Update Artikelilmiah: 54568

PANDU PRASETYA MULIA

NIM

Judul Artikel

Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Cabai merupakan tanaman hortikultura bernilai tinggi yang dibudidayakan luas di Indonesia. Budi daya cabai dapat menghadapi berbagai tantangan terutama serangan penyakit oleh jamur patogen Colletotrichum. Isolat bakteri asal Pancuran Pitu, salah satu sumber air panas di Baturaden, Kabupaten Banyumas, Jawa Tengah, sebelumnya diketahui memiliki potensi sebagai Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB). Namun, potensinya sebagai agen biokontrol terhadap Colletotrichum sp. belum dieksplorasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui aktivitas antagonis isolat bakteri potensial dari Pancuran Pitu terhadap jamur patogen Colletotrichum sp., mengetahui aktivitas ekstrak metabolit sekunder isolat bakteri potensial dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur patogen Colletotrichum sp., dan mengetahui kandungan senyawa ekstrak metabolit sekunder isolat bakteri potensial.
Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan survei dengan variabel bebas berupa isolat bakteri asal Pancuran Pitu dan variabel terikat berupa aktivitas  penghambatan terhadap jamur patogen Colletotrichum sp. Parameter utama yang diamati adalah indeks penghambatan isolat bakteri terhadap pertumbuhan jamur patogen Colletotrichum sp., indeks penghambatan ekstrak metabolit sekunder dari isolat bakteri potensial terhadap pertumbuhan jamur patogen Colletotrichum sp., dan kandungan senyawa dalam ekstrak bakteri potensial. Parameter pendukung antara lain sifat hemolisis dan sifat hipersensitivitas isolat bakteri potensial. Tahapan penelitian meliputi peremajaan isolat bakteri dan jamur, uji antagonisme bakteri asal Pancuran Pitu terhadap pertumbuhan jamur patogen  Colletotrichum sp., uji hemolisis, uji hipersensitivitas, pembuatan kurva pertumbuhan bakteri, isolasi metabolit sekunder dari isolat bakteri terpilih, uji aktivitas antifungi ekstrak metabolit sekunder terhadap pertumbuhan jamur patogen  Colletotrichum sp., dan pemisahan senyawa aktif dengan metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT). Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif baik data dari uji antagonisme isolat bakteri terhadap pertumbuhan jamur patogen Colletotrichum sp., uji hemolisis, uji hipersensitivitas, dan uji KLT. 
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 6 dari 13 isolat bakteri yang diisolasi dari sumber air panas Pancuran Pitu memiliki kemampuan penghambatan terhadap pertumbuhan Colletotrichum sp. yang ditandai dengan terhambatnya pertumbuhan miselium jamur yang mendekati koloni bakteri. Berdasarkan uji antagonis, isolat TSA 5 menunjukkan aktivitas penghambatan tertinggi dengan rata-rata persentase hambatan sebesar 32,33%. Isolat TSA 5 juga menunjukkan hasil negatif pada uji hemolisis dan uji hipersensitivitas yang mengindikasikan bahwa isolat tersebut tidak menunjukkan sifat hemolisis maupun hipersensitivitas, sehingga berpotensi aman untuk dikembangkan sebagai agen pengendali hayati. Ekstrak metabolit sekunder yang dihasilkan oleh isolat TSA 5 memiliki aktivitas antifungi terhadap Colletotrichum sp. yang ditandai dengan pertumbuhan miselium jamur yang lebih lambat pada media perlakuan dibandingkan dengan kontrol, dengan rata-rata persentase penghambatan sebesar 21,25%. Hasil identifikasi metabolit sekunder menggunakan metode KLT menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kasar isolat TSA 5 mengandung senyawa golongan flavonoid, alkaloid, terpenoid dan lipopeptida yang diduga berperan dalam aktivitas antifungi terhadap Colletotrichum sp.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Chili pepper is a high-value horticultural crop that is widely cultivated in Indonesia. However, chili cultivation faces various challenges, particularly diseases caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum. Bacterial isolates originating from Pancuran Pitu, a hot spring located in Baturaden, Banyumas Regency, Central Java, have previously been reported to possess potential as Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB). However, their potential as biocontrol agents against Colletotrichum sp. has not yet been explored. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the antagonistic activity of potential bacterial isolates from Pancuran Pitu against the pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum sp., evaluate the antifungal activity of secondary metabolite extracts from potential bacterial isolates against the growth of Colletotrichum sp., and identify the compounds present in the secondary metabolite extracts.
This research was conducted using a survey approach with bacterial isolates from Pancuran Pitu as the independent variable and inhibitory activity against the pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum sp. as the dependent variable. The main parameters observed were the inhibition index of bacterial isolates against the growth of Colletotrichum sp., the inhibition index of secondary metabolite extracts from potential bacterial isolates against the growth of Colletotrichum sp., and the chemical compounds present in the bacterial extracts. Supporting parameters included hemolytic and hypersensitivity characteristics of the potential bacterial isolates. The research stages included rejuvenation of bacterial and fungal isolates, antagonistic activity testing of bacterial isolates from Pancuran Pitu against the growth of Colletotrichum sp., hemolysis testing, hypersensitivity testing, preparation of a bacterial growth curve, isolation of secondary metabolites from the selected bacterial isolate, evaluation of the antifungal activity of secondary metabolite extracts against the growth of Colletotrichum sp., and separation of active compounds using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Data obtained from the antagonistic activity assay, hemolysis assay, hypersensitivity assay, and TLC analysis were analyzed descriptively.
The results showed that 6 of the 13 bacterial isolates obtained from the Pancuran Pitu hot spring were able to inhibit the growth of Colletotrichum sp., as indicated by the suppression of fungal mycelial growth approaching the bacterial colonies. Based on the antagonistic assay, isolate TSA 5 exhibited the highest inhibitory activity, with an average inhibition percentage of 32.33%. Isolate TSA 5 also showed negative results in the hemolysis and hypersensitivity assays, indicating that it exhibited neither hemolytic activity nor a hypersensitive response, suggesting its potential safety for development as a biological control agent. The secondary metabolite extract produced by isolate TSA 5 exhibited antifungal activity against Colletotrichum sp., as evidenced by slower fungal mycelial growth on the treatment medium compared to the control, with an average inhibition percentage of 21.25%. Identification of secondary metabolites using TLC revealed that the crude extract of isolate TSA 5 contained flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and lipopeptides, which are presumed to contribute to its antifungal activity against Colletotrichum sp.

Kata kunci

Pembimbing 1

Pembimbing 2

Pembimbing 3

Tahun

Jumlah Halaman