Update Artikelilmiah: 6260

INDRA FAUZI

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Mulsa merupakan pelapis permukaan tanah tempat cocok tanam yang berguna untuk melindungi permukaan tanah dari terpaan hujan, erosi, dan menjaga kelembaban, struktur, kesuburan tanah, serta menghambat pertumbuhan gulma. Mulsa dapat berupa sisa tanaman, lembaran plastik, atau susunan batu yang disebar di permukaan tanah. Petani memanfaatkan mulsa plastik dalam budidaya tanaman. Praktek pemakaian mulsa plastik diduga berdampak terhadap fauna tanah, salah satunya Collembola yang berperan dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan kelimpahan dan keragaman familia Collembola pada pertanaman pakcoy bermulsa plastik dan non mulsa serta korelasi antara kelimpahan dan keragaman familia Collembola dengan sifat fisika dan sifat kimia tanah. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode survei dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara random menggunakan ‘line transek’ sepanjang 20 meter yang terbagi menjadi 5 kuadrat. Sampel diambil menggunakan perangkap pitfall trap (PF) dan core sampler (CS). Sampling dilakukan 1 bulan sekali sebanyak 4 kali. Variabel yang diamati adalah kelimpahan Collembola dari masing-masing pertanaman. Parameter yang diamati berupa keragaman familia dan jumlah individu setiap familia Collembola. Parameter lain yang diukur adalah sifat fisika tanah (bahan organik, kelembaban dan temperatur tanah) dan sifat kimia tanah (kadar total C tanah, N tanah, Rasio C:N dan pH tanah). Data kelimpahan Collembola dianalisis menggunakan Uji-T dengan tingkat kesalahan 10% dan 20% sedangkan korelasi antara kelimpahan dan keragaman Collembola dengan sifat fisika tanah dan sifat kimia tanah dianalisis dengan Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA)  menggunakan program Canoco versi 4.5. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelimpahan Collembola tertinggi terdapat pada pertanaman pakcoy non mulsa dengan perangkap Pitfall. Keragaman familia Collembola yang diperoleh dari kedua lahan diantaranya: Entomobrydae, Paronellidae, Isotomidae, Hypogastruridae, Cyphoderidae, Sminthuridae, dan Sminthurididae. Pertanaman pakcoy bermulsa plastik baik dengan perangkap Pitfall maupun dengan Core sampler diperoleh 6 familia sedangkan pertanaman non mulsa dengan perangkap Pitfall diperoleh 7 familia dan Core sampler diperoleh 2 familia. Hasil uji-t menunjukan bahwa kelimpahan Collembola di pertanaman bermulsa plastik dengan perangkap Pitfall dan non mulsa dengan perangkap Pitfall serta pertanaman bermulsa plastik dengan Core sampler dan non mulsa dengan Core sampler sangat berbeda nyata (t-hit = 2,28 dan 2,01) sedangkan hasil analisis CCA menunjukan korelasi sangat kuat (0,89) antara kelimpahan dan keragaman Collembola dengan faktor lingkungan (sifat fisika dan kimia tanah).
Kata kunci : Mulsa plastik, Pakcoy, Kelimpahan, Collembola.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Mulch is a surface coating that is used to protect soil surface from rain, erosion, and keep humidity, structure, soil fertility, and inhibit the growth of weeds. Mulch can be like crop residues, plastic sheets, or stone structure that are spread on the soil surface. Farmers are utilizing plastic mulch in cultivating the plants currently. The practice usage of plastic mulch is expected to impact to soil fauna, one of them is Collembola that have a role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to determine the abundance and diversity of Collembola family in pakcoy field that used plastic mulch and non mulch also to know the correlation between the abundance and diversity of Collembola family with physical and chemical properties of the soil. This research method is a survey method with random sampling technique using line transect sampling of 20 meters long which is divided into 5 squares. Sampling technique used pitfall traps (PF) and core sampler (CS). Sampling was done once a month for 4 times. The variable was Collembola abundance from each crop. The parameter was the family diversity and numbers of each Collembola family. Other parameters were soil physical properties (organic matter, humidity and soil temperature) and soil chemical properties (total of soil C , soil N, ratio of C: N and soil pH). Collembola abundance data were analyzed by using T-test with 10% and 20% error rate, while the correlation between the abundance and diversity of Collembola with soil physical properties and soil chemical properties were analyzed by Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) using Canoco program 4.5. version. The results showed that the highest Collembola abundance was in non mulch pakcoy field with PF. Collembola familiy diversity obtained from both fields include: Entomobrydae, Paronellidae, Isotomidae, Hypogastruridae, Cyphoderidae, Sminthuridae, and Sminthurididae. At PF and CS plastic mulched Pakcoy planting was obtained 6 families while at planting non mulch pakcoy was obtained 7 families and at CS was obtained 2 families. T-test results showed that the abundance of Collembola in PF plastic mulch with PF non mulch planting and CS plastic mulch with CS non mulch planting were significantly different, while the results of the CCA analysis showed the strong correlation between the abundance and diversity of Collembola with environmental factors (physical and chemical properties of the soil).
Keywords: plastic mulch, pakcoy, abundance, Collembola.

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