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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persentase kitosan terbaik untuk membuat formula metabolit sekunder Pseudomonas fluorescens P60, potensi metabolit sekunder P. fluorescens P60 yang diperkaya kitosan terhadap penekanan penyakit budok dan terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman nilam. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman dan Screen House Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman dari bulan November 2019-November 2020. Rancangan Acak Lengkap uji in vitro dengan perlakuan kitosan 0, 0,5, 1, 1,5, dan 2%. Rancangan Acak Kelompok untuk uji in planta dengan perlakuan terdiri atas 2 faktor, yaitu dosis metabolit sekunder P. fluorescens P60+kitosan dan waktu aplikasi. Dosis terdiri atas kontrol, metabolit sekunder P. fluorescens P60+kitosan 10, 25, dan 40 mL/tanaman. Waktu aplikasi terdiri atas perendaman bibit 30 menit, penyiraman 3 kali interval 3 hari, dan penyemprotan bagian bawah daun 2 kali interval 2 hari. Variabel pengamatan terdiri atas uji protaese, uji kitinase, uji daya hambat, masa inkubasi, intensitas penyakit, laju infeksi, AUDPC, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot tanaman segar, bobot akar segar, bobot tanaman kering, dan bobot akar kering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi kitosan terbaik untuk pemformulaan metabolit sekunder yaitu 1,5%, ditunjukkan dengan meningkatnya diameter zona bening pada uji kitinase dan protease masing-masing sebesar 47,83 dan 43,94%, serta meningkatnya daya hambat terhadap patogen sebesar 26,57% dibandingkan kontrol. Perlakuan penyiraman 3 kali dengan dosis 10 mL/tanaman mampu menurunkan intensitas penyakit sebesar 63,62%, laju infeksi sebesar 75,71%, dan AUDPC sebesar 57,37%. Pemberian metabolit sekunder P. fluorescens P60 yang diperkaya kitosan 1,5% belum mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot tanaman basah, bobot akar basah, bobot tanaman kering, dan bobot akar kering tanaman nilam. Namun, perlakuan dosis 25 mL/tanaman mampu meningkatkan bobot kering akar sebesar 41,28% dibandingkan kontrol.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

ABSTRACT
This study aimed to determine the best concentration of chitosan for formulation of the secondary metabolites, the secondary metabolites potency of P. fluorescens P60 enriched with chitosan in controlling the disease and on growth of patchouli. The research was conducted at the Plant Protection Laboratory and the screen house, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, from November 2019 to November 2020. Completely randomized design was used in in vitro test with the treatments as percentage of chitosan 0, 1, and 2%. Randomized block design was used in in planta test with the treatments consisted of two factors, i.e., dose of the secondary metabolites from P. fluorescens P60+chitosan and time of application. The dose was consisted of control, and the secondary metabolites of 10, 25, and 40 mL/plant. Application time was soaking seeds for 30 minutes, drenching 3 times intervals of 3 days, and spraying on the underside of the leaves 2 times with an interval of 2 days. Variables observed were protease activity, chitinase activity, inhibition ability, incubation period, disease intensity, rate of infection, AUDPC, plant height, number of leaves, fresh plant weight, fresh root weight, dry plant weight, and dry root weight. Result of the research showed that the best concentration of chitosan for formulation of the secondary metabolites was 1,5% indicated by increasing diameter of the clear zone on the chitinase and protease test of 47,83 and 43,94% , respectively, and inhibition of pathogens by 26,57% compared control. Spraying the secondary metabolites two times at a dose of 40 mL/plant was able to prolong the incubation period. Drenching the secondary metabolites with a dose of 10 mL/plant was able to reduce the disease intensity by 63,62%, the infection rate by 75,71% and AUDPC by 57,37%.  Application of the secondary metabolites of P. fluorescens P60 enriched with 1,5% chitosan was not able to increase plant height, number of leaves, plant wet and dry weight, and root wet and dry weight. However, the secondary metabolites with a dose of 25 mL/plant was able to increase the root dry weight by 41,28%.

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