Update Artikelilmiah: 50241

BAGAS ABIDIN BUDIONO

NIM

Judul Artikel

Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Antraknosa akibat Colletotrichum sp. merupakan penyakit penting pada buah cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) yang menurunkan mutu dan daya simpan hasil panen. Penggunaan agensia hayati seperti Pseudomonas fluorescens endofit menjadi alternatif pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi P. fluorescens endofit dari akar putri malu (Mimosa invisa Mart. ex Colla) asal dataran menengah serta mengevaluasi potensinya dalam mengendalikan antraknosa pada buah cabai rawit pascapanen dan sebagai Plant Growth Promoting Endophyte (PGPE). Sebanyak 11 isolat diperoleh (PFE 11, PFE 12, PFE 14, PFE 15, PFE 21, PFE 23, PFE 24, PFE 31, PFE 34, PFE 35, PFE 36) dari tiga lokasi di Banyumas dan Purbalingga, dikarakterisasi secara morfologi, mikroskopis, dan biokimia. Uji antagonis dilakukan terhadap jamur (Colletotrichum sp., Rhizoctonia solani, dan Fusarium oxysporum) serta terhadap bakteri (Ralstonia solanacearum dan Xanthomonas oryzae) secara in vitro dengan perlakuan kontrol dan 11 isolat yang diperoleh dan variabel yang diamati adalah besarnya daya hambat jamur dan diameter zona bening. Uji PGPE pada benih cabai rawit dengan perlakuan kontrol dan 11 isolat yang diperoleh dan variabel yang diamati adalah panjang kecambah, bobot segar kecambah, dan bobot segar akar. Tiga isolat terbaik (PFE 15, PFE 21, PFE 31) diuji lebih lanjut menggunakan metode detach fruit dengan variabel masa inkubasi, luas serangan, indeks sampah. Hasil uji antagonis menunjukkan daya hambat pertumbuhan patogen sebesar 16–75%. Hasil uji PGPE menunjukkan promosi minimal (penurunan > 80%) hingga tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol. Isolat PFE 15 menunjukkan hasil pertumbuhan kecambah yang mendekati kontrol. Pada uji detach fruit, ketiga isolat mampu menekan luas serangan hingga 13% dan menurunkan indeks kerusakan buah sebesar 15% dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa P. fluorescens endofit asal akar putri malu dataran menengah berpotensi sebagai agensia hayati terhadap antraknosa cabai rawit pascapanen dan berkontribusi dalam pengembangan biofungisida untuk pertanian yang berkelanjutan.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum sp. is an important disease in bird’s eye chili that reduces the quality and shelf life of the harvest. The use of biological agents such as Pseudomonas fluorescens endophytes is an environmentally friendly alternative for control. This study aims to isolate and characterize endophytic P. fluorescens from the roots of sensitive-creeping plants from midland regions and evaluate its potential in controlling anthracnose on post-harvest chili peppers and as a Plant Growth Promoting Endophyte (PGPE). A total of 11 isolates were obtained (PFE 11, PFE 12, PFE 14, PFE 15, PFE 21, PFE 23, PFE 24, PFE 31, PFE 34, PFE 35, PFE 36) from three locations in Banyumas and Purbalingga, characterized morphologically, microscopically, and biochemically. Antagonistic tests were conducted against fungi (Colletotrichum sp., Rhizoctonia solani, and Fusarium oxysporum) and bacteria (Ralstonia solanacearum and Xanthomonas oryzae) in vitro with control treatments and the 11 isolates obtained. The variables observed were the extent of fungal inhibition and the diameter of the clear zone. PGPE testing was conducted on chili pepper seeds with control treatment and 11 isolates obtained, and the variables observed were seedling length, fresh weight of seedlings, and fresh weight of roots. The three best isolates (PFE 15, PFE 21, PFE 31) were further tested using the detach fruit method with the variables incubation period, attack area, and waste index. The antagonistic test results showed a growth inhibition rate of 16–75%. The PGPE test results showed minimal promotion (reduction > 80%) to no significant difference from the control. Isolate PFE 15 showed seedling growth results close to the control. In the detach fruit test, the three isolates were able to suppress the attack area by up to 13% and reduce the fruit damage index by 15% compared to the control. This study indicates that endophytic P. fluorescens from the roots of medium-altitude sensitive plants has potential as a biological agent against post-harvest bird’s eye chili anthracnose and contributes to the development of biofungicides for sustainable agriculture.

Kata kunci

Pembimbing 1

Pembimbing 2

Pembimbing 3

Tahun

Jumlah Halaman