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REVIANI NABIILAH CAHYA

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Bakteri Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae merupakan salah satu patogen penting penyebab penyakit hawar daun bakteri (HDB) yang menyerang tanaman padi sehingga memengaruhi hasil produksi padi. Meniran merupakan tumbuhan dari famili Phyllanthaceae yang mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder untuk menghambat perkembangan Xoo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi biopestisida nanoemulsi ekstrak meniran terhadap perkembangan penyakit HDB dan pengaruh aplikasi biopestisida nanoemulsi ekstrak meniran terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian dan Screen House Experimental Farm, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Karangwangkal, Purwokerto Utara. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap non Faktorial pada uji in vitro dan Rancangan Acak Kelompok non Faktorial pada uji in planta. Uji antibakteri secara in vitro dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram. Variabel pengamatan terdiri atas uji mutu biopestisida, uji antibakteri, postulat Koch, inokulasi bakteri Xoo, masa inkubasi, intensitas penyakit, laju infeksi, AUDPC (Area Under Disease Progress Curve), tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, jumlah malai, jumlah daun, jumlah biji per malai, bobot gabah 100 butir, bobot kering tanaman, dan bobot kering akar. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA pada taraf 95%, hasil yang menunjukkan pengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan DMRT (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test) pada taraf kesalahan α 5%. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut: 1) Aplikasi biopestisida nanoemulsi ekstrak meniran pada berbagai konsentrasi mampu menghambat perkembangan penyakit HDB. 2) Aplikasi biopestisida nanoemulsi ekstrak meniran tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap komponen pertumbuhan tanaman padi.
Kata kunci: Biopestisida, Meniran, Nanoemulsi, Padi, Xoo

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is one of the important pathogens that cause bacterial leaf blight (BLB), which attacks rice plants and affects rice production. P. niruri is a plant from the Phyllanthaceae family that contains secondary metabolite compounds to inhibit the development of Xoo. This study aims to determine the effect of nanoemulsion biopesticide application of P. niruri extract on BLB disease development and the impact of nanoemulsion biopesticide application of meniran extract on rice plant growth. The research was conducted at the Plant Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, and Screen House Experimental Farm of Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Karangwangkal, Purwokerto Utara. The experimental design used was a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design in the in vitro test and a non-factorial Randomized Group Design in the in planta test. The disc diffusion method was used for the in vitro antibacterial test. The observation variables consisted of biopesticide quality test, antibacterial test, and Koch's postulates, Xoo bacteria inoculation, incubation period, disease intensity, infection rate, AUDPC (Area Under Disease Progress Curve), plant height, number of tillers, number of panicles, number of leaves, number of seeds per panicle, 100-grain weight, plant dry weight, and root dry weight. ANOVA analyzed data at the 95% level; results that showed a significant effect were continued with DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test) at the 5% α error level. The research conclusions are as follows: 1) Application of nanoemulsion biopesticide of P. niruri extract at various concentrations inhibited the the development of BLB disease, with the value of pathosystem components equivalent to bactericide treatment. 2) The application of P. niruri extract nanoemulsion biopesticide did not significantly affect the growth components of rice plants.
Keywords: Biopesticide, Nanoemulsion, P. niruri, Rice plant, Xoo.

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