Update Artikelilmiah: 12420

SUMARTIKA YIMASTRIA

NIM

Judul Artikel

Abstrak (Bhs. Indonesia)

Poliploidisasi merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan ikan melalui manipulasi kromosom. Individu triploid memiliki ukuran tubuh lebih besar dibandingkan individu diploid. Hal ini dikarenakan individu triploid memiliki ukuran sel lebih besar dibandingkan diploid dan bersifat steril. Individu steril dikarenakan terdapat satu set kromosom yang tidak memiliki pasangan homolog pada saat pembelahan meiosis. Kondisi ini mengakibatkan peningkatan pertumbuhan jaringan somatik dan terhambatnya perkembangan gonad.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi perkembangan gonad dan sel germinal primordia, serta pengukuran dimensi eritrosit ikan nilem hasil kejut panas pada menit pertama, ketiga atau kelima setelah pencampuran milt dan oosit. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap. Perlakuan berupa kontrol dan pemberian kejut panas pada menit pertama, ketiga atau kelima setelah pencampuran milt dan oosit dengan setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 6 kali. Perkembangan gonad dilakukan dengan mengevaluasi sediaan histologis pada ikan umur 4, 8, 12, dan 16 minggu setelah penetasan. Variabel penelitian ini terdiri dari variabel bebas dan variabel tergantung. Variabel bebas berupa waktu kejut panas dan variabel terikat berupa respon dari pemberian kejut panas pada waktu yang berbeda. Parameter utama yaitu diferensiasi gonad, sel germinal primordia, dan volume gonad serta parameter pendukung berupa dimensi eritrosit, panjang dan bobot ikan. Data volume gonad, jumlah dan diameter sel germinal primordia serta dimensi eritrosit dianalisis dengan anova satu arah sedangkan diferensiasi gonad dianalisis secara deskriptif.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ikan hingga umur 16 minggu setelah penetasan, belum terjadi diferensiasi gonad kearah testis atau ovarium. Volume gonad ikan nilem mengalami peningkatan setiap bulan dari 2,548x10-3±0,99x10-3 mm3 hingga 100,25x10-3±98,08x10-3 mm3. Jumlah sel germinal primordia ekstra gonad mengalami penurunan seiring dengan peningkatan jumlah sel germinal primordia intra gonad pada setiap pengamatan. Sel germinal primordia ekstra gonad berdiameter 2,37±0,85 µm hingga 3,34±0,96 µm, sedangkan sel germinal primordia intra gonad berdiameter 3,70±1,47 µm hingga 5,77±2,18 µm. Hingga umur 16 minggu gonad ikan kontrol maupun yang diberi perlakuan kejut panas masih belum berdiferensiasi. Dimensi eritrosit pada perlakuan kejut panas menit ketiga (panjang eritrosit 14,46 ± 1,39 µm dan volume eirtrosit 4,25x102 ± 0,57  µm3) lebih besar dibanding perlakuan yang lain (p<0.01)

Abtrak (Bhs. Inggris)

Polyploidization is one of attempts to accelerate the  fish growth through the chromosomes manipulation. A triploid organism has larger body size than diploids because their cells size are larger but they are sterile. This condition is due to unequal chromosome pairing during meiosis division. Some triploids fish are reported have a capabillity of producing gametes. Therefore, it needs to be evaluated whether sterility in triploid fish is species-specific or universal.	
This study was aimed to evaluate gonadal and primordial germ cells (PGC) development, as well as erythrocytes dimension in fish treated with heat shock treatment at one, three, or five minutes post fertilization. This research was carried out experimentally using  completely randomized design. The treatments were control and fish treated with heat shock at one, three, or five minutes post fertilization, each treatment was repeated 6 times. Gonadal development was evaluated based on histological preparations of fish aged of 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks post hatching. The independent variable was  heat shock treatment and the dependent variables were the response of fish to the heat shock treatment. The main parameters were gonadal differentiation, primordial germ cells (PGC), and gonads volume; the supporting parameters were erythrocyte dimensions, fish body size. The quantitative data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, whereas gonadal differentiation were analyzed descriptively.
The results showed that up to 16 weeks post hatching, the gonad were still undifferentiated. The hard-lipped barb’s gonad volume has increased according to fishage starting from 2.548x10-3 ±0.99x10-3 mm3 at 8th weeks to 100.25x10-3 ± 98.08x10-3 mm3 at 16th weeks. The number of extra-gonadal primordial germ cells decrease with the increasing number of intra PGCs gonads. The diameter of extra-gonadal PGCs were 2.37 ± 0.85 μm to 3.34 ± 0.96 μm, whereas intra-gonadal PGCs diameter were 3.70 ± 1.47 μm to 5.77 ± 2.18 μm. The intra-gonadal PGCs were still undifferentiated. The erythrocytes dimension showed a significant differences in size (p <0.01). The largest erythrocytes (14.46 ± 1.39 μm and its volume at 4.25x102 ± 0.57  μm3) was found in fish treated with heat shock at three minutes post fertilization. In conclusion, the effect of heat shock treatment on gonadal development was not detectable at the age of 16 weeks, but those treatments affected the erythrocyte dimension of the hard-lipped barb.

Kata kunci

Pembimbing 1

Pembimbing 2

Pembimbing 3

Tahun

Jumlah Halaman