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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Perubahan perilaku mencari makan akibat resistensi dapat menyebabkan efektivitas gel bait atau umpan toksik menurun dan mempersulit pengendalian kecoak jerman (Blatella germanica) di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) perilaku mencari makan antara kecoak jerman strain resisten (Semarang) dan strain susceptible (VCRU) meliputi: latensi, frekuensi, dan durasi; (2) mengetahui perbedaan antara perilaku mencari makan yang meliputi latensi, frekuensi, dan durasi antara kecoak jerman jantan, betina, dan nimfa pada masing-masing strain; (3) mengetahui hubungan antara frekuensi kunjungan pada umpan dan durasi berada pada umpan; (4) mengetahui puncak aktivitas makan antara strain Semarang dan strain VCRU. 
Penelitian di lakukan di Laboratorium Entomologi dan Parasitologi Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Metode yang digunakan adalah continuous sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 strain kecoak jerman yaitu strain Vector Control Research Unit (VCRU) dan strain Semarang. Masing-masing strain digunakan tiga individu, yaitu jantan, betina dan nimfa. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang empat kali. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 7 hari menggunakan Closed Circuit Television (CCTV). Variabel bebas berupa strain kecoak jerman, variabel terikat berupa perilaku mencari makan (foraging). Parameter yang diamati meliputi latensi menuju umpan, frekuensi kunjungan pada umpan dan durasi berada di umpan. Data penelitian berupa latensi, frekuensi dan durasi diuji normalitasnya menggunakan Kolmogrov-Smirnov. Data latensi tergolong tidak normal sehingga dianalisis secara non-parametrik menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis, sedangkan data frekuensi dan durasi tergolong normal sehingga dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) pada signifikansi p<0,05, selanjutnya data yang terdapat perbedaan nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Untuk membandingkan latensi, frekuensi dan durasi antara strain Semarang dan strain VCRU dianalisis menggunakan Uji T-test. Pada data frekuensi dan durasi juga dilakukan uji korelasi menggunkan Korelasi Pearson (Pearson Product Moment). Seluruh data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan software SPSS ver.27. 
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan waktu latensi menuju umpan antar strain (p<0.05), dimana strain VCRU lebih cepat merespon umpan, namun pada frekuensi kunjungan pada umpan dan durasi berada pada umpan tidak menunjukkan perbedaan antar strain (p>0.05). Individu jantan, betina, dan nimfa tidak memengaruhi waktu latensi menuju umpan baik strain Semarang maupun strain VCRU, frekuensi dan durasi antara jantan, betina, dan nimfa memliki perbedaan pada strain semarang namun tidak pada strain VCRU. Terdapat hubungan antara frekuensi kunjungan dan durasi waktu yang dibutuhkan saat berada pada umpan. Semakin tinggi frekuensi kunjungan pada umpan, maka semakin banyak durasi yang dibutuhkan saat berada pada umpan. Strain Semarang menunjukkan 3 puncak aktivitas makan pada pukul 17.00 – 20.00 WIB, 20.00 – 23.00 WIB dan 02.00 – 05.00 WIB, sedangkan strain VCRU menunjukkan 2 puncak aktivitas makan pada pukul pukul 17.00 – 20.00 WIB dan 02.00 – 05.00 WIB.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Changes in foraging behavior caused by resistance may reduce the effectiveness of gel baits or toxic baits and complicate the control of German cockroaches (Blatella germanica) in the field. This study aimed to: (1) compare the foraging behavior of resistant German cockroach strains (Semarang) and susceptible strains (VCRU), including latency, frequency, and duration; (2) determine differences in foraging behavior—latency, frequency, and duration—among male, female, and nymph stages within each strain; (3) examine the relationship between the frequency of visits to the bait and the duration spent on the bait; and (4) identify peak feeding activity between the Semarang and VCRU strains.
The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Entomology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, using an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design. Continuous sampling was applied in this research. Two strains of German cockroach were used: the Vector Control Research Unit (VCRU) strain and the Semarang strain. Each strain consisted of three individual categories: male, female, and nymphs. Each treatment was replicated four times. Observations were carried out for seven days using Closed Circuit Television (CCTV). The independent variable was the German cockroach strain, while the dependent variable was foraging behavior. The observed parameters included latency to the bait, frequency of visits to the bait, and duration spent on the bait. Latency, frequency, and duration data were tested for normality using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Latency data were not normally distributed and were therefore analyzed non-parametrically using the Kruskal–Wallis test. In contrast, frequency and duration data were normally distributed and analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a significance level of p < 0.05, followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) when significant differences were detected. Comparisons of latency, frequency, and duration between the Semarang and VCRU strains were analyzed using the independent t-test. Pearson correlation analysis (Pearson Product Moment) was also performed to assess the relationship between frequency and duration data. All quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS software version 27.
The results showed a significant difference in latency to the bait between strains (p < 0.05), with the VCRU strain responding to the bait more quickly. However, no differences were found in the frequency of visits to the bait or the duration spent on the bait. Male, female, and nymphal individuals did not influence the latency time to the bait in either the Semarang or VCRU strains. Differences in frequency and duration among males, females, and nymphs were observed in the Semarang strain but not in the VCRU strain. There was a relationship between the frequency of visits and the duration spent on the bait. The higher the frequency of visits to the bait, the longer the duration spent on it. The Semarang strain showed three peaks of feeding activity at 17:00–20:00 pm, 20:00–23:00 pm, and 02:00–05:00 am, while the VCRU strain exhibited two feeding activity peaks at 17:00–20:00 pm and 02:00–05:00 am.

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