Artikel Ilmiah : A1D021095 a.n. MAHENDRA ALFIQIH
| NIM | A1D021095 |
|---|---|
| Namamhs | MAHENDRA ALFIQIH |
| Judul Artikel | VARIABILITAS INFESTASI HAMA SERANGGA PADA PADI (Oryza sativa) VARIETAS PROTANI DI TIGA AGROEKOLOGI: STUDI KASUS PEKALONGAN, BREBES, DAN CILACAP |
| Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia) | Varietas unggul yang dikembangkan untuk menjawab tantangan kebutuhan pangan Indonesia salah satunya adalah Inpago Unsoed Protani yang resmi diedarkan pada tahun 2020 melalui Keputusan Menteri Pertanian No. 980/HK.540/C/10/2020. Sebagai varietas baru, perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan untuk mengkaji adaptasi dan ketahanannya terhadap hama di berbagai kondisi agroekologi. Infestasi hama, yakni serangan organisme pengganggu dalam jumlah merugikan, perlu dievaluasi lintas lingkungan karena keberhasilan varietas tidak hanya ditentukan oleh genetik, tetapi juga oleh kemampuannya menghadapi tekanan lingkungan dan hama. Penelitian ini menganalisis variabilitas infestasi hama serangga pada padi Protani di tiga zona agroekologi di Jawa Tengah bagian utara, tengah, dan selatan: Pekalongan (70 mdpl), Brebes (500 mdpl), dan Cilacap (8 mdpl). Kajian meliputi identifikasi hama utama, intensitas serangan, serta pengaruh suhu, curah hujan, dan ketinggian terhadap pola infestasi. Dampaknya terhadap produktivitas panen juga dianalisis secara kuantitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi langsung pada fase generatif padi. Pekalongan mencatat infestasi tertinggi (1,65%) dan hasil panen terendah (3,28 ton/Ha), didominasi ulat grayak, ngengat, dan belalang hijau. Brebes menunjukkan infestasi terendah (0,83%) dan hasil tertinggi (7,82 ton/Ha), hanya diserang belalang hijau. Cilacap memiliki curah hujan tertinggi, infestasi 0,79%, dan hasil 7,20 ton/Ha. Korelasi menunjukkan suhu, curah hujan, dan ketinggian tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap intensitas serangan. Perbedaan agroekologi secara keseluruhan, yang mencakup kondisi fisik, keberadaan musuh alami, dan pola budidaya, berkontribusi terhadap variasi hasil panen antar lokasi. Uji ANOVA dan Tukey mengonfirmasi perbedaan signifikan antar lokasi. Hasil menunjukkan Brebes unggul berkat keberadaan musuh alami dan ekosistem penyangga. Sebaliknya, Pekalongan membutuhkan strategi pengendalian yang lebih intensif. Meskipun Cilacap memiliki curah hujan tinggi dan keanekaragaman hama lebih besar, hasil panennya tetap tinggi karena dukungan praktik pengelolaan tanaman dan kehadiran musuh alami seperti capung dan kumbang koksi. |
| Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris) | One of the superior varieties developed to address Indonesia’s food security challenges is Inpago Unsoed Protani, which was officially released in 2020 through the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture No. 980/HK.540/C/10/2020. As a newly introduced variety, further research is necessary to evaluate its adaptation and resistance to insect pests under various agroecological conditions. Pest infestation—defined as the damaging presence of pest organisms in significant numbers—must be assessed across different environments, as the success of a variety depends not only on its genetic potential but also on its ability to cope with environmental and biotic stressors. This study analyzes the variability of insect pest infestation on Oryza sativa var. Protani across three agroecological zones in northern, central, and southern Central Java: Pekalongan (70 m asl), Brebes (500 m asl), and Cilacap (8 m asl). The study includes the identification of key pest species, evaluation of infestation intensity, and analysis of the effects of temperature, rainfall, and elevation on infestation patterns. The impact of pest infestation on yield productivity is also quantitatively assessed. Data were collected through direct field observations during the generative stage of rice, a critical phase for yield formation. Pekalongan recorded the highest infestation rate (1.65%) and the lowest yield (3.28 tons/ha), with armyworms, moths, and green grasshoppers as dominant pests. Brebes exhibited the lowest infestation (0.83%) and the highest yield (7.82 tons/ha), with only green grasshoppers present. Cilacap, with the highest rainfall, showed an infestation rate of 0.79% and a yield of 7.20 tons/ha. Correlation analysis indicated that temperature, rainfall, and elevation did not significantly influence infestation intensity. The overall differences in agroecological conditions, including physical factors, the presence of natural enemies, and cultivation patterns, contribute to the variation in crop yields between locations. ANOVA and Tukey tests confirmed significant differences among locations. The findings indicate that Brebes outperforms the other sites due to the presence of natural enemies and a supporting agroecosystem. In contrast, Pekalongan requires more intensive pest management strategies. Despite higher rainfall and greater pest diversity, Cilacap maintained high yields, supported by effective crop management practices and the presence of natural enemies such as dragonflies and lady beetles. |
| Kata kunci | ekologi, hama, padi, protani |
| Pembimbing 1 | Dra. Nurtiati, M.S. |
| Pembimbing 2 | Prof. Ir. Totok Agung Dwi Haryanto, M.P., Ph.D. |
| Pembimbing 3 | |
| Tahun | 2025 |
| Jumlah Halaman | 15 |
| Tgl. Entri | 2025-07-24 11:41:12.453729 |