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PUTRI MULIA AZZUMAR

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis medium alternatif yang sesuai untuk pertumbuhan jamur patogen gulma, mengetahui lama simpan jamur patogen gulma, dan mengetahui efektivitas jamur patogen gulma terhadap bandotan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman dan di Rumah Kaca, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Agustus 2021 sampai Januari 2022. Rancangan acak lengkap digunakan di Laboratorium sedangkan rancangan acak kelompok digunakan di rumah kaca. Faktorial yang terdiri atas 2 faktor yaitu jamur patogen gulma (Curvularia sp., Fusarium oxysporum, Chaetomium sp.) dan jenis medium (air cucian beras dan limbah cair tahu) dengan 4 kali ulangan. Variabel yang diamati yaitu perhitungan kerapatan konidium jamur patogen, jumlah koloni, masa inkubasi dan gejala, intensitas penyakit, AUDPC, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot tajuk segar, bobot tajuk kering, bobot akar segar, dan bobot akar kering. Kerapatan konidium pada medium air cucian beras lebih baik 57% dibandingkan limbah cair tahu. Kerapatan konidium jamur F. oxysporum pada medium air cucian beras sebesar 37,45 x 107 konidium/mL. Medium air cucian beras menjadi medium terbaik untuk perbanyakan jamur. Lama simpan terbaik untuk jamur patogen yaitu selama 4 minggu. Masa inkubasi medium air cucian beras + F. oxysporum dan Curvularia sp. 77 dan 71,3%, intensitas penyakit 90,4 dan 87,5%, AUDPC 94,3 dan 93,1% dibanding kontrol. Perlakuan limbah cair tahu + Curvularia sp. mampu menekan jumlah daun 59%, bobot tajuk segar 33%, dan bobot tajuk kering 25% dibanding kontrol, sedangkan tinggi tanaman, bobot akar basah, dan bobot akar kering tidak berbeda nyata.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

This study aimed to determine the kind of alternative media for the growth of weed pathogenic fungi, to determine the shelf life of weed pathogenic fungi, and to determine the effectiveness of weed pathogenic fungi against bandotan. The research was carried out at the Plant Protection Laboratory and in the Greenhouse, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Sudirman University, from August 2021 to January 2022. Completely randomized design was used in the laboratory while randomized block design was used in the greenhouse with two factors, namely weed pathogenic fungi (Curvularia sp., F. oxysporum, Chaetomium sp.) and kinds of media (rice washing water and tofu liquid waste) with 4 replicates. Variables observed were conidia density, number of colonies, incubation period and symptoms, disease intensity, AUDPC, plant height, number of leaves, fresh crown weight, dry crown weight, fresh root weight, and dry root weight. Result of the research showed that conidia density in rice washing water medium was 57% better than in tofu liquid waste indicated by the density of F. oxysporum in rice washing water as 3.75 x 108 conidia/mL. Rice washing water was the best media for fungal propagation. The best shelf life for pathogenic fungi was 4 weeks. F. oxysporum and Curvularia sp. propagated in the rice washing water could delay incubation period of 77 and 71.3%, suppress disease intensity 90.4 and 87.5%, and AUDPC 94.3 and 93.1%, respectively, compared to control. However, Curvularia sp. propagated in tofu liquid waste was able to suppress the number of leaves 59%, fresh crown weight 33%, and dry crown weight 25% compared to the control, while plant height, wet root weight, and dry root weight were not significantly different.

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