Update Artikelilmiah: 49844

ANGGI FITRIA ZAHRA

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Pesatnya industri batik menghasilkan limbah zat warna, terutama napthol, yang sulit terdegradasi dan berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Untuk mengurangi dampak ini,metode dekolorisasi berbasis organisme seperti jamur, khususnya Aspergillus sp.3,efektif menghilangkan warna hingga 99,9%. Namun, penerapan teknologi ini di lapangan, seperti melalui bioreaktor berbahan akrilik, masih memiliki keterbatasan,seperti durasi penggunaan jamur yang tidak bertahan lama. Penggabungan metode biologi, fisika, dan kimia terbukti meningkatkan efektivitas dekolorisasi limbah hingga 79%. Penelitian ini mengusulkan modifikasi bioreaktor double filter, dengan filter pertama mengadopsi metode fisika-kimia menggunakan Multi Soil Layering (MSL), dan filter kedua berbasis biologi menggunakan jamur. Efisiensi dekolorisasi dipengaruhi oleh konsentrasi inokulum spora jamur, yang menentukan keberhasilan proses. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh Aspergillus sp.3 dalam mendekolorisasi limbah batik napthol pada bioreaktor double filter dengan variasi konsentrasi inokulum dan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi inokulum efektif dalam
dekolorisasi. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikologi dan Fitopatologi Fakultas Biologi
Universitas Jenderal Soedirman menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Inokulum Aspergillus sp.3 dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok (kontrol dan perlakuan) yang masing-masing dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak empat kali. Semua perlakuan diberi limbah napthol dengan pemberian inokulum, sementara kontrol tanpa inokulum jamur. Kelompok yang dimaksud diantaranya P1 (kontrol tanpa jamur), P2 (konsentrasi inokulum 104 spora/ml), P3 (konsentrasi inokulum 106 spora/ml), P4 (konsentrasi inokulum 108 spora/ml), P5 (konsentrasi inokulum 1010 spora/ml), P6 (konsentrasi inokulum 1012 spora/ml). Parameter utama yang diukur adalah persentase dekolorisasi warna limbah batik dan parameter pendukungnya adalah nilai DO, berat kering miselium, suhu, dan pH. Variabel bebasnnya adalah konsentrasi inokulum dan variabel terikatnya kemampuan Aspergillus sp.3 untuk mendekolorisasi limbah cair batik dalam bioreaktor double filter. Data persentase dekolorisasi selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan analisis variansi (ANOVA) dengan tingkat kesalahan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Aspergillus sp.3 pada bioreaktor double filter mampu mendekolorisasi limbah cair batik pada variasi konsentrasi inokulum dengan persentase dekolorisasi 0%-95,8%. Variasi konsentrsi inokulum paling efektif pada konsentrasi inokulum 108 spora/ml sebesar 95,8%.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

The rapid development of the batik industry has led to the generation of colored wastewater, particularly containing napthol based dyes, which are highly resistant to degradation and pose significant health risks. To mitigate these impacts, biological decolorization methods using organisms such as fungi specifically Aspergillus sp.3 have demonstrated high efficacy, achieving up to 99.9% color removal. However, the practical implementation of this technology, particularly via acrylic-based bioreactors, remains limited by factors such as the short lifespan of fungal activity. Integrating biological, physical, and chemical approaches has been shown to enhance decolorization efficiency by up to 79%. This study proposes a modified double-filter bioreactor system. The first filter utilizes a physicochemical method based on Multi Soil Layering (MSL), while the second filter employs a biological treatment using fungal cultures. The success of the decolorization process is influenced by the concentration of fungal spore inoculum, which directly affects process efficiency. This research aims to evaluate the decolorization performance of Aspergillus sp.3 on napthol containing batik wastewater in a double-filter bioreactor across varying inoculum concentrations, and to determine the most effective inoculum concentration.
The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Mycology and Phytopathology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, employing a Randomized Block Design (RBD). The inoculum of Aspergillus sp.3 was divided into six treatment groups (including a control), each replicated four times. All treatment groups received napthol-containing wastewater with varying fungal inoculum concentrations, while the control group received no fungal inoculum. The treatment groups consisted of: P1 (control, no fungi), P2 (10⁴ spores/mL), P3 (10⁶ spores/mL), P4 (10⁸ spores/mL), P5 (10¹⁰ spores/mL), and P6 (10¹² spores/mL). The primary parameter measured was the percentage of color removal, while supporting parameters included dissolved oxygen (DO), fungal dry biomass, temperature, and pH. The independent variable is the inoculum concentration, while the dependent variable is the decolorization ability of Aspergillus sp.3 in treating batik wastewater using a double filter bioreactor. The color removal data were statistically analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 5% significance level.
The results indicated that Aspergillus sp.3 in the double-filter bioreactor effectively decolorized batik wastewater at varying inoculum concentrations, achieving color removal rates ranging from 0% to 95.8%. The optimal inoculum concentration was identified at 10⁸ spores/mL, yielding the highest decolorization efficiency of 95.8%.

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