Update Artikelilmiah: 54693

MONIKA SITI NUR AIDA

NIM

Judul Artikel

Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Latar Belakang: Ketidakpatuhan pengobatan tuberkulosis (TB) paru anak dapat menyebabkan kegagalan terapi, resistansi obat, komplikasi, hingga kematian. Data SITB Kabupaten Banyumas tahun 2024 menunjukkan satu kasus gagal pengobatan dan 33 kasus (2,26%) putus berobat pada pasien anak. Anak usia 0–14 tahun memerlukan perhatian khusus karena keberlangsungan pengobatannya bergantung pada orang tua atau wali. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktor yang memengaruhi ketidakpatuhan pengobatan TB paru pada anak di Kabupaten Banyumas tahun 2024–2025.
Metode: Observasional analitik menggunakan desain case-control retrospektif dengan 25 kasus dan 50 kontrol (1:2). Kasus adalah pasien TB anak usia 0-14 tahun yang tidak menyelesaikan pengobatan selama 6 bulan, sedangkan kontrol menyelesaikan pengobatan minimal 6 bulan. Kasus dipilih menggunakan total sampling, sedangkan kontrol menggunakan purposive sampling dengan pencocokan usia, jenis kelamin, dan wilayah kerja puskesmas. Variabel penelitian meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, komorbiditas, akses ke fasilitas kesehatan, efek samping OAT, dukungan keluarga, dan peran tenaga kesehatan. Analisis menggunakan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik ganda.
Hasil Penelitian: Komorbiditas, akses ke fasilitas kesehatan, efek samping OAT, dukungan keluarga, dan peran tenaga kesehatan berhubungan dengan ketidakpatuhan, sedangkan usia dan jenis kelamin tidak berhubungan. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa peran tenaga kesehatan yang kurang baik dan adanya komorbiditas berpengaruh terhadap ketidakpatuhan. Efek samping OAT dan dukungan keluarga berperan sebagai variabel perancu.
Kesimpulan: Peran tenaga kesehatan yang kurang baik dan adanya komorbiditas memengaruhi ketidakpatuhan pengobatan TB paru anak. Penguatan pendampingan tenaga kesehatan dan pemantauan anak dengan komorbiditas perlu ditingkatkan untuk mendukung ketuntasan pengobatan.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Background: Nonadherence to pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) treatment in children can lead to treatment failure, drug resistance, complications, and death. Data from the Banyumas Regency Tuberculosis Control Program (SITB) in 2024 recorded one case of treatment failure and 33 cases (2.26%) of treatment discontinuation among children with TB. Children aged 0–14 years require special attention because treatment continuity depends on their parents or guardians. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting nonadherence to pulmonary TB treatment among children in Banyumas Regency during 2024–2025.
Methods: An analytical observational study used a retrospective case-control design involving 25 cases and 50 controls (1:2). Cases were children with TB aged 0–14 years who did not complete 6 months of treatment, whereas controls completed treatment for at least 6 months. Cases were selected using total sampling, while controls were selected using purposive sampling and matched by age, sex, and community health center service area. The variables included age, sex, comorbidities, access to health facilities, side effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs, family support, and the role of healthcare workers. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression.
Study Results: Comorbidities, access to health facilities, side effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs, family support, and the role of healthcare workers were associated with nonadherence, whereas age and gender were not associated. Multivariate analysis showed that an inadequate role of healthcare workers and the presence of comorbidities affected nonadherence. Side effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs and family support acted as confounding variables.
Conclusion: Inadequate support from healthcare workers and the presence of comorbidities affected nonadherence to pulmonary TB treatment among children. Strengthening healthcare worker support and monitoring of children with comorbidities are necessary to improve treatment completion.

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