Artikel Ilmiah : F2B017011 a.n. SUPRIYANTO
| NIM | F2B017011 |
|---|---|
| Namamhs | SUPRIYANTO |
| Judul Artikel | MODEL PENDIDIKAN KEPARIWISATAAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DI DESA CANDIRENGGO KECAMATAN AYAH KABUPATEN KEBUMEN |
| Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia) | ABSTRAK Industri pariwisata lahir karena perbedaan, keunikan, keberagaman etnis lokal, keindahan bentang alam, flora, fauna ataupun kebudayaan sebagai hasil cipta, karsa, rasa dan budi manusia. Desa Candirenggo merupakan salah satu desa yang terletak di Kecamatan Ayah Kabupaten Kebumen. Memiliki potensi wisata alam diantaranya Goa Petruk yang menjadi primadona dan ikon objek wisata di Desa Candirenggo yang dikelola oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten Kebumen, selain itu juga masih ada objek wisata alam lainnya yang selama ini dikelola masyarakat diantaranya: tebing Putih di Dusun Mandayana, goa Liah, goa Macan di Dusun Teba, goa Duren Renteng di Dusun Karanggondong, goa Simpenan, goa Jemblongan, goa Surupan 1, goa Banyu, goa Lanse, goa Kandangan, goa Glatik, air terjun Curug dan Leses. Semenjak tahun 2009 telah ditetapkan sebagai desa wisata, namun sampai saat ini perkembangan wisatanya tidak maksimal dan jumlah pengunjung pun mengalami penurunan yang signifikan. Desa Candirenggo memiliki berbagai potensi sumber daya alam dan budaya yang merupakan modal awal dalam mengembangkan desa wisata berbasis masyarakat Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keterlibatan masyarakat, pemerintah dan swasta dalam pendidikan kepariwisataan, serta untuk menyusun model pendidikan kepariwisataan dalam pengembangan desa wisata berbasis masyarakat di Desa Candirenggo Kecamatan Ayah Kabupaten Kebumen. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus (case study). Metode pengambilan data yang dilakukan adalah pengamatan secara langsung (observasi), wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, mayoritas dari potensi wisata alam yang dimiliki oleh Desa Candirenggo berada di kawasan perkebunan yang dikelola oleh Perum Perhutani. Kerjasama yang saling menguntungkan antara pemerintah, masyarakat lokal dan Perum Perhutani sangat penting dalam mengembangkan desa wisata berbasis masyarakat. Untuk meraih berbagai peluang pada pengelolaan sektor kepariwisataan maka perlu menyiapkan sumber daya manusia (SDM) yang handal dengan menambah wawasan, pengetahuan dan keterampilan melalui pendidikan kepariwisataan yang dilaksanakan secara nonformal Model pendidikan kepariwisataan secara nonformal sebagai pendidikan alternatif bagi komunitas masyarakat atau pelaku wisata yang ada di desa. Model pendidikan kepariwisataan merupakan salah satu metode pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pengembangan desa wisata berbasis masyarakat. Alurnya yaitu: input-(pemerintah-swasta)-proses-output-outcome. Bentuk pendidikan yang dibutuhkan oleh komunitas masyarakat setempat berupa pelatihan manajemen pengelolaan wisata, pelatihan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK) dan pelatihan pemandu wisata. Model pendidikan ini memerlukan dukungan dari pihak-pihak yang terkait baik itu pemerintah, masyarakat dan sektor swasta untuk bersama-sama berbagi peran dalam mendukung kualitas sumber daya manusia khususnya di bidang pariwisata lokal atau desa. Kata Kunci : Pendidikan, Kepariwisataan dan Desa Wisata |
| Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris) | SUPRIYANTO, Sociology Masters Program - Postgraduate Program, Jenderal Soedirman University, Tourism Education Model in Community-Based Tourism Development in Candirenggo Village, Ayah District Kebumen Regency, Advisory Commission, Chairperson: Hariyadi, Ph.D., member: Dr. Rili Windiasih, M.Sc. In Candirenggo Village there is a Petruk cave which is one of the natural tourism objects managed by the Government of Kebumen Regency, while other attractions managed by the community include the White Cliff located in Mandayana Hamlet, Liah Cave, Tiger Cave located in Teba Hamlet, Rentengduren Cave located in Karanggondong Hamlet, Simpenan Cave, Jemblongan Cave, Surupan 1 Cave, Banyu Cave, Lanse Cave, Kandangan Cave, Glatik Cave, Curug Waterfall and Leses. In addition to cave tours and waterfalls there are also other tourism potentials including panoramic views on the karst hill and the Ijo river (Bodo) which can be used as a surfing vehicle or a boat to explore the river even through to the beach of Ayah. These attractions both Petruk Cave and others during the last 5 (five) years the number of visitors has decreased due to various things. The decline in the number of visitors in the Petruk cave also had an impact on the decline in visitors to other attractions managed by the village tourism community in Candirenggo. Since 2009 Candirenggo Village has been established as a tourist village, but until now the development of tourism and its people is not optimal. Various potential natural and cultural resources can be developed as a tourist attraction, the main problem of human resources in the village of Candirenggo where the community does not have an adequate tourism education background, so it has not been able to develop the tourism potential there. For this reason, a tourism education model is needed so that people have the knowledge and skills to be able to build their villages. Tour operators in Candirenggo Village on average have a low level of education and in general tourism activities are only a side job. This study aims to determine the appropriate model of tourism education, determine the involvement of