Update Artikelilmiah: 49225

SHIDIQ ALHAMDANI

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Produktivitas tomat di Provinsi Jawa Barat tahun 2023 mencapai 268,1 ribu ton. Dari jumlah tersebut, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya hanya menyumbang 2.450 ton dengan produktivitas 9,01 ton/ha. Rendahnya produktivitas ini diduga disebabkan oleh adanya layu bakteri Ralstonia solanacearum, patogen yang kerap menyerang tanaman tomat terutama pada musim kemarau sehingga menurunkan produksi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya pengendalian terhadap patogen tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian mikoriza dan umur bibit terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil, dan frekuensi serangan layu bakteri pada tanaman tomat. Penelitian dilakukan di Leuwiseeng, Sukaherang, Singaparna, Tasikmalaya dari bulan Juli–November 2024. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi, dua faktor perlakuan, dan tiga kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah pemberian mikoriza (tanpa mikoriza dan pemberian mikoriza saat penyemaian) sedangkan faktor kedua adalah umur bibit (16, 21, 26, dan 31 hari). Variabel pengamatan meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang primer, luas daun, bobot segar tanaman, bobot kering tanaman, umur berbunga, umur panen, jumlah buah per tanaman, bobot buah per tanaman, bobot segar per buah, dan frekuensi serangan layu bakteri. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji F pada taraf kesalahan 5%, dan jika nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf kesalahan 5 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian mikoriza pada saat penyemaian tidak berpengaruh terhadap semua variabel pengamatan. Perlakuan umur bibit berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot segar tanaman, umur berbunga, umur panen, dan frekuensi serangan layu bakteri pada umur 35 HST. Interaksi pemberian mikoriza dan umur bibit berpengaruh nyata terahadap umur panen dan bobot segar per buah. Umur panen tercepat dicapai oleh perlakuan pemberian mikoriza dan umur bibit 21 hari, serta bobot segar per buah tertinggi dicapai oleh perlakuan tanpa mikoriza dan umur bibit 31 hari.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Tomato productivity in West Java Province in 2023 reached 268.1 thousand tons. Of that total, Tasikmalaya Regency contributed only 2,450 tons, with a productivity of 9.01 tons/ha. This low productivity is suspected to be due to bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, a pathogen that frequently attacks tomato plants—especially during the dry season—resulting in reduced production. Consequently, control measures against this pathogen are necessary. This study aimed to determine the effect of mycorrhiza application and seedling age on growth, yield, and the frequency of bacterial wilt infection in tomato plants. The research was conducted in Leuwiseeng, Sukaherang, Singaparna, Tasikmalaya from July to November 2024. A split-plot design was used with two treatment factors and three replications. The first factor was mycorrhiza application (no mycorrhiza versus mycorrhiza application at seeding), while the second factor was seedling age (16, 21, 26, and 31 days). The observed variables included plant height, number of leaves, number of primary branches, leaf area, fresh plant weight, dry plant weight, days to flowering, days to harvest, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight per plant, fresh fruit weight, and frequency of bacterial wilt infection. Data analysis was carried out using an F-test at a 5% significance level, and if significant, this was followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the same significance level. The results showed that mycorrhiza application at seeding did not affect any of the observed variables. Seedling age significantly affected plant height, number of leaves, fresh plant weight, days to flowering, days to harvest, and frequency of bacterial wilt infection at 35 days after transplanting. The interaction between mycorrhiza application and seedling age significantly affected days to harvest and fresh fruit weight. The fastest harvest was achieved by applying mycorrhiza with a seedling age of 21 days, while the highest fresh fruit weight was obtained without mycorrhiza with a seedling age of 31 days.

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