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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Larva ikan gurami (Osphronemus gouramy Lac.) merupakan fase awal ikan yang sensitif terhadap perubahan lingkungan terutama perubahan temperatur media. Temperatur berperan penting dalam mengatur laju metabolisme, pertumbuhan serta aktivitas enzim pencernaan larva. Enzim pencernaan seperti lipase dan fosfatase alkalin berfungsi dalam proses pencernaan dan penyerapan nutrien yang berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan larva. Informasi mengenai pengaruh perbedaan temperatur media kultur terhadap pertumbuhan relatif larva ikan gurami, aktivitas lipase dan fosfatase alkalin hingga saat ini masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan temperatur media kultur terhadap pertumbuhan relatif, aktivitas lipase, dan aktivitas fosfatase alkalin larva ikan gurami, serta menentukan temperatur media kultur optimum dari pertumbuhan relatif, aktivitas lipase dan fosfatase alkalin.
Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan temperatur yaitu temperatur tidak terkontrol (24°C-27°C), 27±1°C, 30±1°C, dan 33±1°C dengan masing-masing lima pengulangan. Larva ikan gurami dipelihara hingga umur 45 DAH (Days After Hatching) dengan pengambilan sampel pada umur 15, 25, 35, dan 45 DAH. Parameter yang diukur adalah perentase (%) pertumbuhan relatif dan jumlah p-nitrofenol (µmol) yang terbentuk per menit per mg protein. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dan analisis ragam satu arah (One-Way ANOVA) untuk analisis pertumbuhan relatif dan analisis ragam dua arah (Two-Way ANOVA) untuk analisis aktivitas lipase dan fosfatase alkalin, dengan taraf signifikansi 5% dan uji lanjut Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 26.0. 
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan temperatur media kultur tidak berpengaruh signifikan (P>0,05) terhadap pertumbuhan relatif larva ikan gurami, dengan nilai tertinggi sebesar 1916,70 ± 2227,80% pada temperatur 30±1°C dan nilai terendah sebesar 799,28 ± 506,43%, pada temperatur tidak terkontrol (24°C-27°C).  Aktivitas lipase tidak dipengaruhi oleh temperatur media kultur (P>0,05) tetapi dipengaruhi oleh umur pemeliharaan larva, dengan nilai tertinggi 0,579 ± 0,096 U/mg protein pada 15 DAH perlakuan temperatur tidak terkontrol (24°C-27°C) dan nilai terendah 0,072 ± 0,058 U/mg protein pada 35 DAH perlakuan temperatur 33±1°C. Aktivitas fosfatase alkalin dipengaruhi oleh temperatur media kultur, umur pemeliharaan larva, serta menunjukkan adanya interaksi antara kedua faktor tersebut (P<0,05) dengan nilai tertinggi 1,22 ± 0,254 U/mg protein pada 45 DAH perlakuan temperatur tidak terkontrol (24°C-27°C) dan nilai terendah 0,31 ± 0,168 U/mg protein pada 35 DAH perlakuan temperatur 27±1°C. Larva ikan gurami yang dipelihara pada temperatur tidak terkontrol (24°C-27°C), 27±1°C, 30±1°C, dan 33±1°C  menunjukkan pertumbuhan relatif yang tidak berbeda antar perlakuan. Aktivitas lipase mengalami perubahan selama perkembangan umur larva, dengan nilai tertinggi pada umur 15 DAH, menurun hingga umur 35 DAH, dan meningkat kembali pada umur 45 DAH. Aktivitas fosfatase alkalin menunjukkan variasi pada setiap umur dan temperatur pemeliharaan dengan temperatur tidak terkontrol (24°C-27°C) merupakan temperatur optimum.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Gurami fish larvae (Osphronemus gouramy Lac.) are in an early life stage that is sensitive to environmental changes, particularly changes in culture medium temperature. Temperature plays a crucial role in regulating the metabolic rate, growth, and digestive enzyme activity of the larvae. Digestive enzymes such as lipase and alkaline phosphatase are involved in the digestion and absorption of nutrients, which in turn affect larval growth. To date, information regarding the effects of different culture medium temperatures on the relative growth of gurami fish larvae, as well as on lipase and alkaline phosphatase activity, remains limited. This study aims to determine the effects of different culture medium temperatures on the relative growth, lipase activity, and alkaline phosphatase activity of gurami fish larvae, as well as to identify the optimal culture medium temperature that yields the highest relative growth, lipase activity, and alkaline phosphatase activity in gurami fish larvae.
The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four temperature treatments, uncontrolled temperature (24°C–27°C), 27±1°C, 30±1°C, and 33±1°C, each with five replicates. Gurami fish larvae were reared until 45 days after hatching (DAH), with samples collected at 15, 25, 35, and 45 DAH. The measured parameters were the percentage (%) of relative growth and the amount of p-nitrophenol (µmol) formed per minute per mg of protein. The data obtained were analyzed using a completely randomized design and one-way analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA) for relative growth analysis and two-way analysis of variance (Two-Way ANOVA) for lipase and alkaline phosphatase activity analysis, with a significance level of 5% and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) as a post-hoc test, using SPSS software version 26.0.
The results of the study showed that differences in culture medium temperature did not have a significant (P>0,05) effect on the relative growth of gurami fish larvae, with the highest value of 1916.70 ± 2227.80% at a temperature of 30 ± 1°C and the lowest value of 799.28 ± 506.43% at uncontrolled temperature (24°C–27°C). Lipase activity was not affected by culture medium temperature (P>0,05) but was influenced by the rearing age of the larvae, with the highest value of 0.579 ± 0.096 U/mg protein at 15 DAH in the uncontrolled temperature treatment (24°C–27°C) and the lowest value of 0.072 ± 0.058 U/mg of protein at 35 DAH under the 33±1°C temperature treatment. Alkaline phosphatase activity was influenced by culture medium temperature and larval rearing age, and showed an interaction between these two factors (P<0,05), with the highest value of 1.22 ± 0.254 U/ mg of protein at 45 DAH under the uncontrolled temperature treatment (24°C–27°C) and the lowest value of 0.31 ± 0.168 U/mg of protein at 35 DAH under the 27±1°C temperature treatment. Gurami fish larvae reared at uncontrolled temperatures (24°C–27°C), 27±1°C, 30±1°C, and 33±1°C showed no significant differences in relative growth among treatments. Lipase activity changed during larval development, peaking at 15 days after hatching (DAH), declining until 35 DAH, and increasing again at 45 DAH. Alkaline phosphatase activity varied across ages and rearing temperatures, with the uncontrolled temperature range (24°C–27°C) representing the optimum temperature.

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