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PRASTOWO AJI BUDI HUTOMO

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Rhizobacteria merupakan jenis bakteri rhizosfer yang berhabitat di tanah sekitar perakaran tanaman. Asosiasi bakteri Rhizobacteria dan akar tanaman dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman dan ketahanan serangan hawar daun bakteri (HDB) padi melalui produksi fitohormon IAA pada akar dan memacu induksi ketahanan sistemik (ISR) tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh inokulasi Rhizobacteria indigenous lahan salin terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil padi toleran salin serta efektivitas bakteri dalam menekan laju infeksi penyakit hawar daun bakteri padi pada kondisi salinitas tinggi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Agronomi & Hortikultura, Laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman dan Screen House Eksperimental Farm Fakultas Pertanian UNSOED pada Desember 2020 – Juni 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktor tunggal dengan 9 taraf perlakuan dan diulang 3 kali. Perlakuan yang diuji antara lain kontrol, kontrol infeksi Xoo dan inokulasi isolat Rhizobacteria JA1, JB1, JB2, JD1, JE1, R08, dan R011 yang diinfeksi bakteri Xoo pada media cair AB Mix dengan kadar salinitas (DHL) 5,5 dS.m-1. Inokulasi isolat Rhizobacteria mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan padi pada biomassa tanaman, panjang akar total, luas daun, kadar klorofil daun, LAB, jumlah anakan dan tinggi tanaman padi masing-masing sebesar 142,5%, 106,9%, 68,2%, 34,3%, 64,7%, 61,7%, dan 23,7%. Inokulasi isolat Rhizobacteria mampu meningkatkan hasil panen padi toleran salin pada bobot gabah per rumpun, bobot 1000 biji dan indek panen (IP) masing-masing sebesar 47,5%, 10%, dan 10,6%. Selain itu, inokulasi isolat Rhizobacteria mampu menurunkan kehampaan gabah sebesar 15% dan menekan intensitas serangan penyakit HDB padi hingga 12,4%.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Rhizobacteria are group of rhizosphere bacteria that lives in the soil around plant roots. The association of Rhizobacteria and plant roots can promote plant growth and resistance to leaf blight disease (HDB) attacks in paddy through the production of IAA phytohormones at the root and stimulate the induction systemic resistance (ISR) of the plant. This research aimed to examine the effect of inoculation of Rhizobacteria indigenous saline soil on the growth and yield of saline-tolerant paddy and the effectiveness of inoculation Rhizobacteria in suppressing HDB paddy disease under conditions of high salinity stress. The research was conducted at the Agronomy & Horticulture Laboratory, Plant Protection Laboratory, and Screen House Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture UNSOED in December – June 2021. This research used a single factor Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 9 levels of treatment and repeated 3 times. The treatments in this study included control, control (infected Xoo) and inoculation of Rhizobacteria isolates JA1, JB1, JB2, JD1, JE1, R08, and R011 that infected by Xoo bacteria on AB Mix liquid medium with salinity (EC) of 5,5 dS.m-1. Inoculation of Rhizobacteria isolates was able to increase paddy growth in plant biomass, total root length, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll, net assimilation rate (NAR), number of tillers, and plant height of paddy respectively by 142,5%, 106,9%, 68,2%, 34,3%, 64,7%, 61,7%, and 23,7%. Inoculation of Rhizobacteria isolates was able to increase paddy yields in grain weight per clump, the weight of 1000 seeds, and harvest index by 47,5%, 10%, and 18,5%. In addition, inoculation of Rhizobacteria isolates was able to reduce grain voidness by 15% and suppress the intensity of HDB by 12,4%.

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