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ULFAH YANUAR SANTRIE
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PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP STATELESS PERSONS MENURUT HUKUM INTERNASIONAL (Studi Terhadap Stateless Persons Rohingya) The Law Protection of Stateless Persons Based on International Law (A Study on Stateless Persons of Rohingya)
Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)
Hak berkewarganegaraan bagi setiap individu merupakan amanat dari Pasal 15 Deklarasi Universal Hak Asasi Manusia 1948 dan Pasal 12 Kovenan Hak-Hak Sipil dan Politik 1966. Perwujudan hak ini diserahkan pada masing-masing negara sehingga menimbulkan perbedaan di setiap negara. Masalah tanpa kewarganegaraan ini juga dialami oleh etnis Rohingya di Myanmar. Pemerintah Myanmar secara tiba-tiba menghapus mereka dari Undang-Undang Kewarganegaraan 1982 yang menyebabkan etnis ini menjadi stateless. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaturan dalam perlindungan yang diberikan pada stateless persons secara umum dan stateless persons Rohingya secara khusus. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan penelitian yuridis normatif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Dari hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa perlindungan stateless persons sudah diatur dalam Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons 1954 dan Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness 1961 saat stateless persons sudah berada di negara peserta. Sedangkan sebelum berada di negara peserta, yang mengambil peran pengurusan adalah UNHCR. Dari penelitian ini diharapkan kepada seluruh negara untuk memberikan hak berkewarganegaraan kepada setiap individu sesuai dengan amanat Pasal 15 Deklarasi Universal Hak Asasi Manusia 1948 dan Pasal 12 Kovenan Hak-Hak Sipil dan Politik 1966. Lebih khusus, diharapkan kepada Myanmar untuk memberikan kewarganegaraan Myanmar pada etnis Rohingya. Kata kunci : Hak Berkewarganegaraan, Stateless Persons, Rohingya.
Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)
Rights to have citizenship was instructed by Article 15 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 and Article 12 of International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966. The form of realization has been granted to each country which made the differences among the countries. The problems of Statelessness also happened to Rohingya ethnic in Myanmar. Myanmar government suddenly erased their ethnic from the 1982 Citizenship Law that made them Stateless. The purpose of this research is to find out about the regulation on protection that granted to the Stateless persons as general also to the Stateless persons of Rohingya especially. The research was conducted using the normative judicial approach, that use legislation approach and case approach. Regarding to the research, the conclusion showed that the Regulation on Protection for Stateless persons already regulated on the 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons and the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness. But, both of these conventions only regulated if the Stateless persons already arrived in contracting states. Whereas before they arrived in contracting state, it will be handled by UNHCR. It was also implemented in Stateless persons of Rohingya case. From this research was really expected to all of the countries to grant the right of citizenship for each individual that appropriate with the instruction of Article 15 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 and Article 12 of International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966. Especially, for the government of Myanmar to grant the citizenship of Myanmar for Rohingya ethnic. Keywords : Rights of Citizenship, Stateless Persons, Rohingya.
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