Artikel Ilmiah : B1A022025 a.n. TALITHA SALSABILA
| NIM | B1A022025 |
|---|---|
| Namamhs | TALITHA SALSABILA |
| Judul Artikel | EFEKTIVITAS BIOINSEKTISIDA BERBASIS ECO-ENZYME DARI TANAMAN ZODIA (Evodia suaveolens) DAN SERAI WANGI (Cymbopogon nardus) TERHADAP Aedes aegypti |
| Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia) | Demam dengue merupakan salah satu penyakit yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di Indonesia dengan vektor utama Ae. aegypti. Pengendalian larva umumnya masih menggunakan insektisida sintetis, namun penggunaannya secara terus-menerus dapat menimbulkan resistensi serta berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Salah satu alternatif pengendalian yang lebih ramah lingkungan adalah pemanfaatan bioinsektisida berbasis eco-enzyme. Eco-enzyme merupakan hasil fermentasi bahan organik yang mengandung metabolit hasil fermentasi serta senyawa bioaktif dari bahan penyusunnya. Tanaman zodia (Evodia suaveolens) dan serai wangi (Cymbopogon nardus) diketahui memiliki kandungan senyawa yang bersifat insektisida sehingga berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku eco-enzyme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh eco-enzyme berbasis tanaman zodia dan serai wangi terhadap mortalitas dan perkembangan larva Ae. aegypti, serta menentukan nilai LC₅₀ dan LC₉₀ sebagai dasar penentuan konsentrasi efektif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan secara eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Uji pendahuluan dilakukan menggunakan kontrol negatif (akuades) dan konsentrasi eco-enzyme 0,625%; 1,25%; 2,5%; 5%; 10%; 20%; dan 40% untuk menentukan nilai LC₅₀ dan LC₉₀ melalui analisis probit. Uji utama terdiri atas kontrol negatif, kontrol positif (abate), serta lima konsentrasi eco-enzyme hasil analisis probit dengan empat kali ulangan dan masing-masing ulangan menggunakan 10 ekor larva instar III Ae. aegypti. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pH eco-enzyme, hasil uji fitokimia kualitatif dan kuantitatif, persentase mortalitas larva, lama perkembangan larva menjadi pupa dan dewasa, serta persentase larva yang berkembang menjadi pupa dan dewasa. Data mortalitas dianalisis menggunakan uji Shapiro-Wilk, Levene, Kruskal-Wallis, dan dilanjutkan uji Mann-Whitney pada taraf signifikansi 5%, sedangkan parameter lainnya dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eco-enzyme zodia dan serai wangi memiliki pH di bawah 4 serta mengandung senyawa tanin, saponin, dan steroid. Eco-enzyme zodia maupun serai wangi berpengaruh terhadap mortalitas dan perkembangan larva Ae. aegypti. Eco-enzyme serai wangi memiliki aktivitas larvasida yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan eco-enzyme zodia berdasarkan nilai LC₅₀ sebesar 0,241% dan LC₉₀ sebesar 1,227%, sedangkan eco-enzyme zodia memiliki nilai LC₅₀ sebesar 3,960% dan LC₉₀ sebesar 8,726%. Peningkatan konsentrasi eco-enzyme meningkatkan mortalitas larva dan menghambat perkembangan larva menuju fase pupa dan dewasa. Eco-enzyme berbasis tanaman zodia dan serai wangi berpotensi digunakan sebagai bioinsektisida nabati terhadap larva Ae. aegypti, dengan eco-enzyme serai wangi menunjukkan efektivitas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan eco-enzyme zodia. |
| Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris) | Dengue fever remains one of the major public health problems in Indonesia, with Aedes aegypti as its primary vector. Larval control is generally carried out using synthetic insecticides; however, their continuous use may lead to insecticide resistance and adverse environmental impacts. An environmentally friendly alternative is the use of eco-enzyme-based bioinsecticides. Eco-enzyme is a fermented organic solution containing fermentation metabolites and bioactive compounds derived from its raw materials. Zodia (Evodia suaveolens) and citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) are known to contain insecticidal compounds, making them potential raw materials for eco-enzyme production. This study aimed to determine the effects of eco-enzymes derived from zodia and citronella on the mortality and development of Aedes aegypti larvae and to determine the LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values as the basis for selecting effective concentrations. This study was conducted experimentally using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). A preliminary test was carried out using a negative control (distilled water) and eco-enzyme concentrations of 0.625%, 1.25%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40% to determine the LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values through probit analysis. The main experiment consisted of a negative control, a positive control (temephos), and five eco-enzyme concentrations determined from the probit analysis, with four replications and ten third-instar Ae. aegypti larvae in each experimental unit. The observed parameters included eco-enzyme pH, qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses, larval mortality percentage, larval development time to the pupal and adult stages, and the percentage of larvae developing into pupae and adults. Mortality data were analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk, Levene, Kruskal–Wallis, and Mann–Whitney tests at a 5% significance level, while the remaining parameters were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that both zodia and citronella eco-enzymes had pH values below 4 and contained tannins, saponins, and steroids. Both eco-enzymes significantly affected the mortality and development of Ae. aegypti larvae. Citronella eco-enzyme exhibited higher larvicidal activity than zodia eco-enzyme, with LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values of 0.241% and 1.227%, respectively, whereas zodia eco-enzyme showed LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values of 3.960% and 8.726%, respectively. Increasing eco-enzyme concentrations increased larval mortality and inhibited larval development into the pupal and adult stages. Eco-enzymes derived from zodia and citronella have the potential to be used as plant-based bioinsecticides against Ae. aegypti larvae, with citronella eco-enzyme showing greater effectiveness than zodia eco-enzyme. |
| Kata kunci | Aedes aegypti, Eco-enzyme, larva instar III, serai wangi, zodia |
| Pembimbing 1 | Prof. Dr. Trisnowati Budi Ambarningrum, M.Si. |
| Pembimbing 2 | Dr. Puji Lestari, S.Si., M.Si. |
| Pembimbing 3 | - |
| Tahun | 2026 |
| Jumlah Halaman | 58 |
| Tgl. Entri | 2026-08-21 01:27:36.877106 |