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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis jamur patogen pada gulma berdaun lebar, serta mengetahui virulensi jamur patogen terhadap gulma berdaun lebar, jagung, dan padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Perlindungan tanaman dan screen house Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jendral Soedirman pada bulan Desember 2016-April 2017. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tiga tahap, yaitu (1) Eksplorasi jamur patogen gulma berdaun lebar; (2) uji virulensi jamur patogen berdaun lebar terhadap lima jenis gulma (Eleuranthera ruderalis Sw., Alternanthera philoxeroides Mart., Ageratum conyzoides L., Amaranthus spinosus L. dan Alternanthera sessilis L.); dan (3) uji virulensi terhadap dua tanaman budidaya (padi dan jagung). Rancangan yang digunakan untuk uji virulensi adalah rancangan petak terbagi (split plot). Petak utama terdiri atas patogen jamur dan anak-petak terdiri atas lima spesies gulma berdaun lebar maupun dua jenis tanaman budidaya. Variabel yang diamati yaitu gejala penyakit, morfologi jamur patogen, masa inkubasi, dan intensitas penyakit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil eksplorasi, identifikasi, dan uji postulat koch jamur patogen gulma berdaun lebar pada gulma Eleuranthera ruderalis Sw dan Alternanthera philoxeroides Mart. didapatkan 3 jamur patogen, yaitu Colletrotichum sp., Fusarium sp. dan Cladosporium sp., Pada uji virulensi dari ketiga patogen pada gulma Eleuranthera ruderalis Sw, Alternanthera philoxeroides Mart., Ageratum conyzoides L., Amaranthus spinosus L. dan Alternanthera sessilis L diketahui bahwa Jamur Fusarium sp. merupakan jamur patogen gulma berdaun lebar yang paling bersifat virulen. Fusarium sp. mampu menginfeksi gulma dengan intensitas penyakit sebesar 8,10%. Hasil pengujian virulensi pada tanaman padi dan jagung tidak menunjukkan gejala penyakit hingga akhir pengamatan.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

This research aimed to know the kind of pathogenic fungi causes disease in wide-leaved weeds and knowing virulance pathogenic fungi against wide-leaved, paddy and maize. The research was carried out at the Laboratory of Plant Protection and a Screen House, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University from December 2016 – April 2017. This research was conducted by three steps (1) Exploration of broad-leave weeds pathogenic fungi; (2) virulence test of broad-leave weeds pathogenic fungi to five species of weeds (Eleuranthera ruderalis Sw., Alternanthera philoxeroides Mart., Ageratum conyzoides L., Amaranthus spinosus L. and Alternanthera sessilis L.); and (3) virulence test on two cultivated plants (rice and corn). The design used for virulence test is split plot design. The main plot is pathogenic fungi and subplots are  five species of broad-leave weeds nor two types of cultivated plants. The variables observed were symptoms of disease, morphology of pathogenic fungi, incubation period, and disease intensity. The results showed that exploratory, identification, and postulate koch test  of broad-leave pathogenic fungi on Sword Eleuranthera ruderalis Sw. weeds and Alternanthera philoxeroides Mart. obtained three pathogenic fungi, Colletrotichum sp., Fusarium sp. and Cladosporium sp.,. On the virulence test of three pathogens on weeds of Eleuranthera ruderalis Sw, Alternanthera philoxeroides Mart., Ageratum conyzoides L., Amaranthus spinosus L. and Alternanthera sessilis L known that Fusarium sp. is the most virulent, broad-leave weeds  pathogenic fungi. Fusarium sp. able to infect weeds with disease intensity 8.10%. The results of virulence test on rice and corn plants showed no symptoms until the end of the observation.

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