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SYIFANINGTYAS PARAMITA MEILANI

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui penampilan karakter agronomi padi populasi F2 dibanding dengan tetua, mengetahui keeratan hubungan serta pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung antara beberapa karakter pertumbuhan dan hasil melalui analisis lintas agar diketahui karakter yang paling berpengaruh terhadap hasil yang dapat digunakan sebagai indikator seleksi, serta mengetahui pola segregasi populasi F2. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Oktober 2022 - Februari 2023 di lahan sawah Desa Banjarsari Wetan, Kecamatan Sumbang, Kabupaten Banyumas. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan rancangan perlakuan Augmented Design pada beberapa barisan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah 180 genotip padi populasi F₂ hasil persilangan padi varietas Inpago Unsoed 1 dengan Inpari 31 dan 3 varietas pembanding yang meliputi Inpago Unsoed 1, Inpari 31, dan P20 Tangguh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa padi F2 memiliki karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan produktif, panjang malai, dan umur panen memiliki nilai yang lebih tinggi dari varietas pembanding. Karakter jumlah anakan produktif dan bobot gabah per malai padi populasi F2 memiliki nilai pengaruh langsung yang tinggi dan berhubungan erat terhadap hasil tanaman. Pola segregasi padi populasi F2 pada karakter jumlah anakan produktif, panjang malai, bobot gabah per malai, jumlah gabah per malai, dan bobot gabah per rumpun berdistribusi normal (kuantitatif). Ditemukan adanya segregan transgresif pada padi F2 terhadap karakter tinggi tanaman, umur berbunga, umur panen, persentase gabah isi, dan bobot 1000 biji sehingga karakter tersebut termasuk kuantitatif. Karakter aroma padi F2 mengikuti nisbah 15:1 sehingga diduga dikendalikan oleh dua gen yang bersifat epistasis dominan duplikat.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

The purpose of this research was to determine the appearance of agronomic characters of rice F2 population compared to the elders, to determine the relationship and direct and indirect effects between several growth and yield characters through cross analysis in order to know the most influential character on yield that can be used as an indicator of selection, and to know the segregation pattern of the F2 population. The research was conducted from October 2022 to February 2023 in the rice field of Banjarsari Wetan Village, Sumbang Subdistrict, Banyumas Regency. The research used a Randomized Group Design with Augmented Design treatment design in several rows. The treatments tested were 180 genotypes of F₂ population rice resulting from the crossing of Inpago Unsoed 1 with Inpari 31 and 3 comparison varieties including Inpago Unsoed 1, Inpari 31, and P20 Tangguh. The results showed that F2 rice has plant height characters, the number of productive tillers, panicle length, and harvest age have higher values than the comparison varieties. The character of the number of productive tillers and grain weight per panicle of rice F2 population has a high direct effect value and is closely related to plant yield. The segregation pattern of F2 rice population on the characters of the number of productive tillers, panicle length, grain weight per panicle, number of grains per panicle, and grain weight per clump are normally distributed (quantitative). Transgressive segregants were found in F2 rice on the characters of plant height, flowering age, harvest age, percentage of filled grains, and 1000 seed weight so that these characters are quantitative. The aroma character of F2 rice follows a ratio of 15:1 so it is thought to be controlled by two genes that are duplicate dominant epistasis.

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