Update Artikelilmiah: 24150

FANI SEPTIA FATCHUROHMAH

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis jamur patogen pada gulma berdaun sempit, virulensi jamur patogen terhadap gulma berdaun sempit, serta terhadap tanaman cabai dan tomat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman dan Screen House Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman pada bulan April sampai Agustus 2018. Penelitian dilakukan dengan empat tahapan yaitu 1. Eksplorasi jamur patogen gulma berdaun sempit, 2. Uji Postulat Koch pada gulma Cyperus rotundus dan Cynodon dactylon, 3. Uji virulensi jamur patogen gulma berdaun sempit terhadap gulma Eleusine indica, Cynodon dactylon, Echinochloa crus-galli, Paspalum conjugatum, dan Cyperus rotundus, dan 4. Uji virulensi jamur patogen gulma berdaun sempit terhadap tanaman cabai dan tomat. Rancangan yang digunakan yaitu rancangan petak terbagi (split plot) dengan petak utama tiga jamur patogen dan kontrol, sedangkan anak petak terdiri atas lima spesies gulma, sedangkan pada tahap virulensi pada tanaman budidaya anak petak tanaman cabai dan tomat. Variabel yang diamati yaitu masa inkubasi, intensitas serangan, gejala penyakit, karakteristik morfologi patogen, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan jumlah daun sakit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil eksplorasi jamur patogen gulma berdaun sempit pada gulma C. rotundus dan C. dactylon didapatkan 3 jamur patogen yaitu Aspergillis niger, Curvularia lunata, dan Penicillium sp. Jamur Penicillium sp. merupakan jamur patogen gulma berdaun sempit yang paling virulen dengan intensitas serangan sebesar 28,64%. Jenis gulma paling rentan yaitu E. indica dengan intensitas serangan sebesar 32,18%. Jamur Penicillium sp. juga dapat menimbulkan gejala pada tanaman cabai dan tomat. C. lunata hanya menimbulkan gejala pada tanaman cabai.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

This research aimed to know kinds of narrow leave weed pathogenic fungi, their virulence on narrow leave weeds, and on chili and tomato crops. The research was conducted at the Plant Protection Laboratory and the screen house of the Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University from April to August 2018. The research was carried out in four stages: 1. Exploration of narrow leave weed pathogenic fungi, 2. Koch postulate test on Cyperus rotundus and Cynodon dactylon, 3. Virulence test on Eleusine indica, Cynodon dactylon, Echinochloa crus-galli, Paspalum conjugatum, and Cyperus rotundus, and 4. Virulence tests on chili and tomato crops. Split plot design was used with three pathogenic fungi and control as main-plot and five narrow leave weed species as sub-plot, and chili and tomato crops as sub-plot in the virulence test of cultivated crops. Variables observed were incubation period, attact intensity, disease symptoms, morphological characteristics of the fungal pathogen, plant height, number of leaves, and number of sick leaves. Result of the research showed that the exploration of pathogenic fungi from C. rotundus and C. dactylon resulted three pathogenic fungi, namely Aspergillis niger, Curvularia lunata, and Penicillium sp. Penicillium sp. was the most narrow leave weed pathogenic fungus virulence with attact intensity as 28.64%. The most susceptible weeds was E. indica with attact intensity as 32.18%. Penicillium sp. could also cause symptoms in chili and tomato crops. C. lunata only caused symptoms in chili crops.

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