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Pengaruh Status Sosial Ekonomi, Motivasi, melalui Kemanfaatan terhadap Partisipasi Pesanggem Dalam Perhutanan Sosial di Hutan Wisata Citamiang
Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)
Pengelolaan hutan berorientasi pada pertumbuhan ekonomi menyebabkan marginalisasi masyarakat sekitar hutan. Pengembangan perhutanan sosial diharapkan dapat membalikkan paradigma top down menjadi bottom up yang mengutamakan partisipasi masyarakat setempat. Penelitian dilakukan di Wisata Alam yang dikelola oleh Lembaga Masyarakat Desa Hutan (LMDH) Puncak Lestari di Desa Tugu Utara, Kecamatan Cisarua, Kabupaten Bogor. Jumlah populasi anggota LMDH 75 orang, sampel sebesar 50% diwakili oleh 38 orang yang dipilih secara proportionate random sampling. Metode pengumpulan data adalah wawancara dengan panduan kusioner dan dokumentasi, data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis jalur. Status sosial ekonomi anggota LMDH termasuk rendah, rata-rata 73,7% tidak tamat SMP, dan 71% pendapatan lebih kecil dari Upah Minimum Kabupaten (UMK). Rata-rata 89,47% motivasi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pokok dan memperoleh legalitas pemanfaatan lahan hutan. Rata-rata 58,76% anggota memperoleh manfaat sosial dan ekonomi yang signifikan pengaruhnya terhadap partisipasi, dimana variabel intervening kemanfaatan memperkuat pengaruh status sosial ekonomi dan motivasi terhadap partisipasi. Total pengaruh status sosial ekonomi dan motivasi terhadap partispasi sebesar 64,1%, pengaruh status sosial ekonomi lebih besar dibandingkan motivasi. Intervensi pemerintah berupa pemberian hak lahan hutan yang sah berbentuk SK Pengakuan dan Perlindungan Kemitraan Kehutanan (SK Kulin KK) berjangka waktu 35 tahun.
Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)
Forest management oriented to economic growth causes marginalization of communities around the forest. The development of social forestry is expected to reverse the top down to be a bottom up paradigm that prioritizes local community participation. The study was conducted in Nature Tourism which was managed by Forest Village Community Institution (LMDH) Puncak Lestari in North Tugu Village, Cisarua Sub District, Bogor District. Total population of LMDH members is 75 people, a sample of 50% is represented by 38 people selected by proportionate random sampling. Data collection methods are interviews with questionnaire guidance and documentation, data are analyzed using path analysis techniques. The socioeconomic status of LMDH members is low, on average 73.7% have not graduated from junior high school, and 71% of income is less than the District Minimum Wage (UMK). On average 89.47% motivation to meet basic needs and obtain the legality of forest land use. On average 58.76% have received social and economic benefits which have a significant effect on participation, whereas the intervening variable of benefits strengthens the effect of socioeconomic status and motivation on participation. The total effect of socioeconomic status and motivation on participation was 64.1%, the effect of socioeconomic status was greater than motivation. Government intervention in the form of granting legitimate forest land rights in the form of a Forestry Partnership Recognition and Protection Decree (SK Kulin KK) with a period of 35 years.
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