Update Artikelilmiah: 16784

DEA NABILLA ANGRUM

NIM

Judul Artikel

Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Dewan Keamanan PBB mengeluarkan resolusi nomor 827 tahun 1993 tentang dibentuknya International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) dan Statuta ICTY. Terbentuknya statuta dan pengadilan ad hoc Yugoslavia dibuat untuk mengakhiri kejahatan kemanusiaan dan mengadili pihak-pihak yang bertanggung jawab atas kejahatan tersebut yang telah dilakukan sejak tahun 1991. Berlakunya Statuta ICTY menimbulkan bentuk pengecualian terhadap asas non-retroaktif dalam perjanjian internasional. Pengaturan tentang asas non-retroaktif dalam perjanjian internasional tercantum dalam Pasal 28 Konvensi Wina 1969 tentang Perjanjian Internasional dan Konvensi Wina 1986 tentang Perjanjian Internasional antara Negara dengan Organisasi Internasional atau antar Organisasi Internasional.
Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang terkumpul kemudian diolah dan dianalisa secara kualitatif dengan penyajian data teks naratif.
Rumusan Pasal 28 Konvensi Wina 1969 dan Pasal 28 Konvensi Wina 1986 pada dasarnya menghendaki suatu perjanjian internasional berlaku non-retroaktif, namun pemberlakuan retroaktif suatu perjanjian internasional dapat diberlakukan dengan suatu alasan tertentu. Konflik etnis dan pelanggaran berat terhadap Hak Asasi Manusia yang terjadi di negara-negara bekas Yugoslavia mengancam perdamaian dan keamanan internasional, sehingga Dewan Keamanan PBB membentuk pengadilan ad hoc Yugoslavia dan Statuta ICTY.
Pemberlakuan asas non-retroaktif dan retroaktif dalam perjanjian internasional dapat diberlakukan yang pada intinya atas dasar prinsip pacta sunt servanda dan prinsip free consent. Terbentuknya Statuta ICTY karena berkaitan dengan kejahatan yang dilakukan para pelaku termasuk ke dalam pelanggaran serius dan berat terhadap masalah kemanusiaan. 
Kata Kunci : non-retroaktif, retroaktif, perjanjian internasional, Dewan Keamanan.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

The Security Council of the United Nations has been issued a resolution number 827 on 1993 that concerning the establishment of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and the Statute of the ICTY. The formation of ad hoc tribunals and the Statute of the Yugoslavia made to ended the crimes against humanity and to prosecute those responsible for the crimes that have been committed since 1991. The enactment of the Statute of ICTY gives rise to form exceptions to the principle of non-retroactivity in international treaties. The regulation of the non-retroactivity principle in the international agreements listed in Article 28 of the Vienna Convention1969 on the Law of Treaties  and Vienna Convention 1986 on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations or between International Organization.
This research used normative juridical method. Data used in this research were secondary data which were qualitatively collected, processed, and analyzed while presented in narrative ways.
The formulation of Article 28 of the Vienna Convention 1969 and Article 28 of the Vienna Convention 1986 essentially wants an international treaties applicable for non-retroactivity, but enactment retroactivity effect a treaty can be eforced with a specific reason. Ethnic conflicts and violations of human rights that accourred in the countries of former Yugoslavia threaten international peace and security, so that the Security Council establish an ad hoc Tribunal Yugoslavia and the Statute of the ICTY.
The enforcement of the principle of non-retroactivity and retroactivity effect in international treaties can be enacted essentially on the basis of the principle of pacta sunt servanda and the principle of free consent. The formation of the Statute of the ICTY it concern to the perpetrators of the crimes commited fall into serious offences and heavy against the problems of humanity.

Keywords : Non-retroactivity, retroactivity, treaties, Security Council.

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