Update Artikelilmiah: 55187

INAYATUL MAULA

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Perubahan iklim menjadi salah satu tantangan utama yang dihadapi sektor pertanian, khususnya usahatani padi yang sangat bergantung pada kondisi iklim. Perubahan pola curah hujan, peningkatan suhu, serta meningkatnya frekuensi kejadian cuaca ekstrem berpotensi menurunkan produktivitas dan mengganggu keberlanjutan penghidupan petani. Kecamatan Kemangkon, Kabupaten Purbalingga merupakan salah satu wilayah sentra produksi padi yang turut menghadapi berbagai risiko tersebut sehingga diperlukan kemampuan resiliensi untuk mempertahankan keberlangsungan usahatani. Resiliensi petani dipengaruhi oleh berbagai aspek penghidupan yang tercermin dalam lima modal penghidupan (Sustainable Livelihood Framework), yaitu modal manusia, modal sosial, modal alam, modal fisik, dan modal finansial. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tingkat kerentanan dan resiliensi petani padi dalam menghadapi perubahan iklim serta menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi resiliensi petani padi di Kecamatan Kemangkon, Kabupaten Purbalingga.
Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Kemangkon, Kabupaten Purbalingga dengan metode survei terhadap 65 petani padi yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data yang digunakan terdiri atas data primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner serta data sekunder yang berasal dari berbagai instansi dan literatur terkait. Analisis tingkat kerentanan dan kapasitas adaptasi dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan Livelihood Vulnerability Index–Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (LVI-IPCC) karena pendekatan ini mampu mengelompokkan indikator ke dalam tiga komponen utama kerentanan menurut IPCC, yaitu exposure, adaptive capacity, dan sensitivity, sehingga memberikan gambaran mengenai tingkat kerentanan petani terhadap perubahan iklim. Analisis resiliensi dilakukan menggunakan kerangka Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF) yang terdiri atas lima modal penghidupan, yaitu modal manusia, modal sosial, modal alam, modal fisik, dan modal finansial. Kelima modal tersebut diukur menggunakan pendekatan Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI), kemudian nilai LVI ditransformasikan menjadi indeks resiliensi yang digunakan sebagai variabel dependen dalam analisis regresi linear berganda. Analisis regresi dilakukan menggunakan IBM SPSS Statistics versi 25 untuk menguji pengaruh luas lahan, pengalaman bertani, akses irigasi, jumlah sumber pendapatan, dan keanggotaan kelompok tani terhadap resiliensi petani padi.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kerentanan petani padi berdasarkan pendekatan LVI-IPCC tergolong rendah dengan nilai exposure sebesar 0,12 (rendah), adaptive capacity sebesar 0,48 (sedang), sensitivity sebesar 0,33 (rendah), dan nilai vulnerability sebesar -0,12. Hasil pengukuran resiliensi menggunakan kerangka Sustainable Livelihood Framework yang diadopsi melalui perhitungan Livelihood Vulnerability Index menunjukkan bahwa nilai LVI sebesar 0,41 termasuk kategori kerentanan sedang, yang setelah ditransformasikan menghasilkan nilai resiliensi sebesar 0,59 dengan kategori sedang. Berdasarkan lima modal penghidupan, modal alam dan modal fisik memiliki tingkat resiliensi tinggi, sedangkan modal manusia, modal sosial, dan modal finansial berada pada kategori sedang. Hasil analisis regresi linear berganda menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan luas lahan, pengalaman bertani, akses irigasi, jumlah sumber pendapatan, dan keanggotaan kelompok tani berpengaruh signifikan terhadap resiliensi petani padi. Secara parsial, luas lahan, pengalaman bertani, akses irigasi, dan jumlah sumber pendapatan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap resiliensi, sedangkan keanggotaan kelompok tani tidak berpengaruh signifikan.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Climate change has become one of the major challenges facing the agricultural sector, particularly rice farming, which is highly dependent on climatic conditions. Changes in rainfall patterns, rising temperatures, and the increasing frequency of extreme weather events have the potential to reduce agricultural productivity and disrupt the sustainability of farmers’ livelihoods. Kemangkon District, Purbalingga Regency, is one of the rice-producing areas that faces these various climate-related risks, making farmers’ resilience essential to maintaining the sustainability of rice farming. Farmers’ resilience is influenced by various livelihood aspects reflected in the five livelihood capitals of the Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF), namely human, social, natural, physical, and financial capital. This study aimed to analyze the level of vulnerability and resilience of rice farmers in facing climate change and to examine the factors influencing the resilience of rice farmers in Kemangkon District, Purbalingga Regency.
This research was conducted in Kemangkon District, Purbalingga Regency, using a survey method involving 65 rice farmers selected through purposive sampling. The data consisted of primary data collected through interviews using questionnaires and secondary data obtained from relevant institutions and literature. The analysis of vulnerability and adaptive capacity was conducted using the Livelihood Vulnerability Index–Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (LVI-IPCC) approach. This approach was employed because it classifies indicators into the three main components of vulnerability according to the IPCC, namely exposure, adaptive capacity, and sensitivity, thereby providing an overview of farmers’ vulnerability to climate change. Resilience was analyzed using the Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF), which consists of five livelihood capitals: human, social, natural, physical, and financial capital. These five capitals were measured using the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) approach, and the LVI value was subsequently transformed into a resilience index, which served as the dependent variable in the multiple linear regression analysis. The regression analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 to examine the effects of land area, farming experience, irrigation access, number of income sources, and farmer group membership on the resilience of rice farmers.
The results showed that the vulnerability level of rice farmers based on the LVI-IPCC approach was categorized as low, with an exposure value of 0.12 (low), an adaptive capacity value of 0.48 (moderate), a sensitivity value of 0.33 (low), and an overall vulnerability value of -0.12. The measurement of resilience using the Sustainable Livelihood Framework, adopted through the calculation of the Livelihood Vulnerability Index, resulted in an LVI value of 0.41, which was categorized as moderate vulnerability. After transformation, the resilience index was 0.59, indicating a moderate level of resilience. Based on the five livelihood capitals, natural and physical capital demonstrated high levels of resilience, while human, social, and financial capital were categorized as moderate. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis showed that land area, farming experience, irrigation access, number of income sources, and farmer group membership simultaneously had a significant effect on the resilience of rice farmers. Partially, land area, farming experience, irrigation access, and number of income sources had significant effects on farmers’ resilience, whereas farmer group membership did not have a significant effect.

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