the community, government and private sector in tourism education, as well as efforts to develop a model of tourism education in the development of community-based tourism villages in Candirenggo Village, Ayah District, Kebumen District. Candirenggo Village is one of the villages located in the district of Ayah, Kebumen Regency, established in 1950 consisting of 10 hamlets, including hamlets: Bangkerep, Blader, Candi, Karanggondang, Kecepak, Kedawung, Mandayana, Siwuluh, Teba Kidul and Teba Lor. Village boundaries include: in the north it is bordered by Demangsari and Bulurejo Villages, in the east it is bordered by Mangunweni and Tlogosari Villages, in the south it is bordered by Ayah Village and in the west it is bordered by Simerak Village, Nusawungu District, Cilacap Regency. Candirenggo Village is one of the self-sufficient villages in Ayah District. Geographical conditions in the form of 70% lowlands and 30% karst or limestone hills with an average land still dominated by agriculture and forestry. The area of 803.58 ha consists of 269 ha of paddy fields, 5 ha of arable land, 5 ha of plantation land, 218 ha of forest land and others 307 ha. The distance from the district government center is 3 km, the distance to the district government center is 45 km and the distance to the provincial capital is 160 km. To carry out development in the village the role of the community can be as a determinant of policy direction for village activities, given that the village's assets have a dual role as subjects and objects in development activities. Total village population: 5,827 people, 2,954 men, 2,873 women with 1,865 households. The potential of natural tourism in Candirenggo Village has been known since 1975 with cave search tours, in 1986 it began to be restored, namely the opening of the Petruk cave as one of the attractions in Kebumen Regency after the Jatijajar Cave which is a series of natural tourism packages in the karst area or the limestone mountains of South Gombong. The existence of the Petruk cave is still maintained its authenticity when compared to the Jatijajar cave, where the tourism site and location are on land owned by the Kebumen Regency Government. Goa Petruk location and tourist attractions are on the land owned by Perum Perhutani, until now the conditions inside the cave are also still natural. There are no access roads that are built permanently and there are no lighting. Whenever there are tourists who will enter the cave must bring lighting equipment and boat shoes accompanied by a tour guide. In addition to the Petruk cave attraction, there are also other tourist attractions around it, including: Liah cave, Tiger cave, Rentengduren cave, Tebing Putih, Curug. Lesses, and others whose conditions are also still natural. To enter these attractions there is no permanent road building, if tourists will visit there by foot through the footpath still in the form of rocky and slippery land. To get data and information in photographing the real conditions or what is contained in the study site, it is necessary to data driving and inhibiting factors that exist in the tourism potential in Candirenggo Village, District Dad, Kebumen Regency. The driving factors are as follows: (1) the potential of the beauty and uniqueness of natural resources, (2) the cool natural environment conditions, (3) local community support (4) social and cultural appeal, (5) strategic village position. While the inhibiting factors are: (1) tourism supporting facilities and infrastructure, (2) direct support from the Tourism Office, (3) allocation of financial support, (4) availability of human resources as tour guides, (5) public ignorance of tourism potential. After knowing the tourism potential in the Candirenggo tourism village, it is also necessary to know the views or opinions of the community about community based tourism villages, including the views or opinions of: (1) the existence of a tourism awareness group (2) the forest village community institutions, (3) Youth Organization . In addition to the views or opinions of the community there are also obstacles that need to be considered in developing a tourism education model including: (1) lack of knowledge and skills of tourism actors, (2) the unavailability of professional tour guides. In addition to the problem of human resources (HR) there are still several other problems that can support the Candirenggo tourism village, mainly related to the condition of limited facilities and infrastructure including: (1) parking facilities that are not yet available, (2) there is no rental place equipment, (3) there are no stalls selling handicrafts. From these various problems, some community needs for the development of tourism villages can be identified, including: (1) the community needs to improve good and adequate road facilities to get to the tourist sites. The results of observations found several roads lead to tourist sites far from the ideal word because it has not been built and is still a path. The condition of the road is still in the form of land and rocks as well as the lack of efforts of the village government or local government to improve it, (2) the community and tourists need to improve and provide adequate tourism infrastructure in tourism locations such as mosques or prayer rooms, parking lots, toilets, road guides or signs, (3) the tourism village community requires serious efforts from all parties, especially the village government to develop the tourism potentials in the village, by allocating village funds (DD) to achieve the prosperity