Update Artikelilmiah: 44076

ALIL SAPUTRA

NIM

Judul Artikel

Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi Bacillus sp. Dari rizosfer bawang merah, mengetahui potensi Bacillus sp. rizosfer bawang merah sebagai pengendali patogen moler bawang merah, membuat nanosuspensi Bacillus sp.-kitosan rizosfer bawang merah, dan untuk mengetahui efektivitas nanosuspensi Bacillus sp.-kitosan dalam mengendalikan penyakit moler bawang merah. Penelitian dilakukan pada Maret sampai September 2023 di Laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman dan di screen house di Desa Tambaksari, Kecamatan Kembaran. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Terdapat 3 kegiatan utama dalam penelitian ini, yaitu eksplorasi, karakterisasi, dan seleksi Bacillus sp. dari rizosfer bawang merah, pembuatan nanosuspensi Bacillus sp.-kitosan, dan pengujian nanosuspensi terhadap tanaman bawang merah terinfeksi patogen moler. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis ragam ANOVA dengan taraf kesalah 5% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT dengan taraf kesalahan 5%. Hasil eksplorasi semula diperoleh 13 isolat kemudian 4 isolat potensial dikarakterisasi. Keempat isolat memiliki karakter sel berbentuk batang, bakteri Gram positif, uji katalase positif, dapat memproduksi endospora. Secara makroskopis, keempat isolat memiliki koloni berwarna putih kusam, berbentuk irregular, bermargin lobate dan undulate, dan memiliki elevasi rised. Hasil uji antagonis menunjukkan bahwa keempat isolat mampu menghambat pertumbuhan F. oxysporum f.sp. cepae dengan daya hambat terbaik ada pada isolat BM1 dengan mekanisme hambat terjadinya pembengkakan hifa. Hasil aplikasi perlakuan terhadap tanaman bawang merah menunjukkan bahwa nanosuspensi Bacillus sp. kitosan merupakan perlakuan paling efektif dalam mengendalikan penyakit moler dengan efektivitas sebesar 48,08% dibanding perlakuan kontrol. Hal ini juga diindikasikan pula dengan nilai AUDPC yang paling rendah dibanding 3 perlakuan lainnya.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

This research aims to isolate Bacillus sp. from the rhizosphere of shallots, assess the potential of Bacillus sp. from shallot rhizosphere as a control agent for basal rot desease pathogen, produce nanosuspensions of Bacillus sp.-chitosan from shallot rhizosphere, and evaluate the effectiveness of Bacillus sp.-chitosan nanosuspensions in controlling basal rot disease. The study was conducted from March to September 2023 at the Plant Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, and in a screen house in Tambaksari Village, Kembaran Subdistrict. The research employed a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 treatments and 6 replications. There were three main activities in this research: exploration, characterization, and selection of Bacillus sp. from the shallot rhizosphere; production of Bacillus sp.-chitosan nano-suspensions; and testing of nano-suspensions on shallot plants infected with the basal rot desease pathogen. Data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA at a significance level of 5% and further analyzed using LSD test at a significance level of 5%. Exploration initially yielded 13 isolates, out of which 4 potential isolates were characterized. These four isolates exhibited rod-shaped cells, were Gram-positive bacteria, tested positive for catalase, and were capable of producing endospores. Macroscopically, these isolates displayed dull white colonies, irregular shapes with lobate and undulate margins, and raised elevation. Antagonism tests showed that all four isolates inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cepae, with the most effective inhibition observed in the BM1 isolate, which exhibited a mechanism of inhibiting hyphal swelling.Application results on shallot plants indicated that Bacillus sp.-chitosan nanosuspensions were the most effective treatment in controlling smut disease, achieving an effectiveness of 48.08% compared to the control treatment. This was also evidenced by the lowest Area Under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) value compared to the other three treatments.

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