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MARWONO

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

MARWONO, Program Studi Ilmu Hukum, Konsentrasi  Hukum Tata Negara, Penerapan Ketentuan Presidential Threshold dan Implikasinya terhadap Sistem Pemerintahan Presidensial Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, Komisi Pembimbing, Ketua: Prof. Dr. Muhammad Fauzan, S.H., M.Hum., Anggota: Dr. Riris Ardhanariswari, S.H., M.H.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis penerapan ketentuan Presidential Threshold dan implikasinya terhadap sistem pemerintahan presidensial berdasarkan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945.
Presidential threshold sebagai syarat yang ditentukan dalam mekanisme pengusungan pasangan calon Presiden dan Wakil Presiden dengan ambang batas minimal yang diusulkan oleh partai politik atau gabungan partai politik peserta pemilu yang besarannya ditentukan dalam undang-undang dengan persentase perolehan kursi minimal 20% dari jumlah kursi DPR atau memperoeh prosentase minimal 25% dari suara sah secara nasional pada Pemilu anggota DPR sebelumnya, telah menimbulkan persoalan konstitusional dan praktik penyelenggaraan ketatanegaraan di Indonesia. yang dibuktikan dengan adanya bebrapa kali judicial review oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi dan  pro-kontra di berbagai kalangan, baik di kalangan partai-partai politik di DPR, partai politik baru, maupun di kalangan masyarakat akademik dan nonakademik. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif dengan sumber data sekunder dan analisis data dengan deskriptif kualitataif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penerapan ketentuan presidential threshold  sebagai syarat pencalonan dalam pemilihan umum Presiden dan Wakil Presiden yang terdapat dalam Pasal 5 ayat (4) UU No. 23 Tahun 2003 dan Pasal 9 UU No. 42 Tahun 2008 tentang Pemilu Presiden dan Wakil Presiden, serta Pasal 222 Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 tentang Pemilihan Umum,  bertentangan dengan UUD NRI Tahun 1945 terutama Pasal 6A ayat (2) dan ayat (5). Penerapan ketentuan presidential threshold sebagai syarat pencalonan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden menyebabkan terjadinya praktik koalisi antarpartai politik peserta pemilu  dalam sistem pemerintahan presidensial. Implikasi penerapan ketentuan presidential threshold dalam sistem pemerintahan presidensial berdasarkan UUD NRI Tahun 1945  yaitu: a) Penerapan ketentuan Presidential Threshold berkontribusi terhadap berkembangnya praktik koalisi dalam sistem pemerintahan presidensial, b) Penerapan ketentuan presidential threshold sebagai syarat pengisian  jabatan eksekutif tertinggi (Presiden) melemehkan sistem pemerintahan Presidensial, c) Tekanan politik partai koalisi pada masa pencalonan dan pemenangan pasangan calon Presiden dan Wakil Presiden dapat melemahkan hak prerogratif Presiden, dan d) Penerapan ketentuan presidential threshold akan mempengaruhi kekuasaan Presiden sebagai single executive dalam sistem pemerintahan presidensial.
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Kata Kunci: Presidential Threshold, Sistem Pemerintahan Presidensial, UUD NRI Tahun 1945

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

MARWONO, Law Study Program, Concentration on State Administration Law, Application of Presidential Threshold Regulations and Its Implications on the Presidential Government System Based on the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Supervising Commission, Chairperson: Prof. Dr. Muhammad Fauzan, S.H., M.Hum., Member: Dr. Riris Ardhanariswari, S.H., M.H.
This study aims to determine and analyze the application of Presidential Threshold provisions and their implications for the presidential government system based on the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
Presidential threshold as a condition determined in the mechanism for carrying out pairs of candidates for President and Vice President with the minimum threshold proposed by political parties or a combination of political parties participating in the election, the amount of which is determined in the law with a percentage of seats at least 20% of the total DPR seats or obtaining the percentage of at least 25% of the national valid votes in the previous General Election of DPR members has caused constitutional problems and the practice of state administration in Indonesia. as evidenced by the existence of several judicial reviews by the Constitutional Court and the pros and cons in various circles, both among political parties in the DPR, new political parties, as well as among the academic and non-academic communities. This research is a type of normative juridical research with secondary data sources and descriptive qualitative data analysis.
The results showed that the application of the presidential threshold provisions as a requirement for nomination in the general election of President and Vice President contained in Article 5 paragraph (4) of Law no. 23 of 2003 and Article 9 of Law No. 42 of 2008 concerning Presidential and Vice President Elections, as well as Article 222 of Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections, contradicts the 1945 NRI Constitution especially Article 6A paragraph (2) and paragraph (5). The application of the presidential threshold as a condition for the nomination of President and Vice President led to the practice of coalition between political parties participating in the election in a presidential government system. The implications of the application of presidential threshold provisions in the presidential government system based on the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia are: a) The application of Presidential Threshold provisions contributes to the development of coalition practices in presidential government systems, b) The application of presidential threshold provisions as a condition for filling the highest executive position (President) underestimates the government system Presidential, c) The political pressure of the coalition parties during the nomination and winning pairs of candidates for President and Vice President can weaken the prerogative rights of the President, and d) The application of presidential threshold provisions will affect the power of the President as a single executive in the presidential government system.

Keywords: Presidential Threshold, Presidential Government System, 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia

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