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UTARI DWI KUSUMASTUTI

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Semangka [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] merupakan tanaman dari famili Cucurbitaceae (labu-labuan) yang bersifat semusim. Di Indonesia, semangka memiliki beragam kultivar, keanekaragaman tersebut dapat dilihat dari karakter morfologinya seperti batang, daun, bunga, dan buah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman kultivar semangka serta hubungan kemiripan antar kultivar semangka yang terdapat di sentra semangka Nusawungu, Cilacap. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survai dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara acak terpilih (purposive sampling). Parameter penelitian terdiri dari karakter morfologi batang, daun, bunga, dan buah dari masing-masing kultivar semangka. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dari karakter morfologinya. Untuk mengetahui hubungan kemiripan dianalisis menggunakan metode UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean) dengan software MEGA (Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis) version 5.05.
Hasil penelitian diperoleh lima kultivar semangka yaitu C. lanatus ‘Farmers Giant’, C. lanatus ‘Nina’, C. lanatus ‘Black Orange’, C. lanatus ‘Torpedo’, dan C. lanatus ‘Bintang’. Berdasarkan fenogram diperoleh dua kelompok kemiripan. Kelompok I terdiri dari kultivar C. lanatus ‘Torpedo’, C. lanatus ‘Black Orange’, dan C. lanatus ‘Nina’. Kelompok II terdiri dari kultivar C. lanatus ‘Bintang’ dan C. lanatus ‘Farmers Giant’. Hubungan kemiripan terdekat yaitu kultivar C. lanatus ‘Farmers Giant’ dan C. lanatus ‘Bintang’ dengan indeks disimilaritas 0,516. Hubungan kemiripan terjauh yaitu kultivar C. lanatus ‘Nina’ dan C. lanatus ‘Farmers Giant’ dengan indeks disimilaritas 2,338.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] is a plant of Cucurbitaceae family which is include in an annual plant. In Indonesia, watermelon has diversity in its cultivar as can be seen from the stem, leaf, flower, and fruit morphology. This research is aimed to find out the diversity and the similarity relationship of watermelon cultivar in Nusawungu, Cilacap. A survey method was used in this research by taking the samples with a random sampling technique (purposive sampling). This research parameter consisted of stem, leaf, flower, and fruit morphology of each watermelon cultivar. Data of watermelon cultivar morphology were analyzed descriptively and then analyzed based on the similarity relationship with UPGMA method (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean) using the MEGA 5.05 software.
The result of this research showed that there were five watermelon cultivars namely C. lanatus ‘Farmers Giant’, C. lanatus ‘Nina’, C. lanatus ‘Black Orange’, C. lanatus ‘Torpedo’, and C. lanatus ‘Bintang’. There were two groups of watermelons based on phenetic analysis namely group I consisting of C. lanatus ‘Torpedo’, C. lanatus ‘Black Orange’, and C. lanatus ‘Nina’ cultivars, group II consisting of C. lanatus ‘Bintang’ and C. lanatus ‘Farmers Giant’. The closest similarity was between C. lanatus ‘Farmers Giant’ and C. lanatus ‘Bintang’ cultivars with the dissimilarity index of 0,516. While the most distantly related was between C. lanatus ‘Nina’ and C. lanatus ‘Farmers Giant’ cultivars with the dissimilarity index of 2,338.

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