Update Artikelilmiah: 50954

HILMI MANAN

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Traktor roda 4 merupakan sumber tenaga utama dalam pengolahan tanah, namun penggunaannya dapat menimbulkan pemadatan yang merusak struktur tanah. Pemberian mulsa organik menjadi salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi dampak pemadatan karena dapat memperbaiki sifat fisik, kimia, dan biologi tanah. Sebagian penelitian sebelumnya hanya mengkaji efek mulsa sesaat setelah perlintasan traktor, sehingga kajian mengenai pengaruh mulsa organik hingga 12 bulan setelah perlintasan masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh mulsa jerami, sekam padi, dan serasah daun bambu terhadap tingkat pemadatan tanah pada kedalaman 0–50 cm setelah 12 bulan perlintasan traktor roda 4 serta mempelajari hubungan antar variabel sifat fisik tanah terkait perlakuan tersebut.
Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Maret–Desember 2025 di UPJA Sokaraja dan Laboratorium Terpadu 1 IAB Universitas Jenderal Soedirman menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan empat perlakuan: tanpa mulsa (M0), mulsa jerami (MJ), mulsa sekam (MS), dan mulsa daun bambu (MD). Sampel tanah tidak terganggu diambil pada lima kedalaman dengan lima ulangan, sehingga diperoleh 100 sampel. Variabel yang diamati meliputi dry bulk density, porositas, kadar air, dan konduktivitas hidrolik jenuh yang dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA, DMRT, dan regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mulsa organik mampu menurunkan dry bulk density serta meningkatkan porositas, kadar air, dan konduktivitas hidrolik jenuh. Dry bulk density berkorelasi negatif dengan konduktivitas hidrolik jenuh (R² = 0,6915), sedangkan porositas dan kadar air berkorelasi positif (R² = 0,6915 dan R² = 0,4939). Pada 12 bulan setelah perlintasan, tanah menunjukkan dry bulk density lebih tinggi dan nilai porositas, kadar air, serta konduktivitas hidrolik jenuh lebih rendah dibandingkan pengamatan 0 dan 6 bulan.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

A four-wheel tractor is an essential power source for soil tillage, but its use can cause soil compaction that damages soil structure. Applying organic mulch is one effort to reduce compaction because it can improve soil physical, chemical, and biological properties. Most previous studies only examined the effects of mulch shortly after tractor passes, so research on the influence of organic mulch up to 12 months after a four-wheel tractor pass is still limited. This study aims to determine the effects of straw mulch, rice husk mulch, and bamboo leaf litter mulch on soil compaction at a depth of 0–50 cm, 12 months after a four-wheel tractor pass, and to examine the relationships among soil physical properties related to these treatments.
The research was conducted from March to December 2025 at the UPJA Sokaraja agricultural field and the Integrated Laboratory 1 IAB, Jenderal Soedirman University, using a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments: no mulch (M0), straw mulch (MJ), rice husk mulch (MS), and bamboo leaf litter mulch (MD). Undisturbed soil samples were collected at five depths with five replicates, resulting in a total of 100 samples. The observed variables included dry bulk density, porosity, soil moisture, and saturated hydraulic conductivity, analyzed using ANOVA, DMRT, and regression. The results showed that organic mulch reduced dry bulk density and increased porosity, soil moisture, and saturated hydraulic conductivity. Dry bulk density had a negative linear correlation with saturated hydraulic conductivity (R² = 0,6915), while porosity and soil moisture had positive correlations (R² = 0,6915 and R² = 0,4939). At 12 months after the tractor pass, the soil exhibited higher dry bulk density and lower porosity, moisture content, and saturated hydraulic conductivity compared to observations at 0 and 6 months.

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