of the village and its people, (4) rural tourism communities need to get tourism education or training to improve human resources so that they are able and skilled in managing and developing tourism potential in their villages. Efforts to develop a model of tourism education in the development of community-based tourism villages in Candirenggo Village are inseparable from the driving and inhibiting factors in developing a tourism education model. This study proposes the creation of a tourism education model in an effort to develop and manage tourism in the Village of Candirenggo, which emphasizes the process of utilizing all existing tourism potentials as a medium for empowering local communities. The application of the concept of the tourism education model in the development of tourism villages needs to involve three parties or elements namely: community, government and private. The first party is the community community or association as a forum that unites the interests of tourism businesses to meet the wishes of the stakeholders. Community communities or associations have an interest in managing local tourism destinations. The second party is the government that plays the role of regulator and facilitator in the development of tourism, in this case the government at the ministry, provincial, regional and city levels, as well as the district and village levels. The government can make regulations or legal umbrella to regulate tourism actors in managing and developing tourism destinations. In addition, the government can be a facilitator for the process of developing and managing tourism. The government can facilitate meetings between the village government and the private sector to create synergy in tourism management. In conducting coaching for tourism education, it can involve academics who apply the tri dharma of tertiary institutions, namely the development of education, research and community service in the field of tourism. Colleges or universities are expected to be innovators and creators in the creation of knowledge in order to obtain product innovation and process innovation in tourism management and development. Various knowledge possessed by colleges or universities can be utilized to help encourage the development of competitive and sustainable tourism. And the third party is the private sector as an actor in the tourism industry, there are many private sector players in the tourism business. These actors can come from the banking sector, transportation sector, lodging and hospitality sector, culinary sector. The role of the private sector in the development and management of rural tourism is as an investor as well as conducting tourism training or education. The private sector can be encouraged to be actively involved in developing tourism in the village of Candirenggo. While the tourism education model flow includes: input- (public-private) -process-output-outcome. According to the results of the study it can be concluded that the Village Candirenggo has a variety of potential natural and cultural resources that can be developed as a tourist attraction. These tourism potentials are the initial capital in developing community-based tourism villages. Various tourism potentials in the form of caves, waterfalls, cliffs, natural panoramas, local arts have not been developed optimally for the welfare of the community through the development of community-based tourism villages. The majority of the natural tourism potential of the village of Candirenggo is located in the plantation area of Perum Perhutani. Mutually beneficial cooperation between the government, local communities and Perum Perhutani is very important to develop community-based tourism villages. In the development of community-based tourism villages based on studies that show that Candirenggo Village has limitations on the quality of human resources as tourism actors. In order to seize various opportunities in the management of the tourism sector, it is necessary to prepare reliable human resources by adding insight, knowledge and skills through a tourism education model that can be carried out informally. By creating a non-formal tourism education model it will be more practical, effective and efficient in accordance with the needs of the community. Forms of education needed by local communities in the form of tourism management training, information and communication technology (ICT) training and tour guide training. With this model of education the community will be easier to access non-formal education than formal education that requires special requirements, tiered and requires a long time. The non-formal tourism education model as an alternative form of education for the community or tourism actors in the village. This educational model requires the support of relevant parties both government, community and the private sector to jointly share a role in supporting the quality of human resources in the field of tourism, especially local or village tourism. This study has several limitations, namely: (1) the study uses a qualitative approach so that it has difficulty in describing the views or opinions of the community, (2) each informant has different abilities, knowledge, insights and interests making it difficult to generalize the results of the research. |
| Kata kunci | Kata Kunci : Pendidikan, Kepariwisataan dan Desa Wisata |
| Pembimbing 1 | Hariyadi, M.A., Ph.D |
| Pembimbing 2 | Dr. Rili Windiasih, M.Si |
| Pembimbing 3 | |
| Tahun | 2020 |
| Jumlah Halaman | 23 |
| Tgl. Entri | 2020-11-13 16:04:21.260559 |