| Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia) | Lubang biopori merupakan teknologi sederhana untuk konservasi lahan dan penyediaan air bersih. Efektifitas lubang resapan biopori mempunyai hubungan dengan sifat fisik tanah dan pola distribusinya secara spasial pada lahan, tetapi publikasi tehadap kedua hubungan ini masih kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Mengetahui sifat fisik tanah pada lubang resapan biopori dengan variasi perlakuan (pupuk organik, pupuk organik serta arang). 2) Mengetahui pola distribusi spasial sifat fisik tanah secara horizontal pada lubang resapan biopori dengan perlakuan pupuk organik dan arang. 3) Mengetahui nilai laju infiltrasi pada lubang resapan biopori. Penelitian dilaksanakan di halaman belakang Laboratorium Jurusan Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto pada bulan Desember 2015 hingga bulan Maret 2016. Penelitian dilakukan dengan 3 perlakuan yaitu lubang resapan biopori dengan perlakuan pupuk + arang (PA), lubang resapan biopori dengan perlakuan pupuk organik (PO), dan lubang resapan biopori tanpa perlakuan bahan organik (TP). Variabel yang diukur berupa kadar air tanah, kepadatan tanah, dan konduktivitas hidrolik tanah (Ksat). Laju infiltrasi juga diukur setiap bulannya pada lubang resapan biopori. Bentuk kontur yang tersedia menggambarkan pola distribusi spasial sifat fisik tanah secara horizontal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai kadar air terendah dan tertinggi pada perlakuan tanpa bahan organik (TP) sebesar sebesar 0,19 m3/m3 dan 0,40 m3/m3, penambahan pupuk organik (PO) sebesar 0,34 m3/m3 dan 0,59 m3/m3, penambahan pupuk organik serta arang (PA) sebesar 0,29 m3/m3 dan 0,66 m3/m3. Nilai kepadatan tanah terendah dan tertinggi pada perlakuan TP sebesar 0,86 gr/cm3 dan 1,05 gr/cm3 , pada PO sebesar 0,58 gr/cm3 dan 0,98 gr/cm3, pada PA sebesar 0,58 gr/cm3 dan 1,20 gr/cm3. Nilai konduktivitas tanah terendah dan tertinggi pada perlakuan TP sebesar 5,32 cm/jam dan 6,60 cm/jam, pada PO sebesar 6,06 cm/jam dan 8,84 cm/jam, pada PA sebesar 6,22 cm/jam, dan 18,12 cm/jam. Nilai laju infiltrasi tertinggi pada perlakuan PA, PO, dan TP masing-masing sebesar 6,5 cm/jam, 5,9 cm/jam 4,9 cm/jam. Berdasarkan bentuk kontur, pola distribusi spasial sifat fisik tanah dengan perlakuan PA menunjukan nilai keseragaman yang paling baik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan PO dan TP. Semakin dalam kedalaman LRB, semakin tinggi kadar air dan kepadatan tanah, serta semakin rendah konduktivitas hidrolik. Lebih jauh, seiring bertambahnya waktu pengamatan, kadar air dan konduktivitas hidrolik tanah semakin meningkat, sedangkan kepadatan tanah semakin menurun. |
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| Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris) | Biopori Infiltration Hole (BIH) is a simple technology for land conservation and clean water supply. The effectiveness of absorption holes bio-pore have a relationship with soil physical properties and spatial distribution patterns on land, but the publication of both these relationships are still lacking. The aims of this study are to: 1) Knowing the physical properties of soil on infiltration holes bio-pore with treatment variations (organic fertilizers, organic fertilizers and charcoal). 2) Determine the spatial distribution pattern of soil physical properties horizontally on bio-pore absorption holes with organic fertilizer treatment and charcoal. 3) Knowing the value of infiltration at bio-pore absorption holes. This study was held in the backyard of Agricultural Technology laboratory, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto from December 2015 to March 2016. The study was conducted with three treatments, consists of: BIH with the treatment of fertilizer + charcoal (PA), BIH with the treatment of organic fertilizers (PO) and BIH with untreated organic material (TP). The variables measured by this study are soil water content, soil density, and soil hydraulic conductivity (Ksat). The infiltration rate was also measured each month on bio-pore absorption holes. The available shape contour describe the spatial distribution pattern of soil physical properties horizontally. The results of this study showed that the lowest and highest water levels on treatment without organic matter (TP) of 0.19 m3/m3 and 0.40 m3/m3, the addition of organic fertilizers (PO) of 0.34 m3/m3 and 0.59 m3/m3, the addition of organic fertilizers and charcoal (PA) of 0.29 m3/m3 and 0.66 m3/m3. The value of the lowest and highest soil density on TP treatment of 0.86 g/cm3 and 1.05 g/cm3, the PO was 0.58 g/cm3 and 0.98 g/cm3, the PA was 0.58 g/cm3 and 1.20 g/cm3. Soil conductivity value at the lowest and highest TP treatment by 5.32 cm/hour and 6.60 cm/hour, at a PO of 6.06 cm/hour and 8.84 cm/hour, the PA of 6.22 cm/hour and 18.12 cm/hour. The highest infiltration rate value in the treatment of PA, PO, and TP respectively by 6.5 cm/hour, 5.9 cm/hour, 4.9 cm/hour. Based on the shape of the contour, the spatial distribution pattern of soil physical properties by treatment with PA showed the most excellent uniformity value compared to the treatment PO and TP. The deeper the depth of the BIH, the higher the moisture content and density of the soil, and the lower the hydraulic conductivity. Furthermore, with increased observation time, the water content and hydraulic conductivity of the soil increased, while the soil density decreased. |
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