Artikel Ilmiah : B1A022127 a.n. FITRI AVIFA RAHMAH
| NIM | B1A022127 |
|---|---|
| Namamhs | FITRI AVIFA RAHMAH |
| Judul Artikel | Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) terhadap Bakteri Cutibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus epidermidis |
| Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia) | Jerawat merupakan salah satu penyakit kulit yang banyak disebabkan oleh pertumbuhan bakteri Cutibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus epidermidis. Penggunaan antibiotik secara terus-menerus dapat memicu terjadinya resistensi, sehingga diperlukan alternatif antibakteri yang berasal dari bahan alam. Daun bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) diketahui mengandung berbagai senyawa metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Namun, penelitian mengenai aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun bandotan terhadap C. acnes dan S. epidermidis masih terbatas, terutama terkait penentuan nilai Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) dan Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun bandotan terhadap C. acnes dan S. epidermidis, serta menentukan nilai MIC dan MBC. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial yang terdiri atas dua faktor, yaitu jenis bakteri dan konsentrasi ekstrak daun bandotan. Variabel bebas penelitian meliputi jenis bakteri dan konsentrasi ekstrak daun bandotan, sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah aktivitas antibakteri. Parameter utama meliputi diameter zona hambat, nilai optical density (OD), dan pertumbuhan koloni. Parameter pendukung berupa kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder berdasarkan hasil skrining fitokimia dan suhu pemanasan ekstrak. Aktivitas antibakteri diuji menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Nilai MIC ditentukan dengan metode dilusi cair berdasarkan perubahan nilai OD yang diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer, sedangkan nilai MBC ditentukan berdasarkan pertumbuhan koloni pada media padat. Pengaruh pemanasan ekstrak terhadap aktivitas antibakteri ditentukan berdasarkan perbandingan nilai indeks zona hambat antara ekstrak pada suhu 50ºC dan suhu pemanasan 80ºC. Data aktivitas antibakteri dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dua arah yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Data skrining fitokimia, uji MIC, dan uji MBC dianalisis secara deskriptif, sedangkan data pengaruh pemanasan ekstrak dianalisis secara deskriptif dan uji t independen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun bandotan mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin. Konsentrasi ekstrak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap indeks zona hambat, sedangkan jenis bakteri serta interaksi antara jenis bakteri dan konsentrasi ekstrak tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Konsentrasi ekstrak 100% menghasilkan nilai indeks zona hambat tertinggi, yaitu sebesar 1,768, diikuti oleh konsentrasi 75% sebesar 1,430 dan konsentrasi 50% sebesar 1,163. Nilai MIC terhadap C. acnes dan S. epidermidis ditetapkan sebesar 25%, sedangkan nilai MBC belum diperoleh pada rentang konsentrasi uji hingga 75%, sehingga ekstrak cenderung memiliki mekanisme kerja yang bersifat bakteriostatik. Perlakuan pemanasan ekstrak pada suhu 80°C meningkatkan indeks zona hambat terhadap C. acnes dan S. epidermidis, tetapi peningkatan tersebut tidak signifikan secara statistik. |
| Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris) | Acne is one of the most common skin diseases caused by the growth of Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Prolonged antibiotic use may lead to bacterial resistance, highlighting the need for alternative antibacterial agents derived from natural sources. Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) leaves contain various secondary metabolites with potential antibacterial activity. However, research on the antibacterial activity of bandotan leaf extract against C. acnes and S. epidermidis remains limited, particularly regarding the determination of its Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). This study aimed to analyze the antibacterial activity of bandotan leaf extract against C. acnes and S. epidermidis and to determine its Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). This study employed an experimental method using a factorial Completely Randomized Design consisting of two factors: bacterial species and bandotan leaf extract concentration. The independent variables were bacterial species and extract concentration, while the dependent variable was antibacterial activity. The primary parameters included inhibition zone diameter, optical density (OD), and bacterial colony growth. The supporting parameters consisted of the secondary metabolite content determined by phytochemical screening and the extract heating temperature. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disk diffusion method. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined by the broth dilution method based on changes in optical density (OD) measured using a spectrophotometer, whereas the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was determined based on bacterial colony growth on solid medium. The effect of extract heating on antibacterial activity was evaluated by comparing the inhibition zone index of the extract at the temperature 50°C and the temperature 80°C. Antibacterial activity data were analyzed using two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. Phytochemical screening, MIC, and MBC data were analyzed descriptively, whereas the extract heating effect data were analyzed descriptively and using an independent t-test. The results showed that bandotan leaf extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. Extract concentration had a significant effect on the inhibition zone index, whereas bacterial species and the interaction between bacterial species and extract concentration had no significant effect. The 100% extract concentration produced the highest inhibition zone index value (1.768), followed by the 75% concentration (1.430) and the 50% concentration (1.163). The MIC against Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis was determined to be 25%, whereas the MBC was not obtained within the tested concentration range of up to 75%, indicating that the extract exhibited a bacteriostatic mode of action. Heating the extract at 80 °C increased the inhibition zone index against C. acnes and S. epidermidis; however, the increase was not statistically significant. |
| Kata kunci | Ageratum conyzoides L., antibakteri, Cutibacterium acnes, jerawat, Staphylococcus epidermidis |
| Pembimbing 1 | Dr. Rizal Khoirun Alfisah, S.Si., M.Si. |
| Pembimbing 2 | Prof. Dr. Elly Proklamasiningsih, M.P. |
| Pembimbing 3 | |
| Tahun | 2026 |
| Jumlah Halaman | 75 |
| Tgl. Entri | 2026-08-21 12:34:03.389999 |