,0167) untuk mengetahui perbedaan signifikan luas bidang kontak roda dari ketiga
metode pengukuran, serta uji lanjut Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf
signifikansi 5%.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis tanah dan kadar air berpengaruh nyata
terhadap luas bidang kontak roda, di mana jenis tanah Podsolik (S3) menghasilkan nilai
rata-rata tertinggi, diikuti oleh tanah Andosol (S1), dan terendah pada tanah Latosol (S2).
Tingkat kadar air tanah terbukti menjadi faktor paling dominan karena peningkatan kadar
air mereduksi kekuatan geser dan daya dukung tanah sehingga memicu roda amblas
(sinkage) lebih dalam dan memperluas area kontak secara signifikan seiring
bertambahnya kadar air (W3 > W2 > W1). Berdasarkan hasil uji validasi RMSE, metode
pengolahan citra digital ImageJ memiliki tingkat presisi dan akurasi paling tinggi dengan
nilai galat terkecil (RMSE = 1,951), diikuti metode Regresi (RMSE = 2,102), dan metode
Gravimetri dengan galat terbesar (RMSE = 3,380), sehingga metode ImageJ terbukti
paling presisi dan andal untuk pengukuran luas bidang kontak roda traktor di lapangan.
Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)Tillage using two-wheel tractors potentially induces soil compaction due to
mechanical wheel pressure, which is influenced by soil type, soil moisture content, and
the wheel soil contact area; however, research addressing this issue remains limited.
Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effects of soil type and moisture content on the
contact area characteristics of two wheel tractor wheels, while simultaneously measuring
the wheel contact area using three analytical methods: ImageJ, Gravimetry, and
Regression. The study was conducted in Banyumas Regency across three sites with
distinct soil texture classes: Andosol in Sokaraja Subdistrict (loam), Latosol in West
Purwokerto Subdistrict (sandy loam), and Podzolic in Patikraja Subdistrict (silty clay).
The experiment employed two treatments, namely soil type (S1 = Andosol, S2 = Latosol,
S3 = Podzolic) and soil moisture content (W1 = low, W2 = medium, W3 = high), using 9
treatment combinations that were each replicated 7 times to obtain a total of 63
experimental samples. The contact area was measured from imprint patterns on EVA foam
samples using three methods: digital image processing (ImageJ), material weight-to-
mass ratio (Gravimetry), and mathematical equation (Regression), after which the
validity of the measurement methods was evaluated using Root Mean Square Error
(RMSE) analysis against 20 size variations of standard geometric square patterns.
Data analysis was performed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to determine the
significant effects of the treatments on the contact area, the Wilcoxon’s signed range test
with Bonferroni correction (0,0167) to identify significant differences in the wheel contact
area among the three measurement methods, and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT)
at a 5% significance level. The results demonstrated that soil type and moisture content
had a significant effect on the wheel contact area, with the Podzolic soil (S3) generating
the highest average value, followed by Andosol (S1), and the lowest in Latosol (S2). Soil
moisture content proved to be the most dominant factor, as increasing moisture reduced
soil shear strength and bearing capacity, thereby triggering deeper wheel sinkage and
significantly expanding the contact area as moisture content increased (W3 > W2 > W1).
Based on the RMSE validation results, the ImageJ digital image processing method
exhibited the highest degree of precision and accuracy with the smallest error value
(RMSE = 1.951), followed by the Regression method (RMSE = 2.102), and the
Gravimetry method with the largest error (RMSE = 3,380), proving that the ImageJ
method is the most precise and reliable for measuring tractor wheel contact area in the
field.
Kata kunciTraktor roda dua, luas bidang kontak roda, pemadatan tanah, jenis tanah, kadar air tanah, ImageJ.
Pembimbing 1Purwoko Hari Kuncoro, S.TP., M.Agr., Ph.D.
Pembimbing 2Ir. Gigieh Henggar Jaya, S.T.P., M. Sc.
Pembimbing 3-
Tahun2026
Jumlah Halaman10
Tgl. Entri2026-08-26 12:03:34.606026
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