Update Artikelilmiah: 39214

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Ledakan non-nuklir terbesar menghancurkan pelabuhan dan merusak lebih dari setengah kota Beirut. Ledakan tersebut menewaskan 218 orang dan melukai tujuh ratus orang serta menghancurkan seluruh bangunan yang berada di sekitar pelabuhan. Para korban yang diakomodir oleh Amnesty International dan Human Right Watch menyerukan investigasi mandiri dan kredibel dengan mengharapkan United Nations Human Rights Council melaksanakan mekanisme fact finding mission atau commission of inquiry dalam kasus ledakan ini.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaturan amonium nitrat sebagai bahan berbahaya menurut hukum internasional serta fungsi United Nations Human Rights Council pada ledakan amonium nitrat di pelabuhan Lebanon dengan menggunakan mekanisme commission of inquiry atau fact finding mission. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode pendekatan Yuridis normatif dan spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum premier dan sekunder. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penelaahan terhadap kepustakaan. Metode penyajian data disajikan dalam bentuk teks naratif dengan metode analisis data secara kualitatif. 
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa pengaturan ammonium nitrat sebagai bahan berbahaya di laut diatur dalam The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) 1974 dan MARPOL 73/78 Annex III yang selanjutnya mengadopsi International Maritime Dangerous Code 1965  (IMDG Code). United Nations Human Rights Council hingga tahun 2022 belum melakukan fungsinya dengan menyelidiki insiden ledakan amonium nitrat di Beirut dengan menggunakan mekanisme fact finding mission ataupun commission of inquiry. Kasus ledakan tersebut tidak memenuhi kriteria prioritas kasus yang ditangani Human Rights Council menurut guideline yang sudah dibuat.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

The largest non-nuclear explosion in history destroyed the port and damaged more than half of the city of Beirut. The blast killed 218 people and injured seven thousand and destroyed all buildings around the port. Victims accommodated by Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch called for an independent and credible investigation in the hope that the United Nations Human Rights Council implement a fact finding mission or commission of inquiry mechanism in the blast case.
This study aims to analyze the regulation of ammonium nitrate as a hazardous according to international law as well as the function of the United Nations Human Rights Council on ammonium nitrate explosions in Beirut’s ports using the commission of inquiry or fact-finding mission mechanism. This research is qualitative research with a juridical normative approach method and descriptive research specifications. The types of data used are secondary data. The data collection method is carried out through a review of the literature. The method of presenting data is presented in the form of narrative texts arranged by qualitatively analyzing data methods. 
Based on the research, the results obtained the regulation of ammonium nitrate as a hazardous material is regulated in The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) 1974 and the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships MARPOL 73/78 Annex III which subsequently adopted the International Maritime Dangerous Code 1965 (IMDG Code). Second, the United Nations Human Rights Council in 2022 has not performed its function by investigating the ammonium nitrate explosion incident in Beirut using a fact finding mission mechanism or a commission of inquiry, the explosion case does not meet the priority criteria for cases handled by the Human Rights Council according to the guide line that has been created.

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