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ANANDA ASTRIED RIANDHITA

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kontroversi putusan bebas dalam Putusan Nomor 454/Pid.B/2024/PN.Sby terhadap Terdakwa Ronald Tannur yang menimbulkan perdebatan di tengah masyarakat mengenai kepastian hukum dan rasa keadilan. Kasus ini menjadi menarik untuk dikaji karena terdapat perbedaan penilaian terhadap alat bukti yang diajukan di persidangan, sementara di sisi lain berlaku asas Res Judicata Pro Veritate Habetur yang mengharuskan setiap putusan hakim dianggap benar dan mengikat sepanjang belum dibatalkan oleh pengadilan yang lebih tinggi. Putusan bebas Pengadilan Negeri Surabaya dalam Putusan Nomor 454/Pid.B/2024/PN.Sby terhadap Terdakwa Ronald Tannur dinilai tidak mencerminkan rasa keadilan, karena alat bukti berupa Visum Et Repertum, keterangan ahli forensik, dan keterangan saksi menunjukkan adanya kekerasan sebagai penyebab kematian korban dikesampingkan oleh majelis hakim dalam pertimbangannya. Namun, berdasarkan asas Res Judicata Pro Veritate Habetur, putusan hakim tetap harus dianggap benar dan mengikat selama belum dibatalkan oleh pengadilan yang lebih tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pertimbangan hukum hakim serta penerapan asas tersebut dalam putusan bebas perkara Ronald Tannur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan spesifikasi perskriptif, menggunakan data sekunder yang dianalisis secara normatif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa majelis hakim lebih menitikberatkan penilaian pada keterangan ahli yang dihadirkan oleh Terdakwa dan menghubungkannya dengan rekaman CCTV, sementara alat bukti lain yang sah dan relevan tidak dinilai secara menyeluruh. Meskipun putusan bebas tersebut harus dianggap benar, asas Res Judicata Pro Veritate Habetur tidak bersifat mutlak karena masih dimungkinkan upaya hukum. Pengajuan kasasi oleh JPU merupakan bentuk koreksi atas dugaan kekeliruan majelis hakim guna mewujudkan keadilan substantif bagi korban dan keluarganya.

Kata Kunci : Putusan bebas; Pertimbangan hukum hakim; Asas Res Judicata Pro Veritate Habetur.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

This research is motivated by the controversy surrounding the acquittal in Decision Number 454/Pid.B/2024/PN.Sby against the defendant Ronald Tannur, which has generated public debate regarding legal certainty and justice. This case is considered significant to examine due to differing assessments of the evidence presented during the trial, while on the other hand the principle of Res Judicata Pro Veritate Habetur requires that every judicial decision be deemed correct and binding unless it has been overturned by a higher court. The acquittal rendered by the Surabaya District Court in Decision Number 454/Pid.B/2024/PN.Sby against the defendant Ronald Tannur is considered not to reflect a sense of justice, as evidence in the form of a post-mortem report (Visum et Repertum), forensic expert testimony, and witness statements indicating violence as the cause of the victim’s death was set aside by the panel of judges in their legal considerations. However, based on the principle of Res Judicata Pro Veritate Habetur, a judicial decision must still be regarded as correct and binding until annulled by a higher court. This study aims to analyze the judges’ legal reasoning and the application of this principle in the acquittal of Ronald Tannur. The research method employed is normative juridical with prescriptive specifications, utilizing secondary data analyzed through normative qualitative methods. The findings indicate that the panel of judges placed greater emphasis on the expert testimony presented by the defendant and linked it to the CCTV recordings, while other valid and relevant evidence was not comprehensively assessed. Although the acquittal must be considered legally valid, the principle of Res Judicata Pro Veritate Habetur is not absolute, as legal remedies remain available. The filing of a cassation by the Public Prosecutor constitutes a corrective measure against the alleged judicial error in order to achieve substantive justice for the victim and her family.

Keywords : Acquittal; Judges’ legal reasoning; Res Judicata Pro Veritate Habetur.

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