Update Artikelilmiah: 36983

BAGUS ADIWENA ARWENDAPUTRA

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Plastik yang digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari berupa polyolefin (polietilen dan polipropilen) yang sulit terdegradasi oleh mikroorganisme sehingga menyebabkan dampak negatif bagi lingkungan. Penelitian mengenai bahan dasar pembuatan bioplastik telah dilakukan menggunakan kulit singkong. Kulit singkong memiliki kandungan pati sebesar 15-20% dari 100 g kulit singkong yang dapat digunakan untuk bahan baku pembuatan bioplastik. Selulosa ampas tebu dan plasticizer sorbitol ditambahkan untuk memperbaiki sifat bioplastik yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat fisik dan mekanik, serta mengetahui penurunan berat pada bioplastik berbahan dasar pati kulit singkong dan selulosa ampas tebu dengan penambahan variasi konsentrasi plasticizer sorbitol. Variasi konsentrasi plasticizer sorbitol yang digunakan adalah 0, 30, 45, dan 60%. Parameter yang diamati yaitu ketebalan, densitas, kadar air, daya serap air, kuat tarik, elongasi, modulus Young, dan uji biodegradasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan konsentrasi plasticizer sorbitol berpengaruh terhadap ketebalan, densitas, elongasi, modulus Young, dan uji biodegradasi. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh nilai ketebalan sebesar 0,169-0,232 mm, densitas sebesar 0,82-0,94 g/cm3, kadar air sebesar 12,61-15,43%, daya serap air sebesar 7,9-32,30%, kuat tarik sebesar 5,32-10,51 MPa, elongasi sebesar 2,35-34,75%, dan modulus Young sebesar 0,15-3,69 MPa. Persentase penurunan berat bioplastik rata-rata setelah hari ke-10 yaitu 71,24-100%.
Kata kunci: biodegradasi, bioplastik, kulit singkong, selulosa, sorbitol

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Plastics used in everyday life are polyolefins (polyethylene and polypropylene) which are difficult to degrade by microorganisms, causing negative impacts on the environment. Research on the basic ingredients for making bioplastics has been carried out using cassava peels. Cassava peel has a starch content of 15-20% of 100 g of cassava peel which can be used as raw material for making bioplastics. Bagasse cellulose and sorbitol plasticizer were added to improve the bioplastic properties produced. This study aims to determine the physical and mechanical properties, as well as to determine the weight loss of bioplastics made from cassava peel starch and bagasse cellulose with the addition of variations in the concentration of the plasticizer sorbitol. The concentration variations of the sorbitol plasticizer used were 0, 30, 45, and 60%. Parameters observed were thickness, density, moisture content, water absorption, tensile strength, elongation, Young's modulus, and biodegradation test. The results showed that the addition of the concentration of sorbitol plasticizer had an effect on thickness, density, elongation, Young's modulus, and biodegradation tests. The results of this study obtained a thickness value of 0.169-0.232 mm, a density of 0.82-0.94 g/cm3, water content of 12.61-15.43%, water absorption of 7.9-32.30% , tensile strength of 5.32-10.51 MPa, elongation of 2.35-34.75%, and Young's modulus of 0.15-3.69 MPa. The percentage of bioplastic weight loss on average after the 10th day was 71.24-100%. 
Keywords: biodegradation, bioplastic, cassava peel, cellulose, sorbitol

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