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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Actinomycetes merupakan bakteri Gram positif, bersifat aerobik, membentuk spora, dengan kandungan guanin dan sitosin tinggi (57-75%) yang tersebar secara luas di tanah. Actinomycetes terutama genus Streptomyces diketahui kemampuannya dalam memproduksi senyawa metabolit sekunder berupa antibiotik. Streptomyces sp. SAE4034 merupakan koleksi Laboratorium Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Biologi, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman yang diisolasi dari lumpur rizosfer Rhizophora apiculata di lokasi E40, kawasan mangrove Segara Anakan Cilacap, diketahui mampu memproduksi senyawa metabolit sekunder. Metabolit sekunder senyawa antibakteri bermanfaat dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan penghambatan senyawa antibakteri yang dihasilkan oleh Streptomyces sp. SAE4034 terhadap bakteri patogen Shigella sp. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental dalam dua tahap menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Penelitian tahap 1 untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu inkubasi terhadap produksi ekstrak etanol Streptomyces sp. SAE4034. Penelitian tahap 2 untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi ekstrak etanol terhadap pertumbuhan Shigella sp. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dengan tingkat kesalahan 5%, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar perlakuan. Hasil penelitian pada tahap pertama yaitu waktu inkubasi optimum dari isolat Streptomyces sp. SAE4034 untuk menghasilkan ekstrak kasar tertinggi adalah 28 hari dan rendemen yang dihasilkan yaitu sebanyak 101,126 g/L. Hasil penelitian tahap kedua menunjukkan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol 10.000 ppm mampu menghambat pertumbuhan Shigella sp. paling tinggi dengan diameter zona hambat 8,1 mm. Hasil uji MIC menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi ekstrak etanol 6.000 ppm telah dapat membunuh pertumbuhan Shigella sp.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Actinomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria that have aerobic properties, can form spores, with high content of guanine and cytosine which are widely distributed in the soil. Actinomycetes, especially the genus Streptomyces, are known to have the ability to produce secondary metabolites in the form of antibiotics. Streptomyces sp. SAE4034 is a collection of the Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Jenderal Sudirman University, which was isolated from the rhizospheric mud of Rhizophora apiculata at location E40. This location is a mangrove area of Segara Anakan Cilacap and is known to be capable of producing secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolites of antibacterial compounds are useful in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the inhibitory ability of antibacterial compounds produced by Streptomyces sp SAE4034 against the pathogenic bacteria Shigella sp. This research was conducted experimentally in two stages using the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method. The first stage in this study was conducted to determine the effect of incubation time on the production of ethanol extract of Streptomyces sp. SAE4034. The second stage in this study was conducted to determine the effect of variations in the concentration of ethanol extract on the growth of Shigella sp. Data analysis was carried out using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) method with an error rate of 5%, then continued with the BNT test to determine the differences between treatments. The results of the research in the first stage, namely the optimum incubation time of the Streptomyces sp. SAE4034 to produce the highest crude extract was 28 days and the yield was 101.126 g/L. The results of the second stage of the study showed a concentration of 10,000 ppm ethanol extract was able to inhibit the growth of Shigella sp. the highest with an inhibition zone diameter of 8.1 mm. The MIC test results showed that the ethanol extract concentration of 6,000 ppm was able to kill the growth of Shigella sp.

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