Update Artikelilmiah: 16166

DESINTA DWI NURIYANTI

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Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Kumbang badak (Oryctes rhinoceros L.) dapat hidup dengan optimal dengan dukungan dari faktor ekologis yang cocok. Faktor ekologis meliputi habitat limbah material organik di vegetasi tersebut, musuh alami, musim, dan faktor cuaca (suhu, curah hujan dan kelembaban) diteliti pengaruhnya terhadap struktur populasi kumbang badak pada Oktober-Desember 2015. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei dengan pengambilan sampel dilakukan sebanyak empat kali, dua kali pada musim kemarau dan dua kali pada musim penghujan. Data dianalisis dengan analisis ANOVA dan untuk mengetahui faktor ekologis yang paling berpengaruh dilakukan uji lanjut dengan Duncan. Berdasarkan ANOVA, ada perbedaan antar habitat F=0,012 untuk perbandingan antara jerami dan serasah daun, 0,002 antara jerami dan tanpa limbah, 0,000 antara serasah daun dan tanpa limbah, serta 0,001 untuk batang pohon dan tanpa limbah (P<0,05). Untuk stadium pupa dan imago hasil analisis ANOVA menunjukkan hasil tidak berbeda nyata. Faktor musim memberikan hasil bahwa terjadi peningkatan di ketiga stadium yang ditemukan dengan jumlah yang berbeda. Stadium larva mengalami peningkatan sebanyak 381 larva, stadium pupa sebanyak 25 pupa, dan peningkatan sebanyak 166 ekor kumbang badak stadium imago. Setelah dilakukan uji statistik dengan uji t, jumlah populasi kumbang badak pada musim kemarau dan penghujan berbeda nyata dengan nilai uji t =0,000 untuk stadium larva, sedangkan pada pupa, t = 0,038 (P<0,05). Setelah dilakukan uji lanjut diperoleh hasil habitat limbah material organik merupakan faktor ekologi yang paling berpengaruh. Habitat limbah material organik yang paling berpengaruh adalah batang pohon, disusul dengan habitat serasah dan jerami.

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros L.) can live optimally with the support of a suitable ecological factors. Ecological factors which include habitat waste organic materials of vegetation, the natural enemies, the season, and the weather factors (such as:temperature, rainfalls, and humidity) were investigated by their effects on the population structure of the Rhinoceros beetle during October to December 2015. 
This study is a survey of sampling which had been done four times, twice in the dry season and twice in the rainy season. The data were analyzed with multivariate analysis,whereas to determine the most ecological factors, it is needed a continued study by Duncan test. 
The results of multivariate analysis of variance abundance of each stage of the rhinoceros beetle in some types of waste, season, temperature, habitat temperature, humidity, and moisture habitat and their interactions showed that the waste is a key ecological factor rhinoceros beetle larval development (P <0.10).
The results of further analysis by Duncan test showed that the leaf litter waste is a key factor for larval development (P <0.10), while the interaction of temperature and humidity habitat influence pupal stage (P <0.20). Results of multivariate analysis also showed that interaction between the type of waste with humidity and moisture habitat; types of waste with humidity; humidity humidity habitat with a variety of factors that affect the interaction of the abundance of the rhinoceros beetle larvae stage (P <0.10). The four factors that interact earlier showed important ecological factors that work together in influencing abundance rhinoceros beetle grub.
Unlike the grub abundance, pupa stage rhinoceros beetle abundance is determined by the interaction between the type of waste to the air temperature (P <0.10), or in other words, the interaction between the type of waste to the air temperature is a key factor in the development of rhinoceros beetle pupa stage. Meanwhile, the interaction between temperature humidity habitat with habitat; temperature and humidity habitat habitat as the sole factor refers to the ecological factors that influence the development of rhinoceros beetle pupa stage.
Keywords: ecological factors, Oryctes rhinoceros L., population structure, habitat, season

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