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SUHU DAN RASIO MOLAR OPTIMUM PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK BIJI KAPUK (Ceiba pentandra L.) MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS CaCO3 TERKALSINASI
Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)
Telah dilakukan transesterifikasi minyak biji kapuk (Ceiba pentandra L.) menjadi biodiesel menggunakan katalis CaCO3 terkalsinasi. Variasi pada proses transesterifikasi meliputi rasio molar minyak : metanol dan suhu reaksi. Telah dilakukan rasio molar pada 1:03, 1:06, 1:09, dan 1:12. Reaksi berlangsung pada suhu 60°C, konsentrasi katalis 2% dan waktu reaksi 90 menit. Pengaruh suhu dikaji dengan variasi 30, 40, 50, 60 dan 70ºC dengan konsentrasi katalis 2%, waktu reaksi 90 menit dan rasio molar minyak : metanol terbaik. Konversi biodiesel ditentukan dengan spektrometer 1H-NMR sedangkan sifat fisik ditentukan dengan standar SNI melalui uji metode ASTM. Kondisi optimum sintesis biodiesel diperoleh melalui proses transesterifikasi pada rasio molar minyak : metanol 1:09, katalis CaCO3 terkalsinasi 2%, suhu 60ºC selama 90 menit dengan konversi biodiesel sebesar 31,41%.
Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)
Transesterification of cotton seed oil (Ceiba pentandra L.) into biodiesel using calcined CaCO3 has been carried out. Variations in the transesterification process include the molar ratio of oil : methanol and the reaction temperature. The transesterification reaction was done with treatment ratio of oil : methanol at 1:03, 1:06, 1:09, and 1:12. The reaction takes place at a temperature of 60°C, 2% catalyst concentration and reaction time of 90 minutes. To investigate the effect of temperature, the experiments were done at various temperature from 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70ºC with 2% catalyst concentration, reaction time 90 min and the molar ratio of oil : methanol best being obtained. The conversion of biodiesel was determined by 1H-NMR spectrometer and physical properties of biodiesel were determined using SNI with ASTM standard methods. The optimum condition of biodiesel synthesis via transesterification process were reached at molar ratio of the best that is in the oil : methanol 1:09, calcined CaCO3 catalyst 2%, temperature 60ºC and reaction time of 90 minutes, that could give biodiesel conversion 31.41%.
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