Update Artikelilmiah: 55123

MIFTAKHUL JANAH

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Peningkatan produksi cabai rawit dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara, salah satunya dengan cara perawatan tanaman yaitu pemangkasan (pruning). Pemangkasan pada tanaman cabai rawit dapat dilakukan dengan pemangkasan pucuk dan pemangkasan daun bawah. Informasi mengenai perbedaan respons berbagai genotip cabai rawit terhadap perlakuan pemangkasan masih terbatas, sehingga penelitian mengenai pengaruh pemangkasan pada berbagai genotip cabai rawit perlu dilakukan untuk memperoleh informasi yang dapat mendukung pengembangan teknik budidaya yang lebih efektif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini antara lain mengetahui teknik pemangkasan terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil cabai rawit, mengetahui varietas cabai rawit terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil cabai rawit, dan mengetahui interaksi antara teknik pemangkasan dan varietas cabai rawit terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman. 
Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Gandatapa, Kecamatan Sumbang, Kabupaten Banyumas dan Laboratorium Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman dari bulan Februari  2026 hingga Juli 2026. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial yang terdiri atas 2 faktor, yaitu pemangkasan (pruning) dan varietas cabai rawit. Variabel yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, rerata luas daun, diameter batang, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang total, jumlah cabang produktif, umur berbunga, umur panen, panjang buah, diameter buah, jumlah buah, dan bobot buah. Data yang didapatkan dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dengan uji F pada taraf kesalahan 5%. Apabila hasil analisis menunjukkan perbedaan nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) pada taraf kesalahan 5%.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pemangkasan dan varietas cabai rawit yang digunakan berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil cabai rawit terhadap beberapa variabel. Perbedaan perlakuan pemangkasan pada tanaman cabai rawit berpengaruh pada variabel tinggi tanaman umur 28 HST, 42 HST, dan 56 HST, jumlah daun umur 42 HST dan 56 HST, umur berbunga, dan umur panen. Perbedaan perlakuan pemangkasan pada tanaman cabai rawit berpengaruh pada variabel rerata luas daun 56 HST dan diameter batang umur 42 HST dan 56 HST. Perbedaan varietas cabai rawit berpengaruh pada variabel tinggi tanaman, rerata luas daun 14 HST, diameter batang, jumlah daun 56 HST, jumlah cabang total, jumlah cabang produktif, panjang buah, diameter buah, dan bobot buah. Interaksi antara perlakuan pemangkasan dan varietas cabai rawit berpengaruh pada variabel jumlah daun 56 HST. Perlakuan pemangkasan daun bawah dan varietas Ori 212 memberikan hasil terbaik terhadap tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, umur berbunga, umur panen, panjang buah dan bobot buah.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

The increasing of cayenne pepper production can be achieved through various methods, one of which is plant maintenance through pruning. Pruning of cayenne pepper plants can be carried out through shoot pruning and lower leaf pruning. Information regarding the differences in response of various cayenne pepper genotypes to pruning treatments is still limited, so research on the effect of pruning on various cayenne pepper genotypes needs to be conducted to obtain information that can support the development of more effective cultivation techniques. The objectives of this study include to determine the best pruning technique for the growth and production of cayenne pepper, to determine the best cayenne pepper variety under various pruning techniques applied to plant growth and yield, and to determine the interaction effect between pruning techniques and cayenne pepper varieties on the growth and yield.
The research was conducted in Gandatapa Village, Sumbang District, Banyumas Regency, and at the Laboratory of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, from February to July 2026. This study used a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 2 factors, namely pruning and cayenne pepper variety. The variables observed included plant height, average leaf area, stem diameter, number of leaves, total number of branches, number of productive branches, flowering age, harvest age, fruit length, fruit diameter, number of fruits, and fruit weight. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with an F test at a 5% error level. If the analysis results showed significant differences, they were followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% error level.
The results showed that the pruning treatments and cayenne pepper varieties had an affect on the growth and yield of cayenne pepper. Differences in pruning treatment on cayenne pepper plants had an effect on the variables of plant height at 28, 42, and 56 days after planting (DAP), number of leaves at 42 DAP and 56 DAP, flowering age, and harvest age. Differences in pruning treatment on cayenne pepper plants also had an effect on the variables of average leaf area at 56 DAP and stem diameter at 42 and 56 DAP. Differences in cayenne pepper variety used had an effect on the variables of plant height, average leaf area at 14 DAP, stem diameter, number of leaves at 56 DAP, total number of branches, number of productive branches, fruit length, fruit diameter, and fruit weight. The interaction between pruning treatment and cayenne pepper variety had an effect on the variable of number of leaves at 56 DAP. The lower-leaf pruning treatment and the Ori 212 variety produced the best results for plant height, stem diameter, flowering age, harvest age, fruit lenght and fruit weight.

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