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DIANA DAMAYANTI

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Penurunan stunting merupakan salah satu target Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Stunting penting untuk segera diatasi karena dampaknya bersifat multisektoral. Pemerintah Indonesia melakukan upaya percepatan penanggulangan masalah stunting yang melibatkan 23 Kementerian/lembaga. Termasuk Kementerian Desa, Pembangunan Daerah tertinggal dan Transmigrasi melalui alokasi dana desa. Dana transfer desa didorong menjadi salah satu potensi dalam Program Penurunan Stunting. Kementerian Desa, Pembangunan Daerah tertinggal dan Transmigrasi menerbitkan Buku Saku Desa (2018) dalam Penanganan Stunting yang memuat potensi atau kegiatan-kegiatan apa saja yang dapat dialokasikan dalam APBDes dan dibiayai dengan Dana Desa sebagai upaya penanganan stunting. Gununglurah menjadi desa dengan kasus stunting yang sangat tinggi di tahun 2019, yakni mencapai 200 kasus atau 32,52 persen (Desa dengan jumlah stunting terbesar di Kab. Banyumas tahun 2019). Padahal, desa Gununglurah merupakan salah satu lokus prioritas penurunan stunting semenjak tahun 2018. Masih tingginya kasus stunting di Desa Gununglurah menunjukkan gejala belum optimalnya Implementasi Program Penurunan Stunting.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas Implementasi Program Penurunan Stunting melalui Dana Desa dan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi implementasi kebijakan tersebut di di Desa Gununglurah, Kecamatan Cilongok, Kabupaten Banyumas. Implementasi kebijakan tersebut dilihat dari aspek kepatuhan dan aspek faktual. Selanjutnya, aspek-aspek yang digunakan untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi implementasi meliputi komunikasi, sumber daya, disposisi/sikap pelaksana, serta struktur birokrasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan upaya analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan model analisis interaktif dari Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pemerintah Desa Gununglurah sebagai implementor Program Penurunan Stunting melalui Dana Desa belum memahami secara penuh kebijakan tersebut. Dari aspek kepatuhan, pemerintah desa Gununglurah memang telah  menyusun dan melaksanakan kegiatan-kegiatan berskala desa yang relevan dengan upaya penurunan stunting melalui APBDes Namun, dari aspek Faktual, pemerintah desa Gununglurah cenderung hanya mematuhi dan melaksanakan kegiatan yang direkomendasikan oleh Buku Saku Desa dalam Penurunan Stunting tanpa melihat lebih jauh kegiatan atau program apa yang sebenarnya paling dibutuhkan dan perlu diprioritaskan untuk mempercepat penurunan stunting. Dari penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor komunikasi, sumber daya, diposisi dan struktur birokrasi belum berjalan dengan baik dalam implementasi Program Penurunan Stunting melalui dana desa di Gununglurah, sehingga proses implementasinya pun belum optimal.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Stunting reduction is one of the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Stunting is important to overcome immediately because the impact is multisectoral. The Indonesian government is making efforts to accelerate the response to stunting problems involving 23 ministries / agencies. Including the Ministry of Villages, Development of Underdeveloped Regions and Transmigration through the allocation of village funds. Village transfer funds are encouraged to be one of the potentials in the Stunting Reduction Program. The PDTT Village Ministry published the Village Pocket Book (2018) in Handling Stunting which contains the potential or activities that can be allocated in the APBDes and financed with the Village Fund as an effort to handle stunting. Gununglurah is a village with a very high number of stunting cases in 2019, reaching 200 cases or 32.52 percent (The village with the largest number of stunting in Banyumas Regency in 2019). In fact, Gununglurah village has been one of the priority locus for stunting reduction since 2018. The still high number of stunting cases in Gununglurah Village shows symptoms of not yet optimal implementation of the Stunting Reduction Program.
This study aims to discuss the implementation of the Stunting Reduction Program through the Village Fund and to determine the factors that influence the implementation of the policy in Gununglurah Village, Cilongok District, Banyumas Regency. The implementation of the policy is seen from the compliance and factual aspects. Furthermore, the aspects used to see the factors that influence implementation include communication, resources, dispositions, and bureaucratic structure. The research was conducted using qualitative research methods. Data collection was carried out by interview, observation and documentation. Meanwhile, data analysis efforts were carried out using interactive analysis models from Miles, Huberman, and Saldana.
The results showed that the Gununglurah Village Government as the implementor of the Stunting Reduction Program through the Village Fund did not fully understand the policy. From the compliance aspect, the Gununglurah village government has indeed arranged and implemented village-scale activities that are relevant to efforts to reduce stunting through the APBDes. However, from the factual aspect, the Gununglurah village government tends to only comply with and carry out the activities recommended by the Village Pocket Book in Reducing Stunting without looking further at what activities or programs are actually needed most and need to be prioritized to accelerate stunting reduction in Gununglurah Village. From the research it can be concluded that factors of communication, resources, position and structure of the bureaucracy influence have not worked well in the implementation of the Stunting Reduction Program through village funds in Gununglurah, so that the implementation process is not yet optimal.

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