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ALIFASYA ADESAINE BALTIMORA

NIM

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Anura adalah salah satu ordo kelas Amphibia yang meliputi katak dan kodok. Secara umum, Anura memiliki kulit permeabel dan hidup dalam kondisi kelembaban tinggi, air netral, dan suhu lingkungan yang stabil antara 20°C - 30°C. Dengan demikian, karena sifat fisiologis, morfologis, dan anatomisnya menjadikan mereka sangat sensitif dan rentan terhadap perubahan lingkungan. Perubahan lingkungan akan mempengaruhi keragaman dan pesebaran Anura. Anura juga dikenal memiliki keanekaragaman jenis yang relatif banyak. Meski demikian, Anura merupakan yang paling beragam dan melimpah di daerah tropis, seperti di Indonesia. Meskipun banyak penelitian tentang keragaman jenis Anura di Indonesia, namun data keanekaragaman Anuran di Jawa belum terdata secara lengkap dan menyeluruh. Tidak ada catatan keanekaragaman Anuran di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang, Pemalang, Jawa Tengah. Pemantauan keragaman Anuran akan memberikan wawasan tentang kondisi ekosistem yang ada dan kesehatannya. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman Anuran di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang; (2) menganalisis hubungan keragaman anuran dengan kondisi lingkungan di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang.
Studi dilakukan dengan metode survei dengan teknik Visual Encounter Survey (VES) di sepanjang aliran sungai di dalam cagar alam selama musim kemarau. Ada tiga jalur observasi di sepanjang aliran sungai. Anuran ditangkap, diidentifikasi, dan didokumentasikan dari track I pukul 19.00 hingga akhir track III pukul 09.00. Data kondisi lingkungan, termasuk suhu udara, kelembaban udara, dan pH air dicatat. Pengambilan sampel diulang tiga kali antara 26 Agustus dan 24 September 2019.
Variabel yang diamati adalah keanekaragaman Anuran dan kondisi lingkungan. Parameter penelitian ini adalah jumlah spesies Anuran, nilai individu spesies, nilai suhu udara, nilai kelembaban udara, dan nilai pH air. Keanekaragaman spesies ditentukan dengan menganalisis data menggunakan indeks Shannon-Wiener (H'). Korelasi antara keragaman Anura dan kondisi lingkungan dilakukan dengan analisis Korelasi Rank Spearman menggunakan SPSS versi 25.0.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keanekaragaman anuran di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang termasuk dalam kategori rendah (H '= 1.43). Ditemukan lima spesies Anura dari empat famili yaitu Fejervarya limnocharis, Occidozyga lima (Dicroglossidae), Microhyla achatina (Microhylidae), Bijurana nicobariensis (Ranidae) dan Polypedates leucomystax (Rhacophoridae). Suhu udara pada malam hari berkisar antara 23°C - 25°C, kelembaban relatif antara 86% - 88%, dan pH air di sungai adalah 5. Ada korelasi positif sedang antara suhu dan keragaman Anura akan tetapi datanya tidak signifikan pada taraf 95% (rs = 0,527, p = 0,145). Terdapat korelasi negatif sedang antara kelembaban dengan keanekaragaman anura namun data tidak signifikan pada taraf 95% (rs = -0.580, p = 0.102). Tidak ada korelasi antara pH dan keanekaragaman Anura di Cagar Alam Bantarbolang.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Anura is one of the orders of class Amphibia that includes frogs and toads. Generally, Anura has moist permeable skin and lives in conditions with high humidity, neutral water, and a stable environmental temperature of 20°C - 30°C. Thus, because of its physiological, morphological, and anatomical characteristics made them highly sensitive and susceptible to environmental changes. The changes in the environment will affect the diversity and distribution of Anura. Anura is also known to have a relatively large number of species diversity. Nevertheless, Anura is the most diverse and abundant in tropical areas, like in Indonesia. Despite many studies about Anura species diversity in Indonesia, the data of Anuran diversity in Java has not been recorded entirely and thoroughly. There is no record of Anuran diversity in Bantarbolang Nature Reserve, Pemalang, Central Java. Monitoring Anuran diversity would provide an insight into the prevailing conditions of an ecosystem and its health. Hence, the purposes of this study are (1) to determine the diversity of the Anuran in the Bantarbolang Nature Reserve; (2) to analyze the correlation between Anuran diversity and environmental conditions in the Bantarbolang Nature Reserve.
Studies was conducted using a survey method with the technique of Visual Encounter Survey (VES) along the streams inside the nature reserve during the dry season. There are three observation tracks along the stream. Anuran was captured, identified, and documented from track I at 07:00 PM to the end of track III at 09:00 PM. Data environmental conditions, including air temperature, air humidity, and water pH were noted. Sampling was repeated three times between 26th August and 24th September 2019. 
The variable observed were the diversity of Anuran and environmental conditions. This study parameters are the total number of Anuran species,  individual species, value of air temperature, value of air humidity, and value of pH water. The species diversity was determined by analyzing data using the Shannon-Wiener index (H'). The correlation between Anuran diversity and environmental conditions was performed by Spearman's Rank Correlation analyses using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 25.0.
This study showed that the Anuran diversity in Bantarbolang nature reserve was categorized low (H' = 1.43). Five species of Anura from four families were found, namely Fejervarya limnocharis, Occidozyga lima (Dicroglossidae), Microhyla achatina (Microhylidae), Bijurana nicobariensis (Ranidae) and Polypedates leucomystax (Rhacophoridae). The air temperature at night ranged from 23°C - 25°C, the relative humidity between 86% - 88%, and the water pH at the stream was 5. There was moderate, positive correlation between temperature and diversity of Anura however the data was not significant on the level of 95% (rs = 0.527, p = 0.145). There was moderate, negative correlation between humidity and Anura diversity however the data was not significant on the level of 95% (rs = -0.580, p = 0.102). There was no correlation between pH and Anura diversity in Bantarbolang nature reserve.